Active Processes Laboratory Big Science Questions Essential issues revolve around fractures and scale effects in space and time

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Active Processes LaboratoryBig Science
QuestionsEssential issues revolve around
fractures and scale effects in space and time
I How do Mass, Momentum, and Energy, transfer
and transform in fractured media -THMCB
Experiment -Ore Deposits II How do we image
and scale in fractured media -Earthquake
Cycle -Characterizing structure III How do we
engineer ultra-deep and large excavations -Cavern
s -Deep boreholes IV How do we better
understand cloud processes to improve climate
prediction
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Approaches
I, II, III
Characterize -gt Perturb -gt Observe -gt Exhume
Imaging Direct/Indirect
Model
THMCB
Sequence HMTCB
IV - Use a vertical shaft of 500 to 1000 m to
generate clouds of varying properties
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Approach (contd)
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Experimental Design
Space
Petroleum
Characterize
Drill-bit
Cloud C
Characterize
HMTCB
Deep Excav
Characterize
Ore Deposits
HMTCB
EQ Cycle
IV (a) Warm cloud warmer than 0 C (b)
Mixed-phase cloud (down to -20C) aerosol (ice
nuclei) electrical, turbulence, temp./ updraft,
chemistry
Time
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Infrastructure
Test blocks
Physics
100m
Petroleum Campus
0.5 km
1 km
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• Cloud Physics Facility
• 1. Big Science Question How can we better
  understand cloud processes to improve climate
  prediction?
• 2. Approach Use a vertical shaft of 500 to
  1000 meters in depth to generate clouds of
  varying properties.
• 3. Experiments
• a) Warm cloud (warmer than 0C) aerosol
  variability, turbulence effects,
  temperature/updraft effects, aqueous chemistry
• Mixed-phase cloud (temperature down to -20C)
  aerosol (ice nuclei) effects, electrical effects,
  turbulence effects, temperature/updraft effects,
  aqueous and ice phase chemistry
• 4. Infrastructure
• Vertical shaft of 500-1000 meters with diameter
  of 3-5 meters
• Work space at top and bottom of shaft with hoist
  at top
• Power, communications, internet, etc.
• Variable speed blower/air handler at top to force
  updraft
• Man access to shaft at all levels (man-way or
  hoist with cage)
• Air filtration system
• Air chilling system (down to -20C)
• Insulated, climate controlled vertical cylinder
  to run length of shaft (in segments) for mixed
  phase cloud experiments
• Computer and basic data recording and video
  equipment to be installed at multiple levels in
  the shaft (all waterproofed)
• Turbulence generating fans
• Other equipment will be experiment dependent