U.S.S.R.

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U.S.S.R.

• Rise and Fall of a Nation

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Vladimir Lenin (1917 1924)

• N.E.P. (New Economic Policy)
• Some elements of capitalism

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Josef Stalin (1924 1953)

• Five Year Plans to rebuild industry
• Great Purge to imprison or kill political
  dissidents

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Nikita Khrushchev (1953 1964)

• De-Stalinization- freed many political
  prisoners
• Eased censorship
• We will bury you!

Bay of Pigs Cuban Missile Crisis Berlin Wall
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Sputnik (1957) add

• 1st artificial satellite to orbit earth
• Starts Space Race

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Berlin Wall (1961)

• Divided West East Berlin
• Fell in 1989

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Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)

• U.S.S.R. tried to smuggle weapons into Cuba.
• U.S. imposed a naval blockade.
• U.S.S.R. backs down.

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Leonid Brezhnev (1964 1982)

• Suppressed dissidents
• Critics were imprisoned in insane asylums.

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Détente (1970s)

• Easing of tensions a thaw in the Cold War
• SALT- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (I II)

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Brezhnev Doctrine

• U.S.S.R. had the right to prevent its satellite
  countries from rejecting communism.
• What made Brezhnev so mad????
• The Czechoslovakians .

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The Prague Spring (1968)

• Czechoslovakian President Alexandr Dubcek
  announced a new form of democratic communism.
• For four months they enjoyed freedom of speech
  and less state controls.

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What did the U.S.S.R. do?

• 500,000 Warsaw Pact troops invaded
• Czechoslovakia.
• They didnt fight back, but stood in front of the
  tanks put flowers in the soldiers hair.
• Dubcek was arrested and sent to Moscow.

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Invasion of Afghanistan (1979 - 1988)

• Drained Soviet economy.
• Low morale.
• Ended détente
• The USSRs Vietnam

US helped Taliban resistance fighters with guns
and equipment
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Mikhail Gorbachev(1985 1991)

• Signed arms treaty with the U.S.
• Pulled troops out of Afghanistan

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Glasnost

• Openness
• Ended censorship

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Perestroika

• Restructuring of the government the economy.

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Nationalities

• Freedom movement in Eastern Europe
• Conflicts between pro-communist pro-democratic
  groups
• Minority revolts and civil conflicts

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Effects of the Fall

• Formation of the Commonwealth of Independent
  States (CIS)
• Loss of role as world superpower
• End of the Cold War
• Economic hardships

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Boris Yeltsin (1991 2000) elected President of
democratic Russia

• Reduced nuclear stock piles
• Unemployment increased
• Prices increased
• Criminals gang activity big problems

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Chechnya Revolt (1994 - 1996)

• Chechnya is a province with a Muslim majority.
• They wanted their autonomy from Russia.
• 21 month guerilla and civil war.
• Russia withdrew troops but did not grant total
  independence.

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Vladimir Putin (2000 2008)

• Tough on dissidents
• Ex-KGB
• Current President and was PM

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Dmitry Medvedev (2008 present)

• Hand-picked by Putin.
• Working to reform the government ?!?
• Invasion of Georgia (Aug.2008)

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We will buy you -Medvedev
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R.I.P.Soviet Union

• DEFEAT THE NAZIS
• LENIN
• 1917 1991
• STALIN
• FIRST IN SPACE (SPUTNIK)
• LEADERSHIP OF GORBACHEV
• ONE OF TWO SUPERPOWERS

• GLASNOST
• GORBACHEV
• PERESTROIKA
• FIRST COMMUNIST NATION
• 15 INDEPENDENT STATES