Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Systems in Germany Market and Technical Development

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Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Systems in
GermanyMarket and Technical Development

• Dr. Uwe Hartmann
• DGS Berlin Brandenburg e.V.
• DGS_at_DGS-Berlin.de
• www.dgs-berlin.de

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DGS activities Publications Manuals PV and
Solar Thermal systems Development of PV
simulation software
DGS Manuals Solar Thermal Systems and PV Systems
PV Simulation Software SolEm
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• Local section of the German Solar Energy Society,
  the oldest nationwide solar organisation in
  Germany (3.000 members)
• Manuals PV Systems, Solar Thermal Systems and
  Bioenergy Systems in English, Spanish, Italian
  and Portuguese for experts
• Sonnenenergie Magazine

PV, Solar Thermal and Bioenergy Installers
Guide information http//www.greenpro.de
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• Solar School Berlin
• Training for technical and sales staff
  engineers, architects, trade workers, sales
  managers, consultants
• since 1996 more than 2000 persons and companies
  have been trained

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Projects with DGS participation

• Planning and services for PV and solar thermal
  projects
• Computer simulation and predicting yield of large
  solar thermal or PV systems for banks and
  investment societies
• Monitoring of solar systems
• Quality assurance for solar energysystemsRAL
  initiative and label

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PV-Market in Germany
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• Solar Cell Turnover p.a. worldwide and Costs
  in Germany

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• Situation of Solar PV Market
• In 2005 installed appr. 600 MWp
• In 2006 expected appr. 700 MWp
• Turn over 2005 gt 3.000.000.000
• Totally installed gt 1,6 GWp
• Employees gt 20.000
• Cost reduction 60 within 6 years
• Cost increase since 2004 !

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• German PV Production Companies

Silicon Wafer Cells Modules Special modules Inverters / Battery charger
Wacker Chemie ASI Intertech Deutsche Cell GSS ASS Aixcon
PV Silicon Deutsche Solar Ersol RWE Schott Solar Glaswerke Arnold Dorfmüller
PV Silicon RWE Schott Solar SMD Saint Gobain Kaco
Feedstock RWE Schott Solar Shell Solar Scheuten Sunovations Karschny
PV Silicon Sunways Solar-Fabrik Sunware Siemens
Q-Cells Solara Webasto SMA
Solarwatt Solarc Solar Konzept
Solon Solarnova Solar-Fabrik
Sunset Solon
Thin-film modules Sputnik
Thin-film modules Sun Power
Antec Sunways
Sulfurcell Steca
Würth Ufe
RWE Schott Solar Würth
Between 1999 and 2004 more than one billion
Euroswere invested in new production lines
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Feed-in Tariffs in Germany
Year of installation Rural areas PV-Systems in buildings and noise reduction walls PV-Systems in buildings and noise reduction walls PV-Systems in buildings and noise reduction walls Facades Facades Facades
bis 30 kW 30 - 100 kW über 100 kW bis 30 kW 30 - 100 kW über 100kW
2004 45,70 57,40 54,60 54,00 62,40 59,60 59,00
2005 43,42 54,53 51,87 51,30 59,53 56,87 56,30
2006 40,60 51,80 49,28 48,74 56,80 54,28 53,74
2007 37,96 49,21 46,82 46,30 54,21 51,82 51,30
2008 35,49 46,75 44,48 43,99 51,75 49,48 48,99
2009 33,18 44,41 42,26 41,79 49,41 47,26 46,79
2010 31,02 42,19 40,15 39,70 47,19 45,15 44,70
2011 29,00 40,08 38,14 37,72 45,08 43,14 42,72
2012 27,12 38,08 36,23 35,83 43,08 41,23 40,83
2013 25,36 36,18 34,42 34,04 41,18 39,42 39,04
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Market Share of Cell Types worldwide
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Cell Types

• Silicon cells

Thin film cells
Mono
Kupfer-Indium-Diselenid (CIS)
Poly
amorphes Silizium
Cadmium-Tellurid (CdTe)
Hybrid HIT-Cells
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Technical and Economical Trends

• Market Share
• Cristalline Silicon and Thin Film Cells
• Market Share
• PV-Systems in Buildings and in Rural Areas

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Comparison material use and energy expenditure
of cristalline silicon and thin film cells
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Trend BIPV

• Standardisation
• Prefabricated elements
• Norm for BIPV
• Costs are higher but multiple benefit

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Trend BIPV
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Trend BIPV
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Trend movable PV-systems

• Benefit
• Up to 40 more yield

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Quality Assurance and Quality of Guarantees given
are essential

• Effectivity of Support Programs for Renewables
• Important Not only the yield expected is crucial
  for the investment decision but also the
  potential risk

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Quality assurance of PV- and ST-Systems
RAL-Keymark of the DGS
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Financing of PV-Systems

• Fonds (Quality criteria for solar fonds ,
  UVS and BEE, 2005)
• Leasing
• Citizens as shareholders of PV-Systems
• Roof renting

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Monitoring of PV-Systems
Sensors for temperature and radiation
Datalogger with fault indication
Visualisation of yield
Monitoring via Internet
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Displays
Two examples for outdoor and indoor areas
Example for indoor area
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Solar Thermal Market Growth in Germany
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ST-Producers in Germany

• Producers founded in the 80s
• Wagner, Solvis etc.
• The big players
• Viessmann, Buderus etc.
• Specialists like
• Schüco, Roto Frank, Velux

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Solar Thermal Trends

• Solar Air Conditioning Systems
• Phoenix, Conergy
• Solar Heating Systems
• Water Drain Back Systems
• Wagner, Paradigma
• Solar Energy Centre
• Parabel

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Berlin Solar Energy CentreStralsunder Street
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Trend Solar and pellets
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Trend BIST
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The Market Incentive Program (MIP)

• Strong increase of applications in 2006 due to
  oil and gas price increase
• Total appr. 160.000 incl. July
• Mean collector area appr. 11 m2
• 50 of applications for heating systems
• Since 08 / 2006 program closed

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The Future of ST-Support Programs

• MIP Reduction of incentive
• Till 8/2006 54,6 /m2 and 70,2 /m2
• MIP new incentive based on CO2-emission
  reduction or kWh produced?
• Renewable Energy Law for Heating Systems?
• (Acc. to the REL for electricity)

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Solar Air Conditioning

• Heating demand of buildings is falling
• Comfort demand is rising
• Together cooling demand during summer is rising
  

Example Location in Southern France
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Example of Solar Air Conditioning System (Open
System) in Freiburg Southern Germany

• 100 m2 solar air collectors
• 100 solar fraction
• during summer
• No storage necessary
• Only two days (2002) with
• more than 27 in rooms

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Thank you for your attention