Groups/Families of the Periodic Table and Chemistry Vocabulary Review

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Groups/Families of the Periodic Tableand
Chemistry Vocabulary Review

• Copy information in red on your notes
• Then label and color the blank periodic table as
  indicated.

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Groups/Family (write in notes)

• Each vertical ( ) column represents a family.
  They are also called groups.
• Each family shares similar characteristics
• The last number of the family tells you how many
  electrons are in the last energy level called
  valance electrons

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Groups/Family Numbers
Groups
On your blank periodic table number the Groups.
1
18
2
13
14
15
16
17
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
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Periods (write in notes)

• Each horizontal ( ) row is a period which is
  named with a number.
• The period number tells you the number of energy
  levels used by elements in that row.
• As the elements are read from left to right the
  Atomic Number increases.

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Period Numbers
On your blank periodic table number the periods.
Periods
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
7
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Metals (write in notes)

• Good conductors of heat and electricity.
• Malleable - can be flattened and rolled into
  sheets
• Ductile - can be drawn into wires
• High Luster (shiny)
• High density
• Mostly solids
• High melting/boiling points

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Metals
On the periodic table, draw the stair-step line
and label metals.
Metals
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Non-metals (write in notes)

• Insulators poor conductors of heat
• Brittle breaks easily
• Low Luster - dull
• Low melting/boiling points
• Can be a solid, liquid, or gas
• How do the characteristics of non-metals compare
  to metals?

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Non-metals
On your blank periodic table label non-metals.
Non-metals
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Metalloids (write in notes)

• The elements that help create the stair-step line
• Metalloids touch stair-step line horizontally
  and/or vertically.
• Have properties of both metals and nonmetals
• Shiny or dull
• Conduct or insulate

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Metalloids
On the periodic table label metalloids.
Metalloids touch stair-step line vertically or
horizontally.
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The Alkali Metals (Pink) (write in notes)

• Shiny, soft, solid
• VERY reactive (What does this mean?)
• Always found combined with another element
• Malleable - can be flattened and rolled into
  sheets
• Ductile - can be drawn into wires
• Good conductors
• Have 1 electron in their outer energy level
• Make salts such as NaCl and KCl

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Alkali Metals (Pink)(color label blank
periodic table)
Alkali Metals
14
Alkaline Earth Metals (Brown) (write in notes)

• DO NOT OCCUR FREELY IN NATURE Always combine with
  another element
• Reactive
• Malleable
• Ductile
• Good Conductors
• Have 2 electrons in their outer energy level
• Calcium is a metal (what gives bones their
  strength)

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Alkaline Earth Metals(color label in periodic
table)
Alkaline Earth Metals
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The Transition Metals (green)(write in notes)

• Groups 3 - 12
• Includes elements in which the number of valence
  electrons can change (dont follow rules)
• Less active than alkali metals alkaline earth
  metals
• Iron, Copper, and Nickel produce a magnetic field

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Transition Metals(color label periodic table)
Transition Metals
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Rare Earth Metals(blue checkerboard)(write in
notes)

• Found at the bottom of the periodic table
• Top Row Lanthanide Series
• Bottom Row Actinide Series
• Radioactive
• Unstable
• Uses Nuclear power plants, weapons, medicines

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Rare Earth Metals(color label periodic table)
Rare Earth Metals
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BCNO Group (13 16)

• Named after the first element in the group.
• Group 13 Boron Group (3 electrons in outer
  energy level)
• Group 14Carbon Group (4 electrons in outer
  energy level)
• Group 15 Nitrogen Group (5 electrons in outer
  energy level)
• Group 16 Oxygen Group (6 electrons in outer
  energy level)

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BCNO Groupswrite in the group names
Oxygen Group
Boron Group
Carbon Group
Nitrogen Group
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Halogens (Blue)write in notes

• Combines with other elements to form salts (salt
  former)
• Very reactive
• Chlorine is the most abundant
• Have 7 electrons in their outer energy level
• Chlorine bleaches are used in disinfecting water
• Bromine used as dyes in cosmetics
• Iodine (shiny gray) is essential in the
  production of thyroxin

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Halogens (blue) color label the periodic table
Halogens
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Noble Gases (orange)write in notes

• Very stable and non reactive
• Have 2 (He) or 8 electrons in their outer energy
  levels (full)
• Uses Neon lights, laser lights
• Noble gases normally dont mix with other
  compounds

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Noble Gasescolor label periodic table
Noble Gases
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Families of the Periodic Table
Metals
Non Metals
Noble Gases
Boron Group
Halogens
Oxygen Group
Alkali Metals
Nitrogen Group
Carbon Group
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Metals
Rare Earth Metals
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CHEMISTRY VOCAB.

• Write definitions to terms on back of periodic
  table.

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• Atom- Smallest particle of an element that has
  all the properties of the element.
• Proton- a subatomic particle with a positive
  charge located in the nucleus of an atom.
• Neutron- a subatomic particle that is neutral and
  located in the nucleus of an atom.
• Electron- A subatomic particle that is negative
  and revolve around the nucleus and are involved
  in bonding.

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• Nucleus- The center of the atom where the protons
  and neutrons are located (almost all atoms mass)
• Electron Cloud- The group of electrons revolving
  around the nucleus of an atom.
• Valence Electrons- The electrons in the outer
  most energy level of an element. Valence
  electrons are in

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• Ion- a particle that is electrically charged (
  or -) due to a loss or gain of electrons.
• Isotope- one of two or more atoms that with the
  same atomic number but with different number of
  neutrons.

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• Element-A substance composed of atoms having an
  identical number of protons in each nucleus.
  Elements cannot be reduced to simpler substances
  by normal chemical means.
• Compound-A substance formed by the reaction of
  two or more chemical elements. The elements in a
  compound are present in fixed ratios.
• Molecule- Two or more atoms chemically bonded
  together.

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• Precipitate-o cause (a solid substance) to be
  separated from a solution.
• Reactivity-the relative capacity of an atom,
  molecule, or radical to undergo a chemical
  reaction with another atom, molecule, or
  compound.

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• Physical change-phase change a change from one
  state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without
  a change in chemical composition
• Chemical change-any process in which reactants
  are changed into products by the breaking or
  creation of chemical bonds
• Thermal Energy-energy in the form of heat.