Unit 8: Contemporary Feminism- an Example of Argentina ?8??:??????_????????? National Chiao Tung University

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Unit 8 Contemporary Feminism- an Example of
Argentina?8????????_?????????National Chiao
Tung University

• Presenter Dr. Andrea, Pei-Shan Kao

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Image of Feminism
?Source http//www.winterwomen.org/optimized/rosi
e01.jpg, consulted in November 2008
?http//115.img.pp.sohu.com/images/blog/2007/5/14
/13/29/1132132b707.jpg, consulted in November
2008.
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About Feminism

• Definition A discourse that involves various
  social theories, political movements which is
  based on womens experience.
• Purpose To advocate equality for women, campaign
  for womens rights and interests.
• Issues Gender differences, discrimination,
  stereotype, repression, and fathers rights, etc.
  

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• Origin A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
  written by Mary Wollsonecraft (1759-1797) in
  1792.

?Source http//isak.typepad.com/isak/images/wools
tonecraft.jpg ?http//www.mobipocket.com/eBooks/c
over_remote/ID288/1596255536.jpg
?http//www.powells.com/cgi-bin/imageDB.cgi?isbn
9780486290362, consulted in November 2008.
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?Source http//ec2.images-amazon.com/images/P/052
1436338.01._SCMZZZZZZZ_.jpg ?http//images.buch.
de/04/62/07/04620734_b001.jpg, consulted in
November 2008.
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• Process 3 waves
• The first wave was in the 19th and
• early 20th centuries
• ?
• The second wave was in the 1960s and 1970s
• ?
• The third wave extends from the 1990s
• to the present

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• Ideologies and Theoretical Schools
• (1) Liberal Feminism all women can assert their
  ability to achieve equality therefore, it is
  possible for change to happen without altering
  the structure of society.
• (2) Radical Feminism? Separatist Feminism
• (3) Black Feminism? Womanism
• (4) Socialist and Marxist Feminism It connects
  the oppression of women to Marxist ideas about
  exploitation, oppression and labor.
• (5) Ecofeminism It connects the exploitation and
  domination of women with that of the environment.
  They argue as men control the land, they can
  exploit it for their own profit and success in
  this situation, women are exploited by men in
  power for their own profit, success, and
  pleasure.

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• Case in North American
• Glass Ceiling Effect
• Invisible barriers
• ?The term can be traced
• back to 1979 by Katherine
• Lawrence and Marianne
• Schreiber, two ladies working
• at HP, to describe how women
• hit a point where they seemed
• unable to progress beyond
• although there seemed to be
• a clear path of promotion.
• ? Source http//farm2.static.flickr.com/1083/1414
  532055_926cbcb6c3.jpg, consulted in November
  2008.

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• Example 1
• When Carly Fiorina became
• CEO and chairwoman of the
• board of HP, she said there
• was no glass ceiling.
• 
  
• ?

? When she left HP, she called her earlier
statement a dumb thing to say."
?Source http//images.newsfactor.com/images/id/47
50/hp-ceo-carly-fiorina-resigns_nfn.jpg
?http//www.djurdjevic.com/Images2005/FORTUNE_cove
r.JPG, consulted in November 2008.
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Example 2
Hillary Clinton Gender glass ceiling
cracked The goal of winning the presidency is
the "highest" and "hardest" glass ceiling facing
women. (June 7,2008)
Source http//farm3.static.flickr.com/2331/230898
1247_941e5a61b2.jpg, consulted in November 2008.
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Case in Sudan- Genital Mutilation
?Source http//www.dw-world.de/image/0,,771994_4,
00.jpg ?http//www.africabookcentre.com/acatalog/
Female_Genital_Mutilation_Legal.jpg, consulted
in November 2008.
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Case in Argentina Christina Elizabeth Fernandez
de Kirchner
?Source http//www.refdag.nl/media/foto/2007/4549
8-a.jpg ?http//farm4.static.flickr.com/3261/2591
556336_54279d2204.jpg ? http//www2.chinadaily.
com.cn/world/2007-02/06/xin_1902040609570391056437
.jpg, consulted in November 2008.
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Her Curriculum Vitae
Born in February 19, 1953 (La Plata, Province
of Buenos Aires) BA in Law ( National
University of La Plata) President
December, 2007 Senator (Buenos Aires)
2005-2007 First Lay
2003-2007Senator (Santa Cruz) 2001-2005
Deputy
(Santa Cruz) 1997-2001 Senator (Santa Cruz)
1995-1997 Provincial Legislature 1989, 1993

? Source http//www.american.edu/ted/images2/argf
ull.gif, consulted in November, 2008.
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About her -Daughter of Eduardo Fernández (of
Spanish heritage) and Ofelia Esther Wilhelm (of
German heritage). -Wife of former President
Néstor Krichner. -Member of the Justicialist
Party, founded by Juan and Evita Perón in
1947. -The First Lady in history to be elected
to succeed her husband as a president.
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Isabel Martínez de Perón
Juan and Eva Perón (1945)
? Source http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eva_PerC3
B3n ? http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImageIsabelit
a.jpg, consulted in November 2008.
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Presidential Election in 2007
??????????,????????45???,? 40?????????????????1
0,???????
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• Disputes about her
• Extension of a Dynasty or victory of
  Feminism?
• --Former Presidents wife. Her presidency is
  seen as the key to continue the project of her
  husband, Kirchner.
• -2nd female President of Argentine, after Isabel
  Perón (1974-1976), but the first to be elected.
• -Womens wages are on average lower than those of
  men by 38. (The largest in Latin America)

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2. Economic issuesafter 8 yearly growth rate in
the past 4 years -Her policies are seen as the
continuation of the project of her husband, eg
Stronger role for government ?Nationalisation.
Kirchner?Nationalised Thales Espectrum (which
regulates Argentinas radio airwaves),
Metropolitano (Buenos Aires trains), Correo
Argentino (the post office) and Aguas Argentina
(the water company). Fernandez?Nationalised the
pension funds. -The inflation issue -Huge
foreign debts
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3. Cool relations with the United States because
of Argentine-Venezuelan relations ? ?Political
funding scandal from the U.S.A The U.S.
government Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner won
with the help of 800,000 secretly sent from
Venezuela. Four people are accused. Her
reactions? garbage in international
politics Reactions of Venezuela President, Hugo
Chavez? He calls the case a fabricated
scandal. Source http//www.npr.org/templates/s
tory/story.php?storyId17246547, consulted in
November 2008.
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Photos about Argentina
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(No Transcript)
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Female leaders in the world
New Zeland Prime Minister-Helen Clark
Philippine President-Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Irish President- Mary McAleese
German Chancellor- Angela Merkel
? South Korea Prime Minister -Han Myung-Sook
?Latvia President-Vaira Freiberga
Finnish President-Tarja Halonen
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Class Discussion Do you support that female
can join the Presidential election? If yes, will
you support a female President? If not, why?
please list all your reasons and discuss it with
your members.