The

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The BS W Portablecoulometric Karl Fischer
titrator
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KF Titration Cell Differences
VOLUMETRIC
COULOMETRIC
Detector
Detector
Generator
Burette
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Why Have Two Different KF Methods?

• Volumetric KF usually used for
• High water content gt 10.
• Coulometric KF better suited for
• Low water content 1ppm 10.

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Advantages of Coulometric KF

• Fast analysis most analysed in lt 1min
• Low reagent usage multiple samples can be
  analysed with a single charge of reagent which
  means less waste and less handling of chemicals,
  good news for Health and Safety
• Simple operation no need for a chemist
• No reagent calibration

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Analysis of Petroleum Products

• ASTM D1533, D4928, D6304, IP 386 and API MPMS
  chapter 10.9, stipulate that Karl Fischer anode
  reagent should be mixed 6040 with xylene
• Intended to improve sample miscibility and limit
  problems with the generator electrode due to waxy
  deposits and asphaltines dropping out of the
  sample

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Problems with Petroleum Products

• Modification of the reagent and addition of oil
  samples affects the resistance and capacitance of
  the titration cell

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Why Is This a Problem?

• Coulometers work on fundamental law
• 10.71 coulombs will titrate 1mg of water
• When the resistance in the electrolysis cell is
  increased the coulometer cannot operate correctly
  and gives incorrect results, usually high.

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What Is This Problem?

• Every coulometer has a maximum titration current
  and count rate
• If the resistance in the cell is high it cannot
  generate required current
• But it continues to count as if the required
  current was being generated

THIS PRODUCES AN INCORRECT RESULT
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What Happens at Present?

• The method states that the performance of a
  coulometer should be monitored after every 10
  samples by injecting water standard
• What if result is incorrect?
• Do you assume that all the previous results are
  correct?
• Can you afford to make that assumption?

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A.C.E. Control

• Automatically
• Compensated
• Errors
• Guarantees that the electrolysis current produced
  and the count rate displayed are always correctly
  synchronized, regardless of changes to the
  electrolysis cell resistance
• At the heart of the BS W Portable titrator

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Advantages of ACE control

• Reduction in reagent consumption
• More cost effective
• Better conditions for personnel
• Most importantly -
  The ACE
  control system

GUARANTEES THE CORRECT RESULT
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BS W Portable
Offers more flexibility
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Why Do I Need BS W Portable?

• Increased flexibility
• Can analyse a wider range of samples
• Allows selection of different
• Volumes
• Densities
• Weights
• Result formats
• Delay times

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Target Applications

• Crude oils
• Petroleum products
• Lube oils
• Brake fluids
• Hydraulic fluids

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BS W -Truly Portable

• Carry case
• Built in printer
• Built in battery
• Car adapter
• Moisture tight low drift cell
• All standard

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Low Drift Cell (LDC)

• Specifically designed for outdoor use
• Unique dual lock system
• Ground glass joint
• Tight seal screw caps
• Anti stick joints (no grease required)

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Cou-Lo Formula Reagents

• Single shot bottles
• Safer to use
• Safer to store
• Low cost
• Faster precondition
• Reduced downtime
• Improved sample miscibility / solubility
• For all coulometers