Reliability Software Minimum requirements

1
Reliability SoftwareMinimum requirementsBest
practices

• Frank Macedo - FERC
• Technical Conference July 14, 2004

2
Blackout report findings

• Inadequate situational awareness by the local
  grid operators and Reliability Coordinators
  prevented effective action

3
Objectives

• What are the minimum real-time application
  tool requirements for grid reliability ?
• What are the best available applications tools
  for grid reliability ?

4
Functional Areas

• Network analysis
• Monitoring and visualization
• Real-time enablers
• Operations planning
• Transactions scheduling
• History forecasting

5
Caveat

• The minimum requirements and performance
  indicies quoted are considered to be commercially
  achievable and are not intended to be regulatory
  requirements. Their purpose is to initiate
  industry discussion on what these minimum
  reliability capabilities ought to be.

6
Network Analysis

• Minimum
• Network topology processor (Detailed network
  adequate external representation)
• State estimator (lt 2 min., mismatch lt 10 MVA)
• Real time contingency analysis (lt 5 min. on 100
  kV and above plus external critical facilities)
• Best practice
• Critical facility loading assessment (use of
  Line Outage Dist Factors)
• Dynamic security assessment (transient voltage
  stability limits)
• RT thermal capability assessment (based on
  prevailing pre-load and ambient or dynamic field
  measurements)
• RT short-circuit assessment (based on prevailing
  network and generation)

7
Monitoring Visualization

• Minimum
• Wide area visualization (critical facilities
  external to the footprint)
• Dynamic reactive reserve/Minimum voltage
  (required actual)
• Remedial Action Schemes (status, trigger points
  proximity)
• Automatic safety nets (under frequency load
  shedding, under voltage load shedding)
• Status of EMS facilities (servers, back-up
  systems, communications, functionality)
• Best Practice
• Dynamic Map Board driven by EMS
• Capability for remote access and navigation
  (network conditions and Contingency Analysis
  results)
• Electronic documentation (critical operating
  information linked to facilities on network
  topology)

8
Real-Time Enablers

• Minimum
• Intelligent alarm processing (filtering,
  prioritization, grouping)
• Block load shedding (lt10 min. capability)
• ACE/AGC
• Remote back-up EMS, voice data communications
• Best Practice
• Generation of options to return system to secure
  operating state

9
Operations Planning

• Minimum
• Outage scheduling (assess impact of outages
  using historical data ac Load Flow)
• Study Mode capability (study what-if
  scenarios using a real-time snapshot of the
  system)
• Generation reserve sharing (allocation of
  reserves among units)
• Best Practice
• Rehearsal of next days operation (simulate all
  outages test using contingency analysis in
  study mode)

10
Transactions Scheduling

• Minimum
• Interchange distribution calculator (IDC)
• System data exchange (SDX) updated (lt15 min of
  outage)
• E-tag approval/scheduling
• OASIS
• Best Practice
• Automatic update of IDC
• Identification of full range of mitigation
  options for TLR

11
History Forecasting

• Minimum
• Weather data (forecast high risk conditions)
• Load forecasts (short term next day)
• Information storage retrieval (ISR)
  (reconstruction of events, proactive inspection
  maintenance of critical assets)
• Best Practice
• ISR linked to Asset Management System
  Training Simulator (automatic generation of
  directives on equipment testing and maintenance.
  Scenarios for training)

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Issues

• Network measured data maintenance
• State estimator maintenance
• IT Operations interactions quality control
• Data sharing outside of footprint
• Human factors engineering
• Training Simulator