What is .Net?

1
Introduction
2
What is .Net?

• The hypeMicrosoft .Net is a set of Microsoft
  software technologies for connecting information,
  people, systems, and devices. It enables a high
  level of software integration through the use of
  XML Web services small, discrete,
  building-block applications that connect to each
  other as well as to other applications over the
  Internet.

3
What is .Net, really?

• .Net is a platform that provides a standardized
  set of services.
• Its just like Windows, except distributed over
  the Internet.
• It exports a common interface so that its
  programs can be run on any system that supports
  .Net.

4
Goals of .Net

• Maintain Microsoft dominance?
• Tie all devices to the Internet
• Software as a service
• Data and applications accessible on all devices
• Truly compile once, run anywhere
• Scalability

5
How Does It All Work?

• Based on 3 protocols
• HTTP
• XML
• SOAP
• XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
• Separates data and view
• Good, general way of describing data

6
Simple Object Access Protocol

• DefinitionSimple and lightweight mechanism for
  exchanging structured and typed information
  between peers in a decentralized, distributed
  environment.
• Based on XML and HTTP
• SOAP defined through XML
• XML piggybacks on top of HTTP
• Because it uses HTTP, firewalls arent a problem

7
.Net Platform

• .Net Framework and Visual Studio .Net
• Mobile Internet Toolkit
• Set of programming interfaces that enable
  developers to target mobile devices like smart
  phones and PDAs
• Building Block Services (ie, Passport)

8
.Net Framework

• Programming model for .Net
• Platform for running managed code in a virtual
  machine
• Provides a very good environment to develop
  networked applications and Web Services

9
.Net Framework Contents

• Common Language Runtime
• Manages running code
• Verifies type safety
• Provides garbage collection, error handling
• Provides common type system
• Provides access to system resources
• Win32 API, COM, etc.
• A collection of unified classes
• ASP.NET
• ADO.NET
• Access to Windows Functions System,
  System.Drawing, System.Web, System.XML...

10
Inside the .Net Framework
Unified Class libraries Unifies Programming
models across languages Factored for
extensibility Designed for tools
C
Visual J...
Visual Basic .NET
ASP.NET
ADO.NET
Enterprise Services
Enterprise Services The services required for
mission critical applications Transactions,
Messaging, Partitions, Object Pooling and Events
CLR
XML and Data Access ADO .NET interfaces any
database, loosely coupled data access and native
XML data format.
Active Directory
MSMQ
COM
IIS
WMI
Win32
CLR Executes code, maintains security, handles
component plumbing and dependencies
XML Web Services and Scripting High-productivity
environmentfor building and operating XML
Web services
11
Standards Compliance
VB
C
J...
C
JScript
Common Language Specification
Web Forms
XML Web services
Windows Forms
Data and XML
Base Class Library
CLR
CLI
12
Common Language Runtime

• Manages running code
• Threading
• Memory management
• No interpreter Install time or run time
  intermediate language (IL) to native compilation
• Fine-grained evidence-based security
• Code access security
• IL can be verified to guarantee type safety
• No unsafe casts, no un-initialized variables and
  no out-of-bounds array indexing
• Role-based security
• Integrated with underlying OS

13
Compilation and Execution Cycle
Compilation
Before installation or the first time each method
is called
14
CLR Internals
15
Simplified Development

• CLR makes things easy
• Self-describing components
• Hierarchical namespaces
• Source code to metadata
• Structured exceptions
• Root object class
• Garbage collector

16
.Net Unified Classes
System.Web (ASP .NET)
System.Windows.Forms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
HTMLControls
WebControls
System.Drawing
Drawing2D
Printing
Caching
Security
Imaging
Text
Configuration
SessionState
System.Data (ADO .NET)
System.XML
OLEDB
SQLClient
XSL
Serialization
Common
SQLTypes
XPath
Schema
System
Collections
IO
Security
Runtime
InteropServices
Configuration
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Reflection
Diagnostics
Text
Serialization
Threading
Resources
Globalization
17
Multi-Language Development

• Object system is built in, not bolted on
• Use the language of choice
• No additional rules or API to learn
• Advanced multi-language features
• Cross-language inheritance and exceptions
• Supports more than 20 languages
• Perl, Python, COBOL, Jscript, Eiffel, Haskell,
  Pascal, ML, ADA, APL, C, Visual C, Visual J,
  Visual Basic, Visual C, SmallTalk, Oberon,
  Scheme, Mercury, Oz and CAML.
• All languages have approximately same
  performance, since all turn into MSIL first.
• C is the flagship language for the .NET
  Framework.
• Tools that work in multiple languages and across
  languages and platforms
• Debugger

18
Simple to Use

• Component-oriented
• Properties, methods and events are first class
• Design-time functionality
• Organization
• Organized in hierarchical namespaces
• Unified Type System
• Everything is an object
• Boxing converts value types to objects
• No need for special variant type
• Example 123.toString() will convert the integer
  123 to a string 123 without the need to
  declare 123 as an integer first

19
Summary

• Microsoft .NET
• Built from the ground up (unlike MFC)
• Standards-based platform
• Web services
• Consistent programming model
• The .NET Platform contains
• .NET Framework and Visual Studio .NET
• Mobile Internet Toolkit
• Building block services (Passport)
• Common framework for all languages
• Common Language Runtime and Unified classes
• Simplified development and deployment

20
Resources

• http//www.gotdotnet.com
• GotDotNet is a great site for code samples,
  tutorials, and a great developer community. Also
  access to the creators of C.
• http//www.go-mono.com
• Project Mono is an open source .NET
  implementation for Unix
• http//www.dotnetmagic.com
• DotNetMagic has a great set of libraries and code
  to make common tasks very easy to perform.
• http//www.codeproject.com
• Lots of code samples and resources for all
  programming languages.
• http//msdn.microsoft.com
• Great for documentation on everything .NET
  Win32 related.