Title: Overview of the FAO - Government of Kenya Agrobiodiversity Programme FAO
1Overview of the FAO - Government of Kenya
Agrobiodiversity Programme FAONetherlands
Partnership Programme(FNPP II - 2005 2007)
Collaboration for policy and strategic support
for sustainable ecosystems, rural livelihoods and
food security by Sally Bunning FAO-Rome and
Michael Makokha, FAO-Kenya
2Guiding principles of Kenya strategic integrated
programme
- People centred (gender equity)
- Inter-sectoral process
- Strengthen existing programme activities
- Policy impact in short/ medium term
- Ecosystem approach
- Opportunity to establish synergies
- Integrating water
Food Security
3 Themes
Agrobiodiversity
Forestry
3AgBio Programme framework and linkages
Policy dialogue- mainstreaming AGBD, enabling
environment Harmonisation AGBD, FS, FO
3
Feedback
Integrated land use, resources and
agrobiodiversity assessment INRA
Status /trends of plant genetic resources
Specific studies markets and seed system
2
Specific databases-invasive spp.
Training institutes - information and curricula
devt.
1b
Local community FFS action in Lake Zone district
- fishing communities
Local community FFS action in Dryland district
-agropastoral communities
Case studies and policy briefs
1a
4AGBD Programme responds to needs identified
Habitat management (beaches, user rights,
pollination) Integrated resources
management (agro-ecological approaches river
basin management, soil, water, biological
resources) Alternative livelihoods (fishing
communities) Invasiveness (e.g. Prosopis other
woody species. learning from fisheries) Responding
to HIV/AIDS (labour saving CA approaches,
nutrition, fisher-trader links) Drought
resilience (local varieties/species, runoof
management Markets - Seeds Networks (prices,
organisation, farming as a business)
5Agrobiodiversity Programme (1) Local level FFS
in diverse farming systems/AEZ
Identifying and adapting agro-biodiversity
management options opportunities 1) Mwingi
district, semi-arid agro-pastoral ? drought
resilient, mixed systems 2. Bondo district,
Sub-humid Lake Zone ?sustainable, productive
aquatic and terrestrial systems 3. Coastal zone
INRA pilot
Link with drylands Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia
1
2
Link across Lake Victoria basin
6Encourage partnerships for institutional capacity
building integrated NR management.
- Multiple Partners are identified for synergy and
collaboration - Ministries of Agriculture and Livestock
- Departments Resource survey and remote sensing
Fisheries and forestry - Ministry of Environment and Education
- technical bodies KARI, KEFRI, ICRAF,ITDG, JKU,
ICRISAT, ILRI, KEMFRI... - Community level District, FFS, Extension,
- Universities (Egerton, Moi, Jomo Kenyatta)
- Training colleges- teacher training, agriculture
and forestry - Partner organisations ICRISAT, Bioversity, ITDG,
CIKSAP - Aim attention/ development of a steering
committee at policy level
7 LEARNING BY DOING REFLECTING
Observation
Analysis
Presentation
Synthesis /discussion
8Identified General topics for FFS process
- Community resources management impacts
(species, habitats, etc.) - Changing customs and innovations (practices,
by-laws, diet, recipes..) - Local conservation strategies individual and
communal - Effects of markets and market development
- Ecological services e.g. pollination, beekeeping
soil health, water - Impact of cash crops (on systems, income,
environment, security..) - IPM, safe use and beneficial insect species
- Links with other actors (nutrition, health,
business management etc.)
- Coast Farming, fish farming and fisheries in
Lake Victoria basin - Local vegetables (income, nutrition, ..)
- Alien species
- 2 fisheries scenarios river (aquaculture) and
lake (catch) - Upstream agric. and non-agricultural practices
affecting aquatic area - Changes in aquatic area (not only fish)
- Conservation and use e.g. products of wild
harvested spp.such as Papyrus
- Mwingi Drought resilient agropastoral systems
- Genebank of local varieties
- Communal seed systems (storage)
- Effects of commercialised crops
- Drought resistant crops sorghum varieties
green gram pigeon pea - Resilient, productive systems (water harvesting
etc.) -
9Expanding FFS to agro-pastoral communities?
- Challenges
- From individual farms to communal land
- Community extension facilitators
- Group experimentation
- Curriculum
101a)Targets farmer groups, extension/facilitators
PRA and AGBD study Identify issues for
FFS Curriculum development FFS Conduct and
evaluation Documenting process and lessons
FFS Resource management systems, land water,
Diversification- species, habitat management
Soil health, pollination, aquaculture fishery
LInKS
111.b) Targets extension and technical staff
- Curriculum development integrate AGBD in
training - Training materials/ short courses
- Livelihood approaches- HIV/AIDS, gender,
nutrition - Exchange between extension and training
- Workshops with colleges
- Development of Case studies and Policy briefs
FFS in Kenya
12 Example of a training module and FFS study
- Pollination is an important ecosystem function
that affects crop production - An ecosystem service critical in agriculture
- Determines plant diversity and food supply 60 of
food plants insect pollinated - Role in sustaining natural plant populations
- Direct influence on fruit set, seed set, fruit
quality and quantity - Work being conducted with Jomo kenyatta
University (Grace Njoroge et al) developing
training modules FFS study
13Work on pollination in kenya
- Pollination has direct influence on yields even
at low fertilizer levels - Farmers have important local knowledge need to
document and use - Capacity building Need for interactive training
and Public awareness on role on ecological
functions e.g. pollination, soil biodiversity
etc. to affect policy - Assessment Need more surveys especially for
crops in fragile ecosystems to monitor pollinator
declines and causes with local people - Adaptive management Strategy for conservation
and management of pollination services - Cashew nuts flies, ants and honeybees for nut
development - Coffee improves flavor
- Sunflower and cotton - oil output increased
- Coconut - bees yield doubled.
14AgBio 2 Improving access to information
knowledge
- 2.a INRA Integrated natural resources (and
biodiversity) assessment - (builds on forest resources assessment)
- Assess available information and needs (status
and trends - land use, habitat/species) - Develop and pilot inter-sectoral methodology
(AGBD, land use, land, water, other natural
resources, ecosystem) - Identify indicator and tools (field survey,
transects, RRA-questionnaire) - Capacity building (Participatory mapping and
assessment RS, sampling, - Compatible data, database development and
analysis)
Targets technical capacity informed decision
making by policy makers/resource managers
15Improving access to information knowledge
(continued)
- 2.b) Information systems on alien species in
fisheries and forestry (for management and early
warning) - 2c) Information on plant genetic resources for
food an agriculture - Assess status of genetic resources with FFS
- Train people to collect and analyse data
- Improve the quality of information about PGRFA
status and dynamics - Contribute to reporting commitment to State of
World report on PGRFA - link with over 26 key PGR institutions
- Targets technical extension level (Partners
Genebank, IPGRI..)
162d) Research on Managing Seed Systems to promote
the sustainable utilization of crop genetic
resources
- Two focus areas
- 1. Using markets to promote sustainable use of
CGR - How to manage seed systems to promote
sustainable agriculture, improved farm welfare
and in situ conservation of important crop
genetic diversity. Methodology development - Case studies Mali, Kenya, India, Mexico,
Bolivia - 2. Economic analysis of seed system impacts on
farm welfare and on farm diversity - Assessing the links between seed systems and
farm level use of crops and varieties and their
implications for welfare and diversity - Case studies Ethiopia (Sorghum, Wheat)
Mozambique (cowpea) India (Pearl Millet) Mexico
(Maize) in partnership with IPGRI, ICRISAT,
IFPRI, and CIMMYT
17Work together to achieve happy healthy farmers
and ecosystems