Motivation

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Motivation Emotion
The Psychology of Motivation The Whys of Why
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Motivation Emotion

• Learning Objectives
• Terms
• Theories of Motivation
• Hunger
• Emotions

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Psychology of Motivation

• Motives
• Needs
• Drives
• Incentives

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Theories of Motivation

• Biological Theory
• Instinct Theory
• Drive Reduction Theory
• Cognitive (dissonance) Theory
• Sociocultural Theory
• Humanistic Theory

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Humanistic Theory

• Abraham Maslow
• Behavior is also motivated by a conscious desire
  for personal growth.
• Tolerate sources of tension to achieve perceived
  personal fulfillment.
• Self actualization

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Hierarchy of Needs

• Self Actualization
• Abundancy Esteem
• Needs Love Beloningness
• Safety Deficiency
  Physiological
• Needs

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Self Actualization

• Characteristics
• spontaneity in living,
• Nonconformity
• Live a problem centered life
• A. Einstein, H.D. Thoreau,
• Eleanor Roosevelt, L.V. Beethoven

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Hunger / Obesity

• Satiety satisfied, fullness
• Hypothalamus
• Ventromedial Nucleus (VMN)
• Psychological Factors
• Obesity (high vs. low SES)

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Eating Disorders

• Distortion of body image and gross disturbances
  in eating patterns.
• Anorexia Nervosa
• refusal to maintain healthful body weight
• Bulimia Nervosa
• recurrent cycles of binge eating followed by
  dramatic measures to purge the food.

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Three As of Motivation

• Achievement tangible / intangible
• Affiliation social glue
• Aggression
• Overview by perspective

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Emotions

• Feeling states ?l, behavioral, cognitive
  components.
• Paul Ekman Facial Feedback Hypothesis
• Stereotypical facial expressions
• Facial expressions reflect emotional states,
  recognition allows us to interact.
• Current work (NYC Police Dept. Homeland Sec)

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Theories of Emotion

• James-Lange Theory emotions follow
• consistent with Facial Feedback Hypothesis
• smile happy feelings (yes / no?)
• Cannon-Bard Theory simultaneous
• Theory of Cognitive Appraisal thinking
• Commonsense Theory

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Lie Detectors

• Do they really detect lies?
• Sympathetic Arousal
• BP, heartrate, respiration, perspiration
• Legal Court Vs. Court of Public Opinion
• Can you deceive a lie detector test?