Title: Outcome in 2006 and Outlook of FNCA Nuclear Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in As
1Outcome in 2006 and Outlook of FNCA Nuclear
Science and Technology for Sustainable
Development in Asia
Sueo MACHI FNCA Coordinator of Japan
1/26
2FNCA(Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia)
Participating Countries Australia,
Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam
FNCA Vision Statement (adopted 2000)
Ministerial Level
The FNCA is to be recognized as an effective
mechanism for enhancing socioeconomic development
through active regional partnership in the
peaceful and safe utilization of nuclear
technology.
Senior Official
Coordinator (one in each country)
FNCA Meeting
Coordinators Meeting
Project Leader
12 Projects
2/26
3Project Activities (1)
- R and D for Application
- Research Reactor Utilization
- - Tc-99m Generator
- - Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA)
- - Research Reactor Technology (RRT)
- Application for Agriculture
- - Mutation Breeding
- - Biofertilizar
- Application for Medical care
- - Radiation Oncology
- - Cyclotron and PET in Medicine
- Industrial Application
- - Electron Beam Processing
3/26
4Project Activities (2)
- Crosscutting Basic Activities
- Radioactive Waste Management
- Nuclear Safety Culture
- Public Information
- Human Resources Development
- Panel on Role of Nuclear Energy for Sustainable
Development in Asia
4/26
5 1. Research Reactor ApplicationIndigenous
Tc-99m Generator Production for Nuclear Medicine
- Advantage low production cost using existing
own reactor, not using enriched uranium - Operation of demonstration of PZC-Mo-99 column
production in Indonesia since 2004 - Achievement of QA/QC of the products for clinical
use in 2005 - Feasibility study led to the plan of commercial
facilities in the Philippines, Indonesia,
Malaysia and Viet Nam in 2006
Gamma Camera Imaging
Loading machine
Example of Tc-99m application for detection of
bone cancer (red parts)
Tc-99m Generator
PZC-Mo-99 column production
5/26
6Comparison with Conventional fission technology
- Fission of enriched U-235
- 235U(n,f)99Mo 99mTc
- High specific activity 10,000 Ci/g99Mo
- High cost US
57/Ci99Mo - Large quantity of waste Sr, Zr, Ru, I, Xe, Cs,
Nd - Neutron activation of natural Mo-98
- 98Mo(n,?)99Mo 99mTc
- Low specific activity 2 Ci/g99Mo
- Low cost US 0.83/Ci99Mo
- Less waste generation lt 5 of fission method
- No proliferation risk
-
6/26
72. Applications for Improved Agriculture2-1.
Mutation Breeding of Plants
- New varieties of drought tolerant sorghum and
soybean have been developed in China, Indonesia,
the Philippines and Viet Nam - Under development
- Insect resistant orchid, 2003 (Thailand,
Malaysia, Indonesia) - Disease resistant banana, 2004 (Indonesia,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Viet Nam)
Parent
Mutants
B-100
B-95
B-72
B-68
Durra
National Nuclear Energy Agency, BATAN, Indonesia
7/26
82-2. Bio-fertilizer for Increasing Plant Yields
Less expensive and no pollution
- Radiation for sterilization of carriers of
micro-organism betterQA/QC and shelf life - Field demonstration for groundnuts in Viet Nam,
corn in the Philippines, soybean in Thailand, oil
palm in Malaysia, wheat in China to get better
yields - Extension to farmers by strategic demonstration
in less fertile soil in 2006
8/26
9Yield Increase from the Results of Field
Demonstrations
9/26
10 3. Application for Medical Care 3-1 Radiation
Therapy of Cancer
- 1.Uterine Cervix Cancer
- Protocol of treatment was published. 5 years
survival rate 53 - Hyper fractionated radiation treatment (new
protocol) 5 years survival rate 73 - Chemo-radiotherapy clinical test started in 2004.
- 2. Head and Neck Cancer
- Clinical test started in 2005.
- 3. Improvement of QA/QC in radiation
brachytherapy (2003-) - Field survey by medical physicists
satisfactory results
Problem Shortage of therapy machines and experts
Radiation Therapy for Cervical Cancer
10/26
11Results of RT / CRT for Advanced Cervical Cancer
11/26
123-2 Cyclotron and PET in Medicine ( Lead
Country Malaysia)
- Positron Emission Tomography (PET) started in
2005 - WS held 2006 in KL, attended by 31 experts from
8 countries - Detection of early cancer
- Staging of the disease
- Evaluation of the response to therapy
- Detection of the recurrence prognosis
- Objectives Research and training on PET image
reading for - diagnosis, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, and
maintenance of instruments
PET-CT Image (Ovarian cancer)
Equipments for Clinical PET Imaging
Self-shielded Cyclotron
Radiopharmaceuticals production (18F-FDG)
12/26
134. Application of Electron Beams (EB)
- Engineering studies of low energy electron beams
(EB) applications in liquid, thin film and gas
have been completed in 2005. - Specific EB applications is focused on radiation
degradation and cross-linking of natural
polymers, such as chitosan, carageenan and starch
to produce plant growth promoter and medical
hydrogel (2006-2008).
2005 Workshop in Korea Pilot plant of Wastewater
Treatment by EB
Electron beam application for hydrogel production
(Malaysia)
13/26
145. Nuclear Safety Culture(Lead Country
Australia)
- Enhancement of Nuclear Safety Culture
- Policy and
- Management/ Practice
- Peer Review of Research Reactor Safety Culture by
Experts in Viet Nam, Korea, Indonesia and
Malaysia from 2002 to 2006. Recommendations were
well taken into account for improvement.
Peer Review of Research Reactor of BATAN in
Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2005
14/26
156. Public Information of Nuclear Energyfor
Better Public Acceptance
Interview by Vietnam national TV stadium
- Training of nuclear communicators (2004-)
- Public information seminar in Indonesia (2006)
- Regional Speakers Bureau services for PI
meetings in Malaysia and the Philippines (2001-) - PI Seminar on FNCA activities in Japan
(2005,2006) - Round table discussion with media in Indonesia
jointly with IAEA (2006) - Study on national PI strategy (2005-)
Public Seminar for nuclear power in Indonesia,
Jakarta, 2006
15/26
167. Panel on Role of Nuclear Energy for
Sustainable Development in Asia
1st Panel Mtg. Oct. 2004 Tokyo 2nd Panel Mtg.
Jan. 2006 Tokyo 3rd Panel Mtg. Nov. 2006 Tsuruga
- (1) Medium and long term energy demand/supply
strategy in the region of FNCA countries - (2) Expanding demand of energy and very limited
reserve of fossil fuels in the Asian region - (3) Countermeasures for the shortage of fossil
fuel reserve - (4) Roles of nuclear energy for energy security
and mitigation of global warming - (5) Issues on the introduction of nuclear power
- - Economic analysis and finance scheme
- - Public acceptance
- - HRD
- - Safety and security assurance
16/26
17Proposal for Joint Projects of FNCA and
RCA/IAEA
-
- 1. Radiation processing for adding values of
natural polymers - - aiming to achieve commercial application -
- 2. Radiation therapy of cancer
- - aiming to develop improved, more effective,
protocol focusing on chemo-radiotherapy of
cervix cancer
17/26
18 1. Radiation processing for adding values of
natural polymers- aiming to achieve commercial
application in industrial scale -
- Objective
- To achieve commercial scale application of
radiation processing of natural polymers, in
particular -
- 1) carrageenan,
- 2) chitosan, and
- 3) starch
- to produce value added products in member
countries.
18/26
19- Joint Implementation Plan
- (1) Joint workshop in first half of 2007
- - To review current status and problems to
introduce and/or expand the commercial
application in terms of - a) product properties, quantity and
potential markets, - b) process design, and
- c) cost reduction
-
- Focusing on production of 1) wound dressing, 2)
water absorbent, 3) plant growth promoter or
elicitor, - 4) environmental remediation materials
from carrageenan, starch and chitosan -
- - To define a few priority products and
natural polymers as model projects and a few
groups of countries to jointly implement the
projects - -continued-
19/26
20- (2) Joint workshop of project groups for each
model projects in 2nd half of 2007 - - To formulate specific implementation plan,
including work-sharing among members and joint
RD work at selected laboratories if necessary - (3) Implementation of agreed plan in member
countries - (4) Joint workshop of project groups in 2008-2009
- - To design optimum radiation processing
plant and its construction plan based on
results in 2007-2008 - - To study market size of products and
formulate strategy for marketing
20/26
21- Administration
- (1) Joint workshop should be supported by both
FNCA and RCA. Member of experts for project
implementation should be commonly nominated by
each member country. - (2) Joint RD work at selected laboratories
should be supported by IAEA Fellowship Program
and Nuclear Researcher Exchange Program of MEXT. - (3) Knowledge and experience of industrial
application of hydrogel wound dressing production
by radiation processing in Japan developed by
joint work of JAEA-Takasaki and the Nichiban Co.
will be used as much as possible for the joint
projects. - (4) Linkage with industry, user of the
technology, should be established as early as
possible to enhance industrial application.
21/26
22Possible Targets of RD
22/26
232. Radiation Therapy of Cancer
- Objective
- Protocol study for chemo-radiotherapy of
- cervix cancer to improve efficacy of therapy
- - RCA countries are encouraged to join the
protocol study of cervix cancer which started in
2007 in FNCA countries - - Number of registrations of patients will be
increased by participation of RCA countries - - Development of new improved protocol will
benefit both FNCA and RCA countries
23/26
24- Actions
- 1. Dr. Tsujii, Japanese leader of the FNCA
project on radiation oncology will attend the RCA
workshop in 2007 by invitation to introduce the
protocol for implementation of clinical trial. - 2. RCA experts are welcome to participate in the
annual FNCA workshop on radiation oncology after
2007 for discussion and exchanging information
about results of clinical trials. - 3. Result of the FNCA protocol studies on
radiation and chemo-radiotherapy of uterine
cervix cancer will be transferred to RCA Member
States through training courses supported by FNCA
experts.
24/26
25Complementarity of FNCA and RCA in Radiotherapy
- FNCA Protocol study to develop improved
radiotherapy and QA/QC study of - radiotherapy
- RCA Training of radiation therapists,
- medical physicists, and technicians
25/26
26Coordination of FNCA with RCA/ IAEA Program
(1) Mr. K. M. Choi, Director of RCA Regional
Office in Korea visited Dr. Machi, FNCA
Coordinator of Japan on 27 Oct. 2005. (2) Dr.
Machi attended RCA National Representative
Meeting, Mar. 2006 (3) Dr. Dias, RCA Focal
Person attended 8th FNCA Coordinator Meeting,
Feb. 2007 (4) Dr.Machi visited Mr.Choi at RCARO
in Mar. 2007 to discuss on possible cooperation
between RCA and FNCA
- Points of common understanding
- FNCA and RCA are complimentary and can have a
synergy - FNCA implements specific RD projects and
activities to enhance nuclear applications by
sharing works and experiences - RCA is effective mechanism for trainings,
workshops, expert services to enhance technology
transfer for applications - FNCA and RCA will further share specific results
for common benefits
FNCA proposed joint activities with RCA in 2006
on electron beam application and radiotherapy to
be accepted by RCA-GM
26/26
27Thank you !