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Outcome in 2006 and Outlook of FNCA Nuclear Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in As

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Title: Outcome in 2006 and Outlook of FNCA Nuclear Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in As


1
Outcome in 2006 and Outlook of FNCA Nuclear
Science and Technology for Sustainable
Development in Asia
Sueo MACHI FNCA Coordinator of Japan
1/26
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FNCA(Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia)
Participating Countries Australia,
Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea,
Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam
FNCA Vision Statement (adopted 2000)
Ministerial Level
The FNCA is to be recognized as an effective
mechanism for enhancing socioeconomic development
through active regional partnership in the
peaceful and safe utilization of nuclear
technology.
Senior Official
Coordinator (one in each country)
FNCA Meeting
Coordinators Meeting
Project Leader
12 Projects
2/26
3
Project Activities (1)
  • R and D for Application
  • Research Reactor Utilization
  • - Tc-99m Generator
  • - Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA)
  • - Research Reactor Technology (RRT)
  • Application for Agriculture
  • - Mutation Breeding
  • - Biofertilizar
  • Application for Medical care
  • - Radiation Oncology
  • - Cyclotron and PET in Medicine
  • Industrial Application
  • - Electron Beam Processing

3/26
4
Project Activities (2)
  • Crosscutting Basic Activities
  • Radioactive Waste Management
  • Nuclear Safety Culture
  • Public Information
  • Human Resources Development
  • Panel on Role of Nuclear Energy for Sustainable
    Development in Asia

4/26
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1. Research Reactor ApplicationIndigenous
Tc-99m Generator Production for Nuclear Medicine
  • Advantage low production cost using existing
    own reactor, not using enriched uranium
  • Operation of demonstration of PZC-Mo-99 column
    production in Indonesia since 2004
  • Achievement of QA/QC of the products for clinical
    use in 2005
  • Feasibility study led to the plan of commercial
    facilities in the Philippines, Indonesia,
    Malaysia and Viet Nam in 2006

Gamma Camera Imaging
Loading machine
Example of Tc-99m application for detection of
bone cancer (red parts)
Tc-99m Generator
PZC-Mo-99 column production
5/26
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Comparison with Conventional fission technology
  • Fission of enriched U-235
  • 235U(n,f)99Mo 99mTc
  • High specific activity 10,000 Ci/g99Mo
  • High cost US
    57/Ci99Mo
  • Large quantity of waste Sr, Zr, Ru, I, Xe, Cs,
    Nd
  • Neutron activation of natural Mo-98
  • 98Mo(n,?)99Mo 99mTc
  • Low specific activity 2 Ci/g99Mo
  • Low cost US 0.83/Ci99Mo
  • Less waste generation lt 5 of fission method
  • No proliferation risk

6/26
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2. Applications for Improved Agriculture2-1.
Mutation Breeding of Plants
  • New varieties of drought tolerant sorghum and
    soybean have been developed in China, Indonesia,
    the Philippines and Viet Nam
  • Under development
  • Insect resistant orchid, 2003 (Thailand,
    Malaysia, Indonesia)
  • Disease resistant banana, 2004 (Indonesia,
    Malaysia, the Philippines, Viet Nam)

Parent
Mutants
B-100
B-95
B-72
B-68
Durra
National Nuclear Energy Agency, BATAN, Indonesia
7/26
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2-2. Bio-fertilizer for Increasing Plant Yields
Less expensive and no pollution
  • Radiation for sterilization of carriers of
    micro-organism betterQA/QC and shelf life
  • Field demonstration for groundnuts in Viet Nam,
    corn in the Philippines, soybean in Thailand, oil
    palm in Malaysia, wheat in China to get better
    yields
  • Extension to farmers by strategic demonstration
    in less fertile soil in 2006

8/26
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Yield Increase from the Results of Field
Demonstrations
9/26
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3. Application for Medical Care 3-1 Radiation
Therapy of Cancer
  • 1.Uterine Cervix Cancer
  • Protocol of treatment was published. 5 years
    survival rate 53
  • Hyper fractionated radiation treatment (new
    protocol) 5 years survival rate 73
  • Chemo-radiotherapy clinical test started in 2004.
  • 2. Head and Neck Cancer
  • Clinical test started in 2005.
  • 3. Improvement of QA/QC in radiation
    brachytherapy (2003-)
  • Field survey by medical physicists
    satisfactory results

Problem Shortage of therapy machines and experts
Radiation Therapy for Cervical Cancer
10/26
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Results of RT / CRT for Advanced Cervical Cancer
11/26
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3-2 Cyclotron and PET in Medicine ( Lead
Country Malaysia)
  • Positron Emission Tomography (PET) started in
    2005
  • WS held 2006 in KL, attended by 31 experts from
    8 countries
  • Detection of early cancer
  • Staging of the disease
  • Evaluation of the response to therapy
  • Detection of the recurrence prognosis
  • Objectives Research and training on PET image
    reading for
  • diagnosis, synthesis of pharmaceuticals, and
    maintenance of instruments

PET-CT Image (Ovarian cancer)
Equipments for Clinical PET Imaging
Self-shielded Cyclotron
Radiopharmaceuticals production (18F-FDG)
12/26
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4. Application of Electron Beams (EB)
  • Engineering studies of low energy electron beams
    (EB) applications in liquid, thin film and gas
    have been completed in 2005.
  • Specific EB applications is focused on radiation
    degradation and cross-linking of natural
    polymers, such as chitosan, carageenan and starch
    to produce plant growth promoter and medical
    hydrogel (2006-2008).

2005 Workshop in Korea Pilot plant of Wastewater
Treatment by EB
Electron beam application for hydrogel production
(Malaysia)
13/26
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5. Nuclear Safety Culture(Lead Country
Australia)
  • Enhancement of Nuclear Safety Culture
  • Policy and
  • Management/ Practice
  • Peer Review of Research Reactor Safety Culture by
    Experts in Viet Nam, Korea, Indonesia and
    Malaysia from 2002 to 2006. Recommendations were
    well taken into account for improvement.

Peer Review of Research Reactor of BATAN in
Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2005
14/26
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6. Public Information of Nuclear Energyfor
Better Public Acceptance
Interview by Vietnam national TV stadium
  • Training of nuclear communicators (2004-)
  • Public information seminar in Indonesia (2006)
  • Regional Speakers Bureau services for PI
    meetings in Malaysia and the Philippines (2001-)
  • PI Seminar on FNCA activities in Japan
    (2005,2006)
  • Round table discussion with media in Indonesia
    jointly with IAEA (2006)
  • Study on national PI strategy (2005-)

Public Seminar for nuclear power in Indonesia,
Jakarta, 2006
15/26
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7. Panel on Role of Nuclear Energy for
Sustainable Development in Asia
1st Panel Mtg. Oct. 2004 Tokyo 2nd Panel Mtg.
Jan. 2006 Tokyo 3rd Panel Mtg. Nov. 2006 Tsuruga
  • (1) Medium and long term energy demand/supply
    strategy in the region of FNCA countries
  • (2) Expanding demand of energy and very limited
    reserve of fossil fuels in the Asian region
  • (3) Countermeasures for the shortage of fossil
    fuel reserve
  • (4) Roles of nuclear energy for energy security
    and mitigation of global warming
  • (5) Issues on the introduction of nuclear power
  • - Economic analysis and finance scheme
  • - Public acceptance
  • - HRD
  • - Safety and security assurance

16/26
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Proposal for Joint Projects of FNCA and
RCA/IAEA
  • 1. Radiation processing for adding values of
    natural polymers
  • - aiming to achieve commercial application -
  • 2. Radiation therapy of cancer
  • - aiming to develop improved, more effective,
    protocol focusing on chemo-radiotherapy of
    cervix cancer

17/26
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1. Radiation processing for adding values of
natural polymers- aiming to achieve commercial
application in industrial scale -
  • Objective
  • To achieve commercial scale application of
    radiation processing of natural polymers, in
    particular
  • 1) carrageenan,
  • 2) chitosan, and
  • 3) starch
  • to produce value added products in member
    countries.

18/26
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  • Joint Implementation Plan
  • (1) Joint workshop in first half of 2007
  • - To review current status and problems to
    introduce and/or expand the commercial
    application in terms of
  • a) product properties, quantity and
    potential markets,
  • b) process design, and
  • c) cost reduction
  • Focusing on production of 1) wound dressing, 2)
    water absorbent, 3) plant growth promoter or
    elicitor,
  • 4) environmental remediation materials
    from carrageenan, starch and chitosan
  • - To define a few priority products and
    natural polymers as model projects and a few
    groups of countries to jointly implement the
    projects
  • -continued-

19/26
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  • (2) Joint workshop of project groups for each
    model projects in 2nd half of 2007
  • - To formulate specific implementation plan,
    including work-sharing among members and joint
    RD work at selected laboratories if necessary
  • (3) Implementation of agreed plan in member
    countries
  • (4) Joint workshop of project groups in 2008-2009
  • - To design optimum radiation processing
    plant and its construction plan based on
    results in 2007-2008
  • - To study market size of products and
    formulate strategy for marketing

20/26
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  • Administration
  • (1) Joint workshop should be supported by both
    FNCA and RCA. Member of experts for project
    implementation should be commonly nominated by
    each member country.
  • (2) Joint RD work at selected laboratories
    should be supported by IAEA Fellowship Program
    and Nuclear Researcher Exchange Program of MEXT.
  • (3) Knowledge and experience of industrial
    application of hydrogel wound dressing production
    by radiation processing in Japan developed by
    joint work of JAEA-Takasaki and the Nichiban Co.
    will be used as much as possible for the joint
    projects.
  • (4) Linkage with industry, user of the
    technology, should be established as early as
    possible to enhance industrial application.

21/26
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Possible Targets of RD
22/26
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2. Radiation Therapy of Cancer
  • Objective
  • Protocol study for chemo-radiotherapy of
  • cervix cancer to improve efficacy of therapy
  • - RCA countries are encouraged to join the
    protocol study of cervix cancer which started in
    2007 in FNCA countries
  • - Number of registrations of patients will be
    increased by participation of RCA countries
  • - Development of new improved protocol will
    benefit both FNCA and RCA countries

23/26
24
  • Actions
  • 1. Dr. Tsujii, Japanese leader of the FNCA
    project on radiation oncology will attend the RCA
    workshop in 2007 by invitation to introduce the
    protocol for implementation of clinical trial.
  • 2. RCA experts are welcome to participate in the
    annual FNCA workshop on radiation oncology after
    2007 for discussion and exchanging information
    about results of clinical trials.
  • 3. Result of the FNCA protocol studies on
    radiation and chemo-radiotherapy of uterine
    cervix cancer will be transferred to RCA Member
    States through training courses supported by FNCA
    experts.

24/26
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Complementarity of FNCA and RCA in Radiotherapy
  • FNCA Protocol study to develop improved
    radiotherapy and QA/QC study of
  • radiotherapy
  • RCA Training of radiation therapists,
  • medical physicists, and technicians

25/26
26
Coordination of FNCA with RCA/ IAEA Program
(1) Mr. K. M. Choi, Director of RCA Regional
Office in Korea visited Dr. Machi, FNCA
Coordinator of Japan on 27 Oct. 2005. (2) Dr.
Machi attended RCA National Representative
Meeting, Mar. 2006 (3) Dr. Dias, RCA Focal
Person attended 8th FNCA Coordinator Meeting,
Feb. 2007 (4) Dr.Machi visited Mr.Choi at RCARO
in Mar. 2007 to discuss on possible cooperation
between RCA and FNCA
  • Points of common understanding
  • FNCA and RCA are complimentary and can have a
    synergy
  • FNCA implements specific RD projects and
    activities to enhance nuclear applications by
    sharing works and experiences
  • RCA is effective mechanism for trainings,
    workshops, expert services to enhance technology
    transfer for applications
  • FNCA and RCA will further share specific results
    for common benefits

FNCA proposed joint activities with RCA in 2006
on electron beam application and radiotherapy to
be accepted by RCA-GM
26/26
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Thank you !
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