Aristotle

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Aristotle

• Evan Thomas
• Brian McClain

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Aristotle's view on elements

• Aristotle's best known philosophical theory is
  that ideal forms or ideas, such as truth or good
  are made up and not in the material world.
• A geocentric(literally meaning-earth center) was
  developed by Aristotle thinking that our earth is
  the center of the universe

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Aristotle's view on elements

• According to Aristotle, the "golden mean" is the
  desirable middle ground between any two extremes.

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(Shows how the elements and their qualities are
arranged and related)
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Aristotle's diagram

• All substances were combinations of elements and
  qualities. The elements are fire, water, earth,
  and air.
• Aristotle added later another "element" - Ether
  which was a perfect substance an what the
  heavenly bodies are composed of
• The qualities are hot, cold, wet, dry.

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Democritus
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Democritus

• The concept of the smallest particle was
  developed in the 5th centruy BC by Leucippus.
  Democritus developed five major points that their
  theory was based upon. Historians have discovered
  this from the quotes of other Greeks (most of the
  original documents by Leucippus and Democritus
  have been lost). In the 4th centruy BC, the well
  known philosopher Aristotle argued that the
  atomic theory was completely incorrect and was
  dismissed by scientists for many decades.

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5 points by Democritus

• Point 1 - All matter is made up of undividable
  particles called atoms.
• Point 2 - There is a void, which is empty space
  between atoms.
• Point 3 - Atoms are completely solid.
• Point 4 - Atoms are homogeneous, with no
  internal structure.

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• Point 5 - Atoms vary in 1) Size 2) Shape. 3)
  Weight

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Dalton

• It was in the early 1800s that John Dalton, an
  observer of weather and discoverer of color
  blindness among other things, came up with his
  atomic theory.

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Daltons Findings

• In 1803 Dalton noted that oxygen and carbon
  combined to make two compounds.  Of course, each
  had its own weight ratio of oxygen to carbon
  (1.331 and 2.661), but also, for the same
  amount of carbon, one had exactly twice as much
  oxygen as the other

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Daltons Findings

• This led him to propose the Law of Simple
  Multiple Proportions, which was later verified by
  the Swedish chemist Berzelius. In an attempt to
  explain how and why elements would combine with
  one another in fixed ratios and sometimes also in
  multiples of those ratios, Dalton formulated his
  atomic theory.

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Daltons Model

• Dalton's model was that the atoms were tiny,
  indivisible, indestructible particles and that
  each one had a certain mass, size, and chemical
  behavior that was determined by what kind of
  element they were.