M422 Java Technology for the Mobile Enterprise

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M422Java Technology for the Mobile Enterprise

• Martyn Mallick
• Wireless Solutions Evangelist
• iAnywhere Solutions
• mmallick_at_ianywhere.com

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Agenda

• Introduction
• Mobile Application Overview
• Which Java When?
• Java on the Server ? J2EE
• Java on the Client ? J2SE, J2ME
• Summary

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iAnywhere Solutions

• Complete m-Business Platform
• One-stop source for developingand deploying
  m-Business solutions
• Market Leader
• 68 mobile database market share
• 700 application partners and 10,000 corporate
  customers
• 6 million deployed technology licenses
• Global Presence
• Leverage Sybase resources and channels
• Offices in 44 countries around the world

Source Gartner Groups Dataquest, August 2001
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Java Introduction Java Editions

• J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition)
• Enterprise Servers
• e.g. EJBs, JSPs, Servlets, etc
• J2SE (Java 2 Standard Edition)
• Workstation and Desktops computers
• Foundation for the PersonalJava Application
  Environment
• e.g. Applets, Applications, JavaBeans, etc
• J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition)
• Reduced memory consumer electronics and Internet
  appliances
• e.g. Applications, Applets, MIDlets, etc

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Introduction Why Java?

• Java is a good language for software engineering,
  pure object model and lack of pointers eliminate
  errors and increase productivity
• Provides flexibility over C/C to single purpose
  devices enabling easy configuration of
  functionality and programmability
• Java built-in standardized communication
  facilities, with TCP/IP serialization and
  reflectivity built into the the language is the
  first programming language to seamlessly support
  data communications
• Java has a single source for the language and API
  editions assuring developers that Java stays
  focused and standardized
• Large and growing community of developers

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Agenda

• Introduction
• Mobile Application Overview
• Which Java When?
• Java on the Server ? J2EE
• Java on the Client ? J2SE, J2ME
• Summary

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Mobile Application Overview

• Current mobile applications face many challenges
• Unpredictable Wireless network coverage
• Time to Market due to complex nature of wireless
  solutions
• Wireless networks are inefficient and expensive
• Device Support and Battery Life
• Enterprises require an Always Available solution

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iAnywhere m-Business Platform
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Agenda

• Introduction
• Mobile Application Overview
• Which Java When?
• Java on the Server ? J2EE
• Java on the Client ? J2SE, J2ME
• Summary

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Which Java When?

• All three Java specifications can play a part in
  creating mobile and wireless applications
• Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)
• Java 2 Standard Edition (J2SE)
• Java 2 Micro Edition (J2ME)

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Which Java When?
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Wireless Internet Characteristics J2EE based
applications

• Browser based applications
• No deployment required
• Dynamic content
• Multiple devices
• Many different browsers
• Many different markup languages
• Messaging
• Notifications and alerts
• Integrated business logic
• Logic remains on server platform

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Which Java When? J2EE Overview

• Superset of J2SE geared for enterprise
  applications
• Built for server applications that require
  performance, scalability and enterprise
  integration
• Client support provided using Java Servlets and
  Java Server Pages
• Component based development using Enterprise
  JavaBeans (EJB)
• Messaging provided by Java Message Service (JMS)

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Which Java When? J2EE Architecture
JSPEngine
JDBC
JavaMail
HTTP Server
Servlet Container
JNDI Server
EJB Server
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Addressing Wireless Complexity

• Wireless Application Servers
• Based on open standards (eg. J2EE)
• Reduce development complexity
• Target multiple devices and content types
• HDML, WML, HTML, CHTML, VoiceXML
• Identify type of device and micro-browser
• Display content appropriate for each device
• Leverage existing assets
• Enterprise Database Systems
• Business Applications
• Messaging systems

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iAnywhere Wireless Server What it Offers

• Reduced development complexity
• Global data members
• Extends capabilities of Java Servlets/JSPs
• Device identification
• Parallel content with single URL
• Application management
• Session management
• User authentication
• Flow management

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iAnywhere Wireless Server What it Offers

• Servlet and JSP support
• Servlet class library and JSP tag library geared
  at wireless application development
• Enterprise data integration
• JDBC/ODBC
• Custom adapters
• XML
• Servlet, JSP and XML/XSL development

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Message Anywhere What it Offers

• JMS access to Mobile Messaging systems
• Application to Application Messaging
• SMS
• HDML Alerts
• WAP Push
• E-mail
• Paging Networks
• Higher-level messaging services
• Priority
• Personalization
• Message expiry
• Message status

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Smart Client Characteristics J2SE, J2ME based
applications

• Persistent data
• Mobile data store
• High-performance data access
• Data Synchronization
• Integration with the Enterprise
• Messaging
• Push important data to mobile devices
• Rich user experience
• Contains business logic
• Sophisticated User Interface
• Pocket PC, Palm OS, Symbian OS, RIM, Linux

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Which Java When? J2SE Overview

• J2SE targets traditional Java applications
• Stand alone applications
• Applets running in a web browser
• Core set of classes that existed before the
  separation into three editions
• Component support provided by JavaBeans
  specification
• Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) for a variety of
  clients

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Which Java When? J2SE Overview
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Which Java When? J2SE Overview

• Java Runtime Environment (JRE) for J2SE has a
  footprint of 3-4 MB
• For Mobile Clients, we need to have a smaller JRE
• Some PDAs can have as little as 2 MB of total
  memory, a 3-4 MB JRE is too large
• PersonalJava can help solve this problem

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Which Java When? PersonalJava

• PersonalJava Application Environment (PJAE)
• Introduced in 1997 to bring Java to
  resource-limited devices
• Components
• A J2SE Java Virtual Machine
• An optimized set of java class libraries suited
  for mobile devices (The PersonalJava API)
• Reference Implementations
• Windows CE

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Which Java When? PersonalJava PJAE Classes

• A subset of the J2SE JDK APIs (some packages are
  optional)
• New APIs for mouseless environments, remote
  controlled systems, and managing timer events
• Preloaded ROMable classes minimize the memory
  footprint
• PersonalJava 3.0.1 includes support for JNI,
  JVMDI, and JVMPI

PJAE
New PJAE-Specific classes
J2SE
Optional J2SE Classes
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Which Java When? PersonalJava Device
Requirements

• Memory
• ROM lt2MB
• RAM 1MB
• Processor
• 32-bit gt50 MHz
• Connectivity
• Connectivity to some type of network
• Display\Interface
• Robust graphical user interface (AWT)
• Character data entry capability

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Which Java When? J2ME Introduction

• J2ME apps are built upon three vital components
• Configurations for core functionality
• Profiles for additional functionality
• Optional packages extending profile functionality

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Which Java When? J2ME Overview

• A configuration contains either a KVM or CVM with
  a minimal set of APIs to define a broad platform
  of devices
• A profile sits on top of a configuration and adds
  additional APIs to make a complete platform for a
  narrower set of devices

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Which Java When? J2ME Overview

• Similar application architecture to J2SE
• Targeted at the consumer device market
• Ranging from Smart Cards to Wireless Devices
• leverage Java programming language
• Code portability
• Upward scalability with J2SE and J2EE

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Which Java When? J2ME Overview

• There are various J2ME technologies
• Connected Limited Device Configuration (CDLC) and
  Connected Device Configuration (CDC)
• Lowest common denominator
• Building Block on which profiles are created
• Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP), PDA
  Profile, Foundation Profile, Personal Profile and
  Personal Basis Profile

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Which Java When? J2ME CDC

• CDC is designed for higher-end electronic and
  embedded devices.
• Used in devices requiring a full-featured Java
  VM, but with a smaller footprint.
• Reference Implementations
• Linux, Solaris, Windows 2000

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Which Java When? CDC - The CVM Virtual Machine

• Full-featured Java VM with a smaller footprint
  supporting
• Java 2 Platform version 1.3 VM functionality
• libraries for security, weak references, JNI, and
  JVMDI
• Class footprint is approx. 40 smaller than J2SE
  and 17 smaller than PersonalJava

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Which Java When? J2ME Personal Profile

• This profile is based on the PersonalJava
  application environment and will eventually
  replace PersonalJava.
• This profile extends the Foundation profile with
  classes necessary to run PersonalJava
  applications within a CDC configuration. These
  additions focus primarily on the addition of user
  interface classes.

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Which Java When? J2ME CDC Device Requirements
- Application Requirements Additional
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Which Java When? J2ME Benefits

• Java Smart Client applications can now fit onto
  constrained devices
• More advanced profiles such as Personal Profile
  provides the same capabilities as
  J2SE/PersonalJava based clients
• Mobile Data Storage
• Data Synchronization
• Messaging
• Rich User Interface

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Smart Client Key Benefits Mobile Data Store

• Reliable data access
• Make an informed business decision
• Capture business information when it occurs
• High-performance data access
• Guaranteed transactional reliability for your
  mission critical data
• Authentication and strong encryption to prevent
  unauthorized access to data

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Smart Client Key Benefits Synchronization

• Integration with Enterprise
• Bi-directional data communication
• Security
• Built-in authentication
• 128-bit encryption of communication stream
• Support for subsetting / partitioning of data
• Scalable to thousands of remote users
• Conflict detection and resolution
• Error handling

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Addressing Data Communications Concerns
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Adaptive Server Anywhere Broad Support for Java

• Support for Java Virtual Machine in Database
• Table definitions in Java
• Java classes to contain logic
• Stored procedures can be written in Java
• Type 4 JDBC Driver
• jConnect
• J2SE applications can be created to use ASA

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UltraLite for Java 100 Pure Java Data Store

• Customized for Handhelds
• UltraLite deployment option for SQL Anywhere
  Studio
• Ideal for light-weight deployments
• Resides on the mobile device
• Application-optimized footprint as small as 50K
• Advantages of SQL
• PersonalJava/J2ME applications can be created to
  use UltraLite for Java

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UltraLite for Java 100 Pure Java Data Store

• 100 pure Java port of the UltraLite technology
• Uses Java 2 (JDK 1.2 or higher) and Java 1.1.x
  (JDK 1.1.4 or higher)
• Components
• - UltraLite JDBC Driver
• - UltraLite Runtime (ulrt.jar)
• - Generated UltraLite Database

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Native UltraLite for Java

• Developed for Insignia Jeode Java VM running on
  PocketPC
• Internally uses Java Native Interface (JNI)
• How is it different from Java UltraLite?
• Java UltraLite pure Java solution targeted for
  multiple platforms running a Java VM
• Native UL for Java you still would like to use
  Java but your application requires the
  performance of a native library (currently test
  on Jeode platform on PocketPC)

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Native UltraLite for Java

• Supports Windows NT and CE ARM hand-held devices
  including Compaq iPAQ and NEC MobilePro P300
• Jeode runtime required (comes with some devices)
• Steps to create app similar to other components
• Create database schema file
• Write java code
• Deploy application include jul8.dll and
  jul8.jar files

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MobiLink Data Synchronization

• Synchronize to industry standard databases
• Oracle8, Microsoft SQL Server, IBM DB2 UDB,
  Sybase ASE, Sybase ASA
• Synchronization logic can be written in Java
• Security
• Built-in authentication, encryption of datastream
• Support for subsetting of data
• Support for horizontal and vertical partitioning
  of data
• Scalable
• Support for thousands of remote users
• All synchronization is bi-directional

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Application Management Manage Anywhere Studio

• Centralized management of hardware and
  applications for mobile and remote systems
• Reduce Costs
• Centralize software installation / configuration,
  distribution and inventory
• Reduce support/help desk calls
• Simplify and Speed Deployments
• Centralize task scheduling and task management
• Automate application installs and upgrades
• Protect Investment
• Deploy and schedule virus protection updates to
  all systems
• Protect system configurations such as VPN
  settings, or dialup networking settings

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Which Java When? Going even smaller

• The Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) is
  designed to support devices with minimal display
  capabilities such as cell phones and smaller
  PDAs.
• Targeted Device Requirements
• ROM 128KB (app. requirements additional)
• RAM 40KB (app. requirements additional)
• Connectivity
• Two-way wireless networking capability
• Display\Interface
• 96x54 pixels
• Character data entry capability

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Which Java When? MIDP - Architecture

• MIDP applications are programmed as MIDlets.
• MIDlets are screen-based applications providing a
  simple user interface.
• The Record Management System (RMS) API provides a
  mechanism for storing and retrieving data in MIDP
  applications.
• Basic form of data storage
• Synchronization is still required

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Java Smart Client Overview
Classes outside of J2SE include the
javax.microedition package
J2SE
MIDP (CLDC)
Personal Profile (CDC)
PersonalJava
The CDC classes are a superset of the CLDC
configuration classes. CDLC applications will
execute in a CDC application environment.
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Agenda

• Introduction
• Mobile Application Overview
• Which Java When?
• Java on the Server ? J2EE
• Java on the Client ? J2SE, J2ME
• Summary

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Summary Smart Client vs. Thin Client

• Smart Client
• Some business logic may reside within the client
• Updates require client redistribution
• Occasionally-Connected
• Synchronizations are required
• e.g. Java Application

• Thin Client
• All business logic is invoked from a server
• Updates do not require client redistribution
• Always-Connected
• Synchronizations are not required
• e.g. Java Server Page

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Summary iAnywhere Solutions Platform

• iAnywhere Solutions m-Business Platform has
  extensive Java support
• J2EE Wireless Framework as part of iAnywhere
  Wireless Server
• Advanced mobile messaging using Message Anywhere
• Broad support for Java in Adaptive Server
  Anywhere
• Pure Java UltraLite mobile datastore
• Java interface into UltraLite Component Suite
• MobiLink enterprise synchronization
• You can roll out enterprise Always Available
  Java applications today.

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M422Java Technology for the Mobile Enterprise

• Martyn Mallick
• Wireless Solutions Evangelist
• iAnywhere Solutions
• mmallick_at_ianywhere.com