Biology First Semester Review

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Biology First Semester Review
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• Questions in Blue will be Option Questions If
  answered correctly pick and option card and
  follow directions.
• Options Include Some cards will be immediately
  rewarded, others can be used when your team
  chooses.
• 2, take a point from another team, free pass
  (when dont know an answer), switch team scores
  (you have to know score), add a team member until
  next option, -1

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• Questions in Red will result in a team change
  after the question is read. These are random
  changes. Same team members cannot be selected
  more than once during a team change.
• Oldest, tallest, birthday, sibling, pets, etc.
• Move to next team
• pick a new team member
• solo answer

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• basic unit of life
• bio-
• scientific method begins with...before problem
  stated
• if, then statement
• testing part of scientific method
• maintaining stable environment...one word
• genetic code molecule
• 4 common elements of our bodies
• group of similar organisms living together
• the living and nonliving factors in an area
• well tested explanation
• very100 gradual change

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• substance that does the dissolving, usually in
  larger concentration
• pH lower than 7
• most abundant compound in living things
• store and transmit genetic information
• almost all known enzymes are what type of organic
  compound

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• give and example of a response to a stimulus,
  name response and stimulus
• part of experiment containing variable
• setup in experiment used as a comparison
• combination of building or breaking down
  molecules
• Earth and all ecosystems, largest level of
  organization

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• macromolecule that stores genetic information
• monomer of nucleic acid
• three parts of nucleotide
• monomer of protein
• energy needed to start a chemical reaction
• protein that acts as biological catalyst
• nucleic acid containing ribose sugar

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• Organism having two of the same alleles for a
  trait?
• First cell formed when sperm fertilizes egg?
• If an individual expresses a dominant trait, but
  it is not known whether the individual is
  homozygous or heterozygous, what type of cross
  should be done to determine the unknown genotype?
• What is the probability of having 3 daughters in
  a row?
• Factors that on chromosomes that code for
  protein?

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• single sugar
• many single sugars
• speeds up the rate of reaction without being
  affected by the reaction
• many monomers joined together
• reactant of enzyme-catalyzed reaction substance
  enzyme binds to

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• The structure of DNA is said to be a __?
• The backbone of DNA is made of ___ and ___?
• The rungs of DNA are made of ____?

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• what are 3 key structural components of amino
  acids
• most basic pH
• two or more different elements chemically combined

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• 3 subatomic particles
• charged atom formed from losing or gaining
  electrons
• formula for water
• charged compound due to the unequal sharing of
  electrons
• organic compounds contain what element

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• what is the molecular formula for a
  monosaccharide
• what is the process by which monosaccharides join
  together to form larger saccharides
• job of proteins
• suffix for enzymes

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• per equal amounts, which has the most stored
  energy (lipids, proteins, carbohydrates)
• another name for protein molecule (many amino
  acids bound together)
• the reverse process of dehydration synthesis
• ratio of H to O in carbohydrates
• ratio of H to O in lipids

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• Skin color is controlled by which inheritance
  pattern?
• Which letter is used to symbolize chromosome
  number in gametes?
• Term describing the number of chromosomes in sex
  cells (having one allele for each gene, or half
  the number of genes found in body cells).
• What is another name for a pair of homologous
  chromosomes (4 chromatids) formed during prophase
  I?

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• organelle that makes proteins
• organelle that breaks down foreign material in
  the cell
• organelle that converts sugars into ATP energy
• modifies proteins
• network within cell
• control center
• Components of cell membrane...
• three parts of cell theory

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• formula for photosynthesis
• process using oxygen to convert carbohydrates
  into usable ATP energy
• products of cell respiration
• At what codon does protein synthesis begin?
• Which term includes the others? histone,
  chromosome, DNA, nucleosome

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• What does DNA stand for?
• What is the central Dogma?
• What is a eukaryotic cell?
• RNA contains the sugar ____?
• Unlike DNA, RNA contains the nitrogenous base
• 1 codon consists of how many bases?
• 2 codons code for how many amino acids?
• DNA copied into mRNA is ____?

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• The three parts of nucleotide are 5-carbon sugar,
  nitrogenous base, and ___?
• During DNA replication, adenine pairs with ?
• List the 3 main types of RNA
• Genes are sections of DNA that code for _ ?

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• True or False.
• There can be more than one codon for a particular
  amino acid?
• RNA contains the nitrogenous base thymine.
• DNA leaves the nucleus?
• tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with an mRNA
  codon.
• Genes can be turned on and off at different
  times.
• tRNA is a copy of DNA
• Individuals traits are determined by genes which
  code for proteins.

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• Genes inherited together that are found on the
  same chromosome are ...
• What are 2 similarities and 2 differences between
  mitosis and meiosis?
• Shows the relative location of genes on a
  chromosome?
• Genes code for ...

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• If the haploid number in sex cells is 10, the
  diploid number of body cells would be...
• How many cells result from meiosis?
• Different forms of the same gene are?
• When genes for different traits are separated
  during meiosis without influencing the
  inheritance of other genes.
• How many different allele combinations are
  possible in gametes if the parent genotype is
  RrYY?
• Situation in which one allele is not completely
  dominant over another allele.
• The exchange of genetic information between
  tetrads during prophase I.

23

• What is the tool that predicts the probable
  outcome of offspring from a parent cross?
• Letters used in the Punnett square represent...
• Lower case letters used in Punnett square
  represent...
• How many forms of a gene do we have for a
  particular trait.
• Type of physical characteristics of an
  individual?
• Type of genes of an individual?

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• random changes in DNA sequence
• cross individuals with similar traits in order to
  maintain desired traits (usually crossing related
  organisms)
• making changes in DNA code of living things
• cut DNA as specific location
• small circular strands of DNA (in bacteria)
• separating a number of DNA fragments using
  gelatin and electric current
• picture of chromosomes (homologous pairs,
  autosomes, sex chromosomes

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• chromosomes other than sex chromosomes
• Female represented 46 ?
• reproductive cells (sperm, egg)
• improper separation of chromosomes during meiosis
  
• Trisomy 21
• absent or faulty gene is replaced with normal
  working gene

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• take 2 points from a team and add to your score

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• take 2 points from a team and add to your score

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• 1

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• 1

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• 1

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• 2

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• 2

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• 2

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• -1

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• -1

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• -1

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• -1

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• lower another teams score by one point

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• lower another teams score by one point

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• lower another teams score by one point

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• lower another teams score by one point

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• lower another teams score by one point

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• free pass

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• free pass

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• free pass

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• free pass

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• free pass

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• switch team scores (not allowed to ask score)

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• switch team scores (not allowed to ask score)

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• add a team member

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• add a team member

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• add a team member

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• add a team member