Salesforce Apex interview Questions

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Salesforce ApexInterview Questions and Answers
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1. What are the access modifiers in the apex ?

•  If you do not specify an access modifier, the
  method or variable is private. This means that
  the method or variable is visible to any inner
  classes in the defining Apex class, and to the
  classes that extend the defining Apex class.

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2. What are reference variables in apex ?

• Passing Parameters By Reference and By Value in
  Apex. In Apex, all primitive data type
  arguments, such as Integer or String, are passed
  into methods by value. This means that any
  changes to the arguments exist only within the
  scope of the method. When the method returns, the
  changes to the arguments are lost.

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3. In which object Roles are stored ?

•  UserRole

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4. What is on-Demand process ?

• On-demand process is nothing but pay for what
  you use policy.
• We can subscribe to what we want and
  pay-as-you-go model.

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5. Will the Flow supports bulkification mechanism
?

• Yes , flows support bulk records processing also.

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6. If you organization Workflows limit is over
and if you want to write a workflow immediately
and it critical, what will you do ?

• 1. De-activate any workflows and create it using
  trigger and then do the new workflow.
  
  or2. Go for Schedule apex or trigger to achieve
  this workflow.

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7. What is an alternative for workflow ?

• Process Builder or Flows or Trigger or Schedule
  apex or

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8. What is the use of isNew() ?

•  Checks whether the record is newly created.

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9. What is the difference between List and Set ?

•  Another significant difference between List and
  Set in Java is order. A list is an Ordered
  Collection while Set is an unordered Collection.
  List maintains insertion order of elements, means
  any element which is inserted before will go on
  the lower index than any element which is
  inserted after.

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10. Data loader ? and which format it will
support ?

• Data loader is a tool to manage bulk data. It
  will support .csv format of Excel.

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11. What are the Disadvantages by using Batch
Apex processing ?

• It runs asynchronously, which can make it hard to
  troubleshoot without some coded debugging,
  logging, and persistent stateful reporting. It
  also means that its queued to run, which may
  cause delays in starting.
• Theres a limit of 5 batches in play at any time,
  which makes it tricky to start batches from
  triggers unless you are checking limits.If you
  need access within execute() to some large part
  of the full dataset being iterated, this is not
  available. Each execution only has access to
  whatever is passed to it, although you can
  persist class variables by implementing
  Database.stateful.
• There is still a (fairly large) limit on total
  Heap size for the entire batch run, which means
  that some very complex logic may run over, and
  need to be broken into separate batches.

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12. How many users have you supported ?

• Number of users in the Salesforce organization.
  It helps the recruiter to understand your
  scalability.

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13. In which object all email templates are saved
?

•  EmailTemplate

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14. What is Salesforce sites ?

• Used to show data from our organization for
  public view.

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15. Explain The Apex Data Manipulation Language
(dml) Operations ?

• Use data manipulation language (DML) operations
  to insert, update, delete, and restore data in a
  database.
• You can execute DML operations using two
  different forms
• Apex DML statements, such as
• insertSObject
• Apex DML database methods, such as
• Database.SaveResult result
  Database.Insert(SObject)
• While most DML operations are available in either
  form, some exist only in one form or
  the other.

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Continuation..

• The different DML operation forms enable
  different types of exception processing
• Use DML statements if you want any error that
  occurs during bulk DML processing to be thrown
  as an Apex exception that immediately interrupts
  control flow (by using try. . .catch blocks).
  This behavior is similar to the way exceptions
  are handled in most database procedural
  languages.
• Use DML database methods if you want to allow
  partial success of a bulk DML operation If a
  record fails, the remainder of the DML operation
  can still succeed. Your application can then
  inspect the rejected records and possibly retry
  the operation. When using this form, you can
  write code that never throws DML exception
  errors. Instead, your code can use the
  appropriate results array to judge success or
  failure. Note that DML database methods also
  include a syntax that supports thrown exceptions,
  similar to DML statements.

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16. In which object all Account Team Members are
added ?

• AccountTeamMember

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17. Auto-response rules and Escalation rules(for
which objects are mandatory) ?

• Case and Lead.

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18. What is Documenting Salesforce.com in Apex
class files ?

• I have used apexDoc for a while and we are
  starting to roll it out more fully for our use at
  my organization. It is open source software and
  so you could always contribute some updates for
  it What features are you wanting to add to it
  that it doesnt have (just to give a flavor)?
• In answer to your questions
• I dont think anybody has successfully managed to
  do this. There is an idea of the ideas exchange
  for it to be done but it seems to gain very
  little support.
• Theoretically, it should be pretty easy as apex
  is a Java DSL. Have you tried running Doxygen and
  if so what errors does it throw up?

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Continuation..

• I use Apex Doc to generate some basic output and
  then have a little script tied in to copy across
  custom CSS and things. It isnt perfect but it
  does the small amount we need at the moment.
• I believe the IDE is being open sourced at some
  time in which case I would imagine the antlr
  grammar file would become available which may
  help you out.
• I know it is not really an answer for what you
  wanted to hear per se, but sadly its all we have
  atm (and I would love a nicer documentation
  generator!!)

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19. In which object all Opportunity Team Members
are added ?

•  OpportunityTeamMember

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20. Difference between REST and SOAP APIS ?

• Varies on records that can be handled.

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21. In Which object all Apex Pages are stored ?

•  ApexPage

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22. What are the uses of the tag ?

• A component that provides support for invoking
  controller action methods directly from
  JavaScript code using an AJAX request. A
  component must be a child of a component. Because
  binding between the caller and is done based on
  parameter order, ensure that the order of is
  matched by the callers argument list.
• Unlike, which only provides support for invoking
  controller action methods from other Visualforce
  components, defines a new JavaScript function
  which can then be called from within a block of
  JavaScript code.
• Note Beginning with API version 23 you cant
  place inside an iteration component and so on.
  Put them after the iteration component, and
  inside the iteration put a normal JavaScript
  function that calls it.

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Continuation..

• This tag supports following attributes
• Action
• The action method invoked when the actionFunction
  is called by a JavaScript event elsewhere in the
  page markup. Use merge-field syntax to reference
  the method. For example, action!save
  references the save method in the controller. If
  an action is not specified, the page simply
  refreshes.
• Focus
• The ID of the component that is in focus after
  the AJAX request completes.
• Id
• An identifier that allows the actionFunction
  component to be referenced by other components in
  the page.

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Continuation..

• Immediate
• A Boolean value that specifies whether the action
  associated with this component should happen
  immediately, without processing any validation
  rules associated with the fields on the page. If
  set to true, the action happens immediately and
  validation rules are skipped. If not specified,
  this value defaults to false.
• Name
• The name of the JavaScript function that, when
  invoked elsewhere in the page markup, causes the
  method specified by the action attribute to
  execute. When the action method completes, the
  components specified by the reRender attribute
  are refreshed.
• Onbeforedomupdate
• The JavaScript invoked when the onbeforedomupdate
  event occursthat is, when the

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Continuation..

• Status
• The ID of an associated component that displays
  the status of an AJAX update request. See the
  actionStatus component.
• timeout
• The amount of time (in milliseconds) before an
  AJAX update request should time out.

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23. What is creating debug log for users ?

• Track code.

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24. What is Workarounds for Missing Apex
Time.format() Instance Method ?

• You could just split the DateTime format() result
  on the first space does that give you what
  youre looking for?
• public String myDateFormat(DateTime dt)
• String parts dt.format().split( )
• return (parts.size() 3) ? (parts1
  parts2) parts1
• produces
• 638 PM
• for me in English (United States), and
• 1842
• in French(France).

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Continuation..

• UPDATE
• As tomlogic points out, the above method is not
  very robust some locales may include spaces in
  the date or time portion of the format, and the
  ordering is not consistent. This second attempt
  assumes that the date and time are separated by
  zero or more spaces, but handles spaces within
  the two portions, and either ordering of date and
  time. The only assumption made is that the
  formatted Date is contained within the formatted
  Time
• public String myDateFormat(DateTime dt)
• return dt.format().replace(dt.date().format(),
  ).trim()
• Seems to work fine for Hebrew, Vietnamese
  Korean, as well as English and French.

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25. How cases are created ?

• Email to Case and Web to Case

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26. What is the difference between With Sharing
and Without Sharing ?

• For example, if a method is defined in a class
  declared with sharing is called by a class
  declared with without sharing, the method will
  execute with sharing rules enforced. For
  example, if the class is called by another class
  that has sharing enforced, then sharing is
  enforced for the called class.

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27. What is after undelete ?

• While retrieving from recycle bin

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28. In which object all Approval process are
stored ?

• Approval

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29. Is there an average method for apex math ?

• Unfortunately the standard math methods only
  include simpler operations (i.e. those that work
  on a single, or two values), so it looks as
  though youll have to roll your own method.
• Of course, the number of script statements
  executed will be proportional to the length of
  the list, so of the lists are ever of a fixed
  size it could be worth using a macro to generate
  the addition part for you
• Int sum i0 i1 in
• Doing so would only count for one statement, but
  youll only need this if governor limits are of
  concern which is often not a worry.
• If govenor limits arent an issue you could
  create a function along these lines

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Continuation..

• Skip code block
• Integer myInts new Integer1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
  6, 7
• Integer total 0
• Double dAvg
• for (Integer i myInts)
• total i
• dAvg Double.valueOf(total) / myInts.size()
• return dAvg

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30. Will Trigger.new supports gtInsert, Will
Trigger.Delete supports gtDelete ?

• Yes.

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31. What is a constructor ?

•  A constructor is a special method of a class or
  structure in object-oriented programming that
  initializes an object of that type. A constructor
  is an instance method that usually has the same
  name as the class, and can be used to set the
  values of the members of an object, either to
  default or to user-defined values.

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32. What is Inline visualforce page ?

• Having vf page in pagelayout.

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33. What are the Grammar for creating an Apex
parser ?

• Keep an eye on Apex tooling API, which is used in
  Developer console. This is supposed to be
  released to public access soon.

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34. If is child is mandatory field in lookup and
I m deleting Parent, will child get deleted ?

•  No.

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35. What is the use of the static variables ?

• Static variables are used when only one copy of
  the variable is required. so if you declare
  variable inside the method there is no use of
  such variable its become local to function
  only.. Variables declared static are commonly
  shared across all instances of a class.

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36. Junction object ? when will we use ? If we
delete the junction object what will happen ?

• For many to many relationship.

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37. Does default value do anything if the
object is created through Apex ?

• New feature coming in the next release
• Foo__c f Foo__c.sobjecttype.newSObject(
• recordTypeId, // can be null
• true) // loadDefaultValues

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38. Can we have V.F pages in page layout ?

• Yes.

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39. What are Sobjects ?

• An sObject is any object that can be stored in
  the Force.com platform database. These are not
  objects in the sense of instances of Apex
  classes rather, they are representations of data
  that has or will be persisted. sObject is a
  generic abstract type that corresponds to any
  persisted object type.

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40. How to create standard object as child to
custom object(which is not possible thru standard
away process,have to bypass this restriction) ?

• Create Lookup and make the lookup field mandatory.

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41. Detect the current Logging Level in Apex ?

• Unfortunately, I dont think there is a way to
  check the current logging level in APEX.

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42. In a visual force page the save should ensure
the data to be be stored in current object as
well as associated child object ?

• We have to use Database.SavePoint and
  Database.Rollback for this situation.

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Continuation..

• do not open recruitmentfor that position.
  whenever a record submitted to the Approval
  process, the record is going into locking state.
  if it is approved then it is in locking state
  forever.if it is rejected then that records come
  into unlocking state. In approval process, we can
  trigger the workflow when initial submission,
  approval action, rejection action, final
  rejection..
• Trigger Trigger is also same when a DML event
  occurs like insert, update, delete trigger will
  fireHere in deletion Scenario also trigger
  will fire.but in workflows, a workflow cannot
  fire.for deletion.

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43. What is Map in apex ?

•  A map is a collection of key-value pairs where
  each unique key maps to a single value. Keys and
  values can be any data type primitive types,
  collections, sObjects, user-defined types, and
  built-in Apex types.

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44. What is audit field, what is the purpose of
audit field ?

• Created By, Created Date, Last Modified By and
  Last Modified Date are audit fields. Used to
  track when the changes are done to the records.

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45. Call Apex class method on the fly
(dynamically) ?

• While you can instantiate a class based on its
  name using the Type system class, you cant
  dynamically locate a method and execute it. The
  best that you can do is to dynamically create an
  instance of a class that implements an interface
  and executes one of the methods on the interface.
• Theres more information on the Type class and an
  example in the
• Apex Developers Guide

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46. What we need to do for extending the limit of
creating only 2 M-D relationships for custom
object ?

• Create Lookup and make the lookup field mandatory.

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47. Can we have duplicate Keys in Map ?

• You cant have duplicate keys in a Map. You can
  rather create a MapltKey, Listgt, or if you can,
  use Guavas Multimap. And then you can get the
  java.util.Map using the MultimapasMap() method.

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48. How to write java script code for save button
?

• We have to create the custom button and in that
  custom button, we have to write Javascript code.

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49. How many objects we can store in list ?

• You can store only one Object at a time. But you
  can store as many as records or instance of an
  object till you dont hit Salesforce Heap size
  limit which is 6 MB for Developer Edition. So it
  will depend on data you are storing in List like
  how many fields and type of data you want to
  store in that list.

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Continuation..

• When you delete the master it will cascade delete
  all detail records relating to that master. A
  typical use of a Master-Detail would be the
  classic Sales Order and Sales Order Items
  objects.
• Lookups are generally for use where you may or
  may need to have a relationship between two
  objects (but not always).
• Lookups are generally used to reference commonly
  shared data, such as reference data.
• Lookups are used to link two objects together
  when you dont want the behaviour of the
  master-detail particularly around sharing
  rules, profile permissions and cascade delete.
• Lookups are used when you need to relate multiple
  parents to the detail record.

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50. What are the attributes of apex tag ?

• Attribute tag is used in creating components.

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