Most Advanced Heart Repair or Replacement Surgery With Best Hospitals in India

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Overview Heart valve surgery is a procedure to
treat heart valve disease. In heart valve
disease, at least one of the four heart valves
that keep blood flowing in the correct direction
through your heart doesnt function
properly. These valves include the mitral valve,
tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve and aortic
valve. Each valve has flaps called leaflets, for
the mitral and tricuspid valves, and cusps, for
the aortic and pulmonary valves. These flaps open
and close once during each heartbeat. Sometimes
the valves dont open or close properly,
disrupting the blood flow through your heart to
your body. In heart valve surgery, your surgeon
repairs or replaces the affected heart valves.
Many surgical procedures may be used to repair or
replace heart valves, including open-heart
surgery or minimally invasive heart surgery. Your
treatment depends on several factors, including
your age, health, the condition of the heart
valve that is affected and the severity of your
condition. Your treatment depends on several
factors, including your age, health, the
condition of the heart valve that is affected and
the severity of your condition.

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Signs and Symptoms of Heart Failure In the early
stages, Heart Failure may not have any symptoms.
In the later stages, the patient may have severe
symptoms because the weakened heart is unable to
pump enough oxygen-rich blood with each
contraction to satisfy the body.
The most common symptoms are Difficulty in
Breathing  Fluid back up into and around the
lungs can cause shortness of breath with exercise
or difficulty in breathing at rest. Some people
with Heart Failure must prop themselves up with
extra pillows to breathe more easily.

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Chronic Cough  The build-up of fluid in the
lungs causes the lungs to work harder. Patients
may have a persistent cough or wheezing (a
whistling sound in the lungs, or labored
breathing). Edema  Less blood to the kidneys
causes fluid and water retention, resulting in
swollen ankles, legs and abdomen and weight gain.
Symptoms may cause an increased need to urinate
during the night. Loss of Appetite  Bloating in
the abdomen may result in loss of appetite or
nausea. Patients have the feeling of being
full, even when they have not eaten for a long
time. Their abdomen may become swollen or
distended Fatigue  Less blood to major organs
and muscles makes one feel tired and weak.
Patients find even walking difficult.

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• Heart valve surgery risks may include
• Bleeding
• Heart attack
• Infection
• Valve dysfunction in replacement valve
• Irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia)
• Stroke
• Death

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Diagnosis for Heart Failure There is no single
test that can diagnose Heart Failure. The patient
may have to go some of the following tests EKG
(Electrocardiogram)  This test is used to
measure the hearts electrical activity. It may
show if the patient has had a heart attack or if
there is thickening of the walls in the hearts
pumping chambers (ventricles) or if the heart
rhythms are abnormal. Chest X-ray  A chest X-ray
shows if the heart is enlarged or if there is
fluid in the lungs, or any lung disease.

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BNP Blood Test  This test checks the level of a
hormone called BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide)
that rises in Heart Failure. Thyroid Function
Tests  These tests reveal whether an overactive
or an under-active thyroid is responsible for
Heart Failure. Echocardiogram  Echocardiogram
enables the doctor to evaluate the size,
thickness and pumping action of the heart, as
well as evaluate how well the heart valves are
functioning. A stress echocardiogram may also be
useful in assessing how well the heart is
functioning at rest and during exercise. Coronary
Angiography  This test, usually performed along
with cardiac catheterization, helps the doctor
see the flow of blood to the heart
muscle. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)  MRI
shows detailed images of the structures and
beating of the heart, enabling the doctor to
assess if parts of the heart are weak or damaged.

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How you prepare Before surgery to have your heart
valve repaired or replaced, your doctor and
treatment team will explain to you what to expect
before, during and after the surgery and
potential risks of the surgery. Your doctor and
team will discuss with you concerns you may have
about your heart valve surgery. Discuss with your
doctor and treatment team any questions you may
have about the procedure. Youll need to have
your hair shaved at the location of your body
where the procedure will take place. Before being
admitted to the hospital for your surgery, talk
to your family about your hospital stay and
discuss help you may need when you return home.
Your doctor and treatment team may give you
specific instructions to follow during your
recovery when you return home.

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Heart valve replacement- If your heart valve
cant be repaired, your doctor may recommend
heart valve replacement. To replace a heart
valve, your doctor removes the heart valve and
replaces it with a mechanical valve or a valve
made from cow, pig or human heart tissue
(biological tissue valve). Biological valves
often eventually need to be replaced, as they
degenerate over time. If you have a mechanical
valve, youll need to take blood-thinning
medications for the rest of your life to prevent
blood clots. Doctors will discuss with you the
risks and benefits of each type of valve and
discuss which valve may be appropriate for you. A
minimally invasive catheter procedure may be
conducted to replace certain heart valves. For
example, a catheter procedure may be performed to
insert a replacement valve into a biological
replacement valve in the heart that is no longer
working properly.

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