Bone Marrow Transplant Surgery in India

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Bone Marrow TransplantThe Gift Of Life..

• Deepam Meditours
• (Medical Tourism Company)

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What is Bone Marrow?

• It is the soft tissue inside the bones that
  produces new blood cells. The new blood cells may
  grow into Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells or
  Platelets.

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What is Bone Marrow Transplant?

• It is the procedure in which unhealthy or
  diseased bone marrow is replaced with healthy
  bone marrow.
• Blood Cells and healthy Marrow are needed to
  live.
• Bone marrow is ideally extracted from the pelvis
  bone through a large needle that reaches the
  center of the bone.

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Who Needs Bone Marrow Transplant?

• Leukemia (blood cancer disease) and also other
  type of cancer
• Aplastic anaemia (bone marrow failure)
• Other Genetic diseases (that involve the blood)
  or immune system diseases
• Sickle Cell disease
• Haemoglobinopathies

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What are the types of Bone Marrow Transplants?

• Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant
• As the name suggests AUTO means SELF.
• Lower risk of infection
• Graft rejection is very rare as the donor and the
  recipient are the same person.
• This process is common for diseases like lymphoma.

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Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant

• In this process the bone marrow is received from
  a donor.
• HLA of the donor must be matched with HLA of the
  recipient.
• Donor may be sister, brother, parents or other
  relatives.
• There is a chance of rejection.

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Umblical Cord / Cord Blood Transplant

• The immature Marrow Cells recovered from the
  Umblical Cord of the new born baby after birth is
  stored.
• Cryopreserved Bone Marrow until they are needed
  for transplant.
• This is highly beneficial as chances of mismatch
  are seldom.

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Factors to Choose Transplant Type

• Type of disease being treated
• The extent of bone marrow damage
• Age and health of the patient

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Donor stem cells can be collected in two ways

• Bone marrow harvest
• Minor surgery is done
• The bone marrow is removed from the back of both
  hip bones.
• The amount of marrow removed depends on the
  weight of the person who is receiving it.
• Leukapheresis
• Blood is removed from the donor through an IV
  line.
• The part of white blood cells that contains stem
  cells is then separated in a machine and removed
  to be later given to the recipient.

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Bone Marrow Transplant Procedure Includes

• Extraction
• Conditioning
• Transplant
• Engraftment and early recovery

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Risks of Bone Marrow Transplant

• Chest pain
• Drop in blood pressure
• Fever, chills, flushing
• Funny taste in the mouth
• Headache
• Hives
• Nausea
• Pain
• Shortness of breath

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Expected Result of BMT

• The survival rate of Autologous transplant is 98
  
• Allogeneic transplant survival rate is 73.2

Source Mayo Clinic
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