Building Your Own LAN

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Building Your OwnLAN

• CONNECTING TO THE WORLD

Rev 7/20/07 rdm
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How to create a LAN

• Connect the hardware together
• Install software and protocols
• III. Install services
• IV. Set up files to share between computers

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I. Hardware to connect

• Computers with NIC cards in them
• Now the NIC is often on the motherboard
• Cables
• Hub or Switch
• What could the downside of using a hub be?
• Which is faster a switch or a hub?
• Which is more secure a switch or a hub?
• Router
• Usually your gateway to your ISP and the Internet

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Key hardware

• What are the following?
• Hub (unsophisticated, rebroadcasts everything
  from your computer to everyone on the same hub)
• Switch (like a hub but only broadcasts to where
  it should goit filters and forwards)
• Router (A device that forwards data packets along
  networks. A router is connected to at least two
  networks, commonly two LANs or WANs or a LAN and
  its ISPs network. Routers are located at
  gateways, the places where two or more networks
  connect)

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II. INSTALL SOFTWARE PROTOCOLS

• Suitable operating system software for networks
  such as
• Windows XP (workstation)
• Server (Windows 2003 Server)
• NOS (Windows 2003 Enterprise) Protocol is the
  common data communication language between
  computers.
• Protocol determines the following
• the type of error checking to be used
• data compression method, if any
• how the sending device will indicate that it has
  finished sending a message
• how the receiving device will indicate that it
  has received a message

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KEY PROTOCOLS

• TCP/IP
• TCP/IP is the primary Internet protocol
• TCP is one of the main protocols in TCP/IP
  networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with
  digital data packets, TCP enables two hosts to
  establish a connection and exchange streams of
  data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also
  guarantees that packets will be delivered in the
  same order in which they were sent.
• DOES require some configuration

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III. INSTALL SERVICES(FUNCTIONALITY)

• For example file and print sharing, FTP, Web,
  etc.
• You may have to check and make sure packets can
  get through your firewall.

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IV. Set up what you want to share

• WORKGROUPS
• RESOURCES TO SHARE
• SELECT A FOLDER
• ACCESS LEVEL (PERMISSIONS)
• FULL ACCESS
• CHANGES
• READ ONLY

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Networking Activities
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1 Crossover CableThe most simple connection

• For transferring data from one machine to another
  when not on a LAN (perhaps an old hard drive to a
  new one)
• Playing games without a hub (outside or in a car)

Note White w. Orange means White with Orange
Stripe
More on cables
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1 Crossover Cable Instructions

• I. Hardware
• Plug crossover cable into NICs of both machines
• II. Software and Protocols (assuming XP)
• On each machine configure TCP/IP
• Start?Control Panel?Network Connections
• Or right click on My Network Places and select
  properties
• Right clink on Local Area Connection and select
  properties
• Make sure your NIC card is showing
• Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) or install if
  necessary
• Click on Properties Note discuss briefly
  getting IP address automatically from a DHCP
  server
• Select Use the following IP address and type in
  the following
• IP Address 10.1.1.1 for one machine and 10.1.1.2
  for the other
• Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 for both machines
• Click OK (gateway is not needed as we have no
  Internet connection)

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1 Crossover Cable Instructions

• III. Services
• File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks
  is installed by default on XP.
• Get in the same workgroup
• Right-click on My Computer and select properties.
  Select the Computer Name tab. Left-click on the
  properties button.
• Make sure the workgroup names are identical. Use
  Change button toward the bottom of the current
  window if necessary.
• Note Make sure your firewall is allowing others
  to access your shared files!
• Start?Control Panel?Windows Firewall

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1 Crossover Cable Instructions

• IV. Files to share
• Right-click on a folder you wish to share. Then
  left-click on the Sharing and Security selection.
• Check the Share this file on the network box.
• Click the Apply button and then the OK button
  when you have finished the information. A hand
  should appear under the file or folder indicating
  that it has share-level access.
• Go to My Network Places and enjoy your
  workgroup resources!

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2 Hub or Switch

• Exactly the same as 1, except regular
  straight-through cables are plugged between the
  NIC cards and the hub or switch.

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Networks for Your Home

• Wired option install a router and CAT5
  Twisted-pair cable through your house
• No-New-Wires for a home network
• Wireless (Wi-Fi) Wireless router and PC Cards
• Set secure login and encrypt transmissions!
• HomePlug House AC electrical wires
• HomePNA House phone wires

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Networks for Your Home
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3 Add a HomePlug Connection

• Plug HomePlug adapter into electrical outlets.
• no power box or strip can be in between
• Plug straight through cables into adapter box.
• Watch for blinking lights indicating there is a
  connection.

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Wireless Networks

• Range 100 500 ft.
• Can be limited by walls, metal, people
• Throughput 1 54 Mbps.
• Benefits
• User mobility
• Installation speed flexibility
• Scalability

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Your Gateway

• The gateway connecting your home LAN to the
  Internet is normally done through a
• dial-up modem
• DSL router/modem
• Cable router/modem

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4 Remote Desktop

• Remote desktop allows you to work on a computer
  and view the screen as though you are sitting
  right there even though you may be half a world
  away (like China)!

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4 Remote Desktop

• Set your computer to allow remote access.
• Right click on My Computer and select
  properties
• Click on the Remote tab and check Allow
  others to connect remotely to this computer
• Note you must have an administrator account
  unless you specifically Select Remote Users
• Click OK
• Note You must have a static IP address or know
  what the current IP address is for this machine
• Connect remotely to the machine
• Start ?All Programs? Accessories? Communications?
  Remote Desktop Connection

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4 Remote Desktop

• You may also
• Print remotely or to your local printer
• Copy and past files between your remote desktop
  and your local machine
• Directions when connecting click Options
• On the Local Resources tab check disk drives
  and printers
• Then Connect

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5 Testing Connectivity
Demo with Internet connection

• Ping
• Tracert (trace route)
• IPCONFIG (to get your IP address)

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6 Visual Traces

• Visually trace
• How many hops to favorite URLs
• Where fraudulant junkmail is coming from and
  report it
• Who owns a particular IP address
• Some free trial products include
• VisualRoute
• Visual WhoIs
• Aet_Tracer

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7 Voice over IP

• Talk to family and friends across the country
  or across the world free.
• They must also have a computer running the same
  VoIP program
• Possible free software includes Skype
• Download it at http//www.skype.com/helloagain.htm
  l