Mumps

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Mumps

• A School Health Perspective

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What are the Mumps?

• Mumps is a disease caused
  by a virus that
  usually spreads through
  saliva and can infect
  many parts of the body,
  especially the parotid
  salivary glands.
• These glands are found toward the back of each
  cheek, in the area between the ear and jaw. In
  cases of mumps, these glands typically swell and
  become painful.

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http//www.meningitis.org
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What are the signs and symptoms?

• Fever of up to 103 degrees Fahrenheit (39.4
  degrees Celsius)
• Earache
• In teen boys, painful swelling of the testicles
• In teen girls, painful swelling of the ovaries
• Headache
• Loss of appetite
• Swelling and pain in the parotid glands, making
  the child look like a hamster with food in its
  cheeks. The glands usually become increasingly
  swollen and painful over a period of 1 to 3 days.
  The pain gets worse when the child swallows,
  talks, chews, or drinks acidic juices (like
  orange juice)
• Complications include meningitis, deafness, and
  inflammation of joints.
• Infection during pregnancy may kill or severely
  harm the fetus.

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What are the incubation and contagious periods?

• Incubation period is 16 to 18 days.
• Contagious period From 1 to 2 days before to 5
  days after swelling of glands.

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How is it spread?

• Direct contact with tiny drops of fluid from the
  mouth and nose of someone who is infected.
• It can be passed to others through sneezing,
  coughing, or even laughing.
• The virus can also spread to other people through
  direct contact, such as picking up tissues or
  using drinking glasses that have been used by the
  infected person.

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How can I control it?

• Mumps can be prevented by vaccination. The
  vaccine can be given alone or as part of the
  measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization, which
  is usually given to children at 12 to 15 months
  of age. A second dose of MMR is generally given
  at 4 to 6 years of age.
• As is the case with all immunization schedules,
  there are important exceptions and special
  circumstances.If they haven't already received
  them, students who are attending colleges and
  other post-high school institutions should be
  sure they have had two doses of the MMR vaccine.
• During a measles outbreak, your doctor may
  recommend additional shots of the vaccine, if
  your child is 1 to 4 years old. Your child's
  doctor will have the most current information.

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What are the roles of the teacher and family?

• Report infections to staff in charge of decision
  making.
• Report the infection to the health department.
• Refer the child to a health professional.
• Ensure up-to-date immunization of children,
  staff, volunteers, and family members with MMR
  vaccine.

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Exclude from group settings?

• Yes, as soon as it is suspected.
• The mumps virus is contagious.
• People who have mumps are most contagious from 2
  days before symptoms begin to 6 days after they
  end. The virus can also spread from people who
  are infected but have no symptoms.

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Readmit to Group Setting?

• Nine days after onset of swelling.
• When the child is able to participate and staff
  determine they can care for the child.

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Mumps in Louisiana
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Mumps in Louisiana

• In Louisiana, the incidence of mumps decreased
  from 0.25 per 100,000 population in 1999 to 0.02
  per 100,000 population in 2003. However, in 2004,
  there was a sharp increase to 0.20 per 100,000
  population.
• In 2004, Louisiana had the highest rate among
  southern states. Most of the southern states had
  lower incidence rates in 2004, except for
  Louisiana and Texas as compared to US.
• The United States in 2004, had shown a decrease
  in the incidence rate of mumps from 0.14 per
  100,000 population in 1999 to 0.09 per 100,000
  population.
• http//www.dhh.louisiana.gov/offices/miscdocs/docs
  -249/recent/LaIDAnnual_Mumps2004.pdf