NeXT???? ???????????

1
NeXT???????????????

• ?????????????(??)????(???)?
• ?????????????

NeXT Science??????????? ?????11/7/03
2
??????(25?)

• ?????????
• ?????????
• ??????????(??)
• R???????????????????????(??????Nature ???????!)
• 44Ti (???44)?????????1987A, Cas A, ????????????

3
?????????????????????

• ???????????????????????????????????
• X??????????????????????????????????????????
• X???????????
• ????????

4
???

• ??? 256 (1998??)
• ????????? 287
• ????(????)7000
• ???(??)?? 2824(20???)?????????????
  1800???????????? 2500
• ??RI?????????(2004.7-) ???1000??

5
???????
6
???Radioactivity
Ig
7
????????????

• ??????????de-excitation??????
• ????????????????(??????????)??????????K???????????
  ????????X? (R????????????????????-?keV)
• ???????????????????(Q?lt511keV21.02MeV)??????????
  ????K???????????????????X?(??????????????56Ni,
  44Ti, 55Fe, 59Ni, 53Mn ...)

8
44Ti Decay
9
II. R-???????????????????? R-????????????????????
10
Anders Grevesse 1989
11
????????????????(R??????)???????????????????????
12
R?????????????????????
Core-collapse SN
Core-collapse SN
Core-collapse SN
ok?
AIC of WD
13
??????aR?????????(1)
KUTY mass GT2KUTY b-rates(1)
Motizuki, Tachibana, Goriely 2003, preliminary
4622 nuclides (Z0-92) 17 reactions included.
14
??????aR?????????(2)
????????????? ???????????!
15
R??????????? from RX0852-4622????Qian, Vogel,
Wasserburg, ApJ 524 (1999), 213.
SN GC
16
??????????

• RX0852??????d200pc????
• SN rate 30?????uniform production
• ????????R??????????
• 2 X 10-8 solar mass (126Sn 5 X10-7 solar mass)
  ????
• ? ???????SN rate????????????????????factor???????
  ?????
• ???SN?????????????

17
III. 44Ti ????????????????? ??????????????????????
?
????Motizuki Kumagai, New Astronomy Reviews,
in press (2003) astro-ph/0311080
18
44Ti ?????????????????

• 44Ti?????Mass Cut?????????????(2M?????)??????????
  ?????????
• Mass cut ?????????????????????

• ???????????????
• ???????????????
• ????
• 44Ti????????????
• ???????????????
• ??????????????
• ???60?????????
• ????SN rate????????
• ?????

Hoffman et al. 1995
19
a????
aan -gt 9Be(a?n)12C(n,g)13C(a?n) 16O(a? g)20Ne (a?
g) -gt 40Ca (a? g)44Ti -gt 56Ni
Blast-shock
????? ?????1991
Kumagai et al. 1991
6.6d
77d
t1/2
20
44Ti ???????????????
44Ti from Cassiopeia A Eg1.156MeV 1994 by
COMPTELon Compton Gamma-Ray Obs. (7-1.7)? 10-5
photons/cm2/s (Iyudin et al. 1994)
?????????(?????)????????????
Cf. until 1997 40y lt t1/2 lt 65y
21
1987AFlux Prediction for day 6000(2003)
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Cas A Coincidence between theory and observation?
23
???

• R?????????????????????NeXT???????????(???)
• 44Ti(SN1987A, Cas A, surveys) ??????NeXT,
  (Astro-E2)?????????????????????????????

24
Discrepancy between theory and observation
Crisis of SN explosion models??
25
Decay rate of highly ionized 44Ti
-Shells
L
K
1
1
Atomic Electron Binding Energies
44
K electrons (1S
) ..... 6.6 keV
1/2
L
electrons (2S
) ..... 1.6 keV
I
1/2
44
22Ti
Ti
4
L
electrons (2P
) ..... 1.6 keV
22
II
1/2
3
L
electrons (2P
) ..... 1.6 keV
III
3/2
Theoretically calculated for non-relativistic
electrons point-charge nucleus (simple
estimate) EB(aZ)2/(2n2)? 511 keV
2
K, LI ????????????????
26
Activity Change by Ionization Linear Analysis
27
Bolometric light curve for SN 1987A
upper limit case
ESO
Collision to the inner ring
CTIO
44Ti
( )
Suntzeff 97 02
Motizuki, Kumagai, Nomoto 2003 in prep.
28
SN1987A Titanic Collision on the Inner Ring in
2000

• H-like, He-like ions of O, Ne, Mg, Si observed.
• Te 3 keV,
• Ionization timescale
• nt 6 ? 1010 cm-3 s
• (Michael et al. 2002)