next generation networks

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Next Generation Networks
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Next generation networks (NGN)

• In NGN all traffic will be packet based and
  through IP, subsequently with next generation
  IPv6.
• Offers seamless roaming
• NGN is about convergence all technologies of
  the past and the future
• NGN can be thought of as an object oriented
  networks where objects are various services.

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All in one the converged scenario

• Convergence of voice and data
• Convergence of wire and wireless
• Convergence of circuit switching and packet
  switching
• Convergence of IT and CT
• Convergence of OSS and BSS

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Narrowband to broadband

• DSL broadband networks
• WiMAX broadband wireless networks
• High speed broadband cellular networks
• WiBro

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DSL broadband networks

• Provides the data service over the wires of
  telephone networks
• Can be ADSL or SDSL
• Voice and data connection can be operate
  simultaneously
• Download speed of consumer DSL service ranges
  from 256 kbps to 24000 kbps
• HDSL ( high bit rate DSL) offers much higher
  bandwidth.

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2. WiMAX broadband wireless networks

• WiMAX can be either fixed or mobile
• In fixed WiMAX, do not provide handoff between BS
  so the service providers do not offer mobility
• Mobile WiMAX offers handoffs
• With line-of-sights environment with portable
  WiMAX device, bandwidth can be expected around
  10Mbit/s over 10 km radius.

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3. High speed broadband cellular networks

• High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) is a suit of
  mobile telephony protocols that aim to extends
  and improve the performance of existing UMTS.
• Two protocols of HSPA
• High speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA)
• Provides speed of up to 5.76 Mbits/s
• Uses enhance dedicated channels and faster link
  adaptation methods
• High speed Downlink Uplink Packet Access (HSDPA)
• Provides downlink speeds of 1.8, 3.6, 7.2 and
  14.4 Mbit/s
• And uplink speeds to a max of 384 kbit/s
• Improves downlink performance using faster
  scheduling of packets and quick retransmission
  and adaptive modulation and coding (AMC)

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4. WiBro

• Wireless broadband is south Korean name for IEEE
  802.16e(mobile WiMAX)
• Base stations offers aggregate data throughput
  from 30 to 50 Mbit/s
• Provides mobility for moving devices up to 120
  Km/h compared to WLAN which provides the mobility
  up to walking speed

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All IP and B3G networks

• NGN is also called as beyond 3G.
• B3G concepts and idea includes following
• Transition towards an IP based network
  infrastructure.
• Support of heterogeneous technologies.
• Seamless handover
• Mobility management
• QoS support on the IP layer
• Use of policy-based mechanisms in order to
  determine QoS, accounting and billing
• Network access control of mobile users (i.e.
  deployment of AAA protocols)

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All IP and B3G networks cont

• Secure access to multimedia services across
  different networks
• Access to multimedia services in hybrid IPv4/IPv6
• It will offer RASP that includes reliability,
  availibility, security and performance
• More users per cellular cell
• A highly efficient spectral system
• Backward compatibility with existing wireless
  standards.

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OFDM

• To allow higher spectral utilization OFDM is
  increasing being used.
• Some services that use OFDM today are DSL,
  WiMAX, DVB, GPP LTE
• Based on principle of spreading data over large
  number of carriers
• Advantages
• High spectral efficiency
• Facilitation of transmitter micro diversity
• Robustness against ISI(Inter symbol
  interference). Interference on a given frequency
  only affect small umber of carriers
• Nullls caused multi-path effects
• Good error coding
• Transceiver system must be orthogonal

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OFDM cont
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FAMA/DAMA

• In order to resolve medium access control issues,
  the FAMA protocol was proposed
• It characterized by the assignment of capacity in
  fixed manner among multiple channels
• FAMA can be in different flavours TDMA, FDMA,
  CDMA and DSMA
• Have some potential drawbacks.
• Improvement over FAMA is DAMA protocols have
  capacity assignment in a manner that optimally
  responds to demands from/amongst multiple
  stations.
• Assign channels based on traffic information
• Assignment of channels achieved through
  reservation or polling techniques

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MPLS

• Smarter routing is essential for traffic
  engineering and efficient routing of packets in a
  converged network, MPLS does exactly this.
• MPLS lie between layer 2 and 3
• Make use of labels for data forwarding
• Provides a unified data carriage service
• Runs over any link layer technology
• Scalable enough to support internet growth and
  current IP network operations
• Major applications
• Traffic engineering
• Class of service(CoS)
• VPNs

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• What is MPLS?
• MPLS stands for Multi Protocol Label Switching.
• The MPLS serves as a method to forward packets of
  data easily by using labels.
• Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a
  vendor-independent protocol that applies labels
  to packets providing QOS and advance route
  selection functions.
• MPLS can be implemented over any media-type and
  can be used with point-to-point, multipoint and
  ATM links. MPLS can be used with different
  network layer protocols (hence the term
  multiprotocol) by using a control component
  specific to the desired protocol.
• MPLS can speed up the flow of network traffic and
  make it easier to manage.
• MPLS is flexible, fast, cost-efficient and allows
  for network segmentation and quality of service
  (QoS).
• MPLS also offers a better way of transporting
  latency-sensitive applications like voice and
  video.

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Wireless ATM

• Mobility is incorporated in WATM by keeping the
  following as mandatory
• ATM cell is a basic unit in both wireless and
  backbone
• Standard ATM services at transport layer
• Custom medium access and data link control for
  wireless segment
• Mobility extensions to ATM signalling handoff
  and location management

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An illustration of wireless base stations
connected through an ATM switch
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Wireless ATM

• Service scenarios for WATM
• Providing mobility supports in IP
• ATM connection to appears as a tunnel to IP
• Mobility of tunnel endpoints
• Mobile telephony
• ATM base station terminated GSM radio protocol
• Translates GSM call setup to UNI signling
• Bridging GSM air interface and ATM dial path
• Wireless ATM systems
• End-to-end ATM connection to mobile end points
• Broadband wireless access to the tune of 25 Mbps

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WATM

• Wireless ATM,17 or Mobile ATM, consists of an
  ATM core network with a wireless access network.
  ATM cells are transmitted from base stations to
  mobile terminals. Mobility functions are
  performed at an ATM switch in the core network,
  known as "crossover switch",18 which is similar
  to the MSC (mobile switching center) of GSM
  Networks. The advantage of Wireless ATM is its
  high bandwidth and high speed handoffs done at
  Layer 2. Mobile ATM aimed to provide high speed
  multimedia communications technology, capable of
  delivering broadband mobile communications beyond
  that of GSM and WLANs
• WATM is nowbeing actively considered as a
  potential framework for next-generation wieless
  communicationt ionnetworks capable of supporting
  integrated, quality of-service (QoS)
  basedmultimedia services

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Multimedia broadcast services

• DAB
• DVB
• IPTV
• Internet TV

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Multiple play

• Triple play
• Quadruple play

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Future trends

• 3GPP long term evolution
• iBurst