Foodborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance in niche market antibioticfree ABF and conventionally

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Foodborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance in
niche market antibiotic-free (ABF) and
conventionally reared pigs

• P.Patchanee1
• W.A. Gebreyes1
• P. Bahnson2
• J. Funk3
• J. Mckean4
• 1Dept. of Vet. Prev. Med., CVM, OSU, Columbus, OH
• 2Dept. of Medical Sciences, UWM, Madison, WI
• 3MSU, CVM, east Lansing, MI
• 4ISU, CVM, Ames, IA

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Background

• Significance in swine production and food safety
• Prevalence of these pathogens has declined with
  in-door swine production system
• Increasing number of niche market with
  antimicrobial-free outdoor swine production
• Proliferation of parasitic larvae including
  helminthes and protozoan pathogens
• The role of antimicrobial free swine production
  on the dynamics of bacterial and parasitic
  foodborne pathogens

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Objectives

• To determine and compare Toxoplasma and
  Trichinella infection in the two swine production
  systems
• To evaluate history of Salmonella infection based
  on serological analysis
• Compare with prevalence based on fecal culture

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Project Overview
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Life cycle
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(No Transcript)
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Materials and Methods

• Swine serum samples
• Laboratory analysis methods
• Statistical analysis methods

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Swine serum samples

• 675 sera samples from all the three participating
  states
• Wisconsin, North Carolina and Ohio
• 200 from each
• Niche-market ABF and conventionally reared
  productions
• 300 sera from each production type.
• (100/ production type/ state)

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Laboratory analysis

• Immunological assay
• Parasitic agents
• Toxoplasma gondii
• Trichinella spirallis
• Bacterial agent
• Salmonella spp.
• The Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic
  Laboratory

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Statistical analysis

• SPSS version 14.0
• ?2 analysis
• Statistical significance at plt0.05

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Results

• The overall seroprevalence
• 47 for Salmonella
• 4.1 for Toxoplasma
• 0.3 for Trichinella

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Overall seroprevalence
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Results(2)

• Significantly higher seroprevalence of Salmonella
  from ABF (54) than conventional (41) (plt0.05)
• Significantly higher seroprevalence of Toxoplasma
  from ABF (6.8) than conventional (1.1)
  (plt0.001)

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Salmonella and Toxoplasma seroprevalence
Significantly higher seroprevalence of Salmonella
and Toxoplasma from ABF than conventional
(plt0.05)
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Results(3)

• Salmonella
• 59 for WI
• 34 each- NC and OH
• Two Trichinella positive specimens were found in
  ABF
• One from WI and NC each.
• None of the samples from Ohio were positive for
  Toxoplasma and Trichinella

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Salmonella prevalence (culture by origin and
production type)
Prevalence of Salmonella was significantly higher
(plt0.05) among isolates from ABF (NC and WI) than
conventional.
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Campylobacter prevalence (by origin and
production type)
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C. coli OH Antimicrobial resistance (ABF v.
Conventional)
Significant difference (plt0.05) observed for Ery,
NA and Cip.
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Discussion/conclusions

• Higher Salmonella seroprevalence among ABF than
  conventional
• Same tendency as culture method
• Higher Toxoplasma prevalence among ABF than
  conventional (Plt0.001).
• Potentially serious concern on pork safety two
  positive pigs forTrichinella in
  antimicrobial-free farm (ABF)

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Discussion/conclusions (con)

• Salmonella, Toxoplasma, and Trichinella were
  more commonly present in pigs reared in
  antimicrobial-free, out-door, niche-market type
  of environment than the commercial conventional
  indoor types of herds.
• Out-door rearing risk factor for emergence of
  historically important foodborne pathogens? Need
  for epidemiological investigation

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Acknowledgements

• Funding support
• U.S. National Pork Board (NPB-04-108)
• Technical support
• Members of Bahnson, Funk and Gebreyes lab.
• The Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic
  Laboratory

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Thank you
Any questions?

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