Immune System

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Immune System

• Self Defense!

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Pathogen

• Any disease-causing agent
• Bacteria
• Virus
• Fungi
• Others

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Immune System

• Defends body against disease
• Always working
• Prevents most sicknesses
• Gets you well again if you get sick
• Recognizes Self vs. Non-Self

4
Autoimmune Disorders

• Body cannot distinguish between Self and Non-Self
• May attack Self cells
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Graves Disease

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2 Lines of Defense

• Specific
• Nonspecific

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Nonspecific

• First line of defense
• Works on anything
• Does not matter what kind of pathogen

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Skin

• Oil sweat - acidic
• Covers body keeps stuff out
• Holes in skin let stuff in
• Eyes, ears, nose, mouth, etc.
• Mucus/snot
• Hairs
• Cilia
• Stomach Acid
• Enzymes
• Tears antibiotic salty

8
Inflammation

• AKA Swelling
• White blood cells rush to site of infection

9
Lymph Nodes

• Release WBCs

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Fever

• Crank up the heat
• Try to kill off invaders
• Can only survive in narrow temp range

11
Specific Defenses

• Specific body response to a specific type of
  pathogen
• Varies depending on what is there.
• Complicated!
• Chain-reaction of events

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Antigen

• ID tag on pathogen
• Triggers the specific defenses of the immune
  system
• antiGen is from a
• pathoGen (or Germ)

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2 Specific Responses

• Activate Killer T-cells
• Destroys cells that are infected with pathogen
• Chemical warfare
• Activate B-Cells
• Produce antibodies to label pathogens as
  invaders

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Antibody

• Has binding sites that fit onto a particular
  type of antigen
• Sticks to the antigen to prevent it from
  infecting other cells

antiBody is produced by B-cells (from your
Body)