Family, as a primary social institution, has performed the following functions

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Family, as a primary social institution, has
performed the following functions

• economic support for its members
• emotional support
• education
• socialization
• take care of the aged, sick and disabled
• status transfer
• social channeling
• identity
• Regulate and channel human sexual behavior
• Reproduction
• child rearing

2
Family has gone through some major changes as a
result of Industrialization

• econiomc unit consumption
  unit
• large size small
  size
• extended structure nuclear
  structure
• multifunctional very few
  functions

3
Industrialization Transformed Family Life

• Production takes place outside the home
• Family oriented roles changed to job oriented
  roles.
• Children became economic liability, not assets.
• Industrial economy requires mobile work force and
  then disintegrated extended family.
• Other social institutions take away family
  functions.
• Individualism and competition spread.
• Free choice marriage and marriage base change.

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Major points

• Public-private split (family is private and the
  other parts of society are public) Family is a
  separate sphere?
• Family is deeply embedded in society, family life
  intertwined with the outside world, and social
  structural factors, and its changes are related
  to changes in other parts of society.
• Sociology will examine the broader social context
  under which family operate.
• Variations of family exist throughout history and
  among all groups.
• Public/private split is a false dichotomy.
• Family is always changing, pluralism/diversity is
  the theme in studying family.

5
Family continues to change

• Nuclear ---? single parent family increase (a
  little over 50 are married couple with children,
  27 children live in single parent families, 88
  headed by women Single parent family
  contributes to childrens behavioral problems?)
• Free choice marriage --? cohabitation increased
  tremendously (trial marriage contribute to
  marriage stability?)
• Delay marriage --? single-hood increased (42
  millions adults) why?
• Family emotional support -? family violence/abuse
  (1st cause of women injuries), tripled child
  abuse single 1960s).
• Job role for men --? career women increase in
  dual-income family
• Intact family -? divorce (Divorce rate has been
  more than doubled since 1960 it exceeds 50
  measured by refined divorce rate half of
  marriage rate) blended families and midified
  extended families.
• Fewer children --? DINK families increased, (1.7
  children per women, below replacement level,
  abortion pro-abortion vs pro-choice who are
  them?)
• Regulate Sexual behavior -? reproductive freedom,
  vitro fertilization, more out-of-wedlock birth
  (45 per 1,000) which region? Greatest increase
  in which age group?

6
Why family problems or change in contemporary
times?

• What large-scale social change causes family
  changes?
• 1. Economy transition from industrial economy to
  post-industrial economy
• deindustrialization, suburbanization, capital
  flight, multinational corporation, Middle class
  shrinking,
• increased womens labor force participation.
• 2. Residual factors of industrialization
• family lose functions to other social
  institutions.
• love as the basis of marriage.
• nuclear family structure is intrinsically weak.

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• 3. Political divorce easier no fault
  divorce, legal abortion, womens rights .
• 4. Cultural change
• meaning of marriage sacred --? social
  obligation ---? individual happiness.
• Meaning of divorce disgrace --? Social progress
  -? freedom.
• meaning of sex for reproduction --? pleasure.
  
• Point family victimized by changes in other
  parts of society. (but often used as scapegoat
  for other problems.)

8
Family Life Cycle a sequence of events that
cause transition in roles, behavior expectations

• Family of orientation
• Family of procreation
• Typical stage for people to go through
• first marriage marriage age
• birth of first child
• birth of last child
• empty nest
• family dissolution more widows than
  widower.

9
Marriage and Family patterns

• Mate selection endogamy/exogamy, homogamy
• Marriage system monogamy/serial monogamy
• polygamy polygyny and
  polyandry
• System of authority patriarchy/matriarchy,
  egalitarian
• Descent pattern patrilineal/matrilineal/bilineal
  (bilateral)
• Residence pattern patrilocal, matrilocal,
  neolocal.

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What is a family?

• Functionalist theory the primary social
  institution that perform basic functions in
  society.
• Conflict theory tool for men to dominate women.
• Interactionist theory relationships based on
  negotiated meaning between his family and her
  family.

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Problems Concerning government Family policy

• The U.S. does not have an official family policy.
• Preventive vs ameliorative
• the two-tiered system variation from state to
  state
• different manner in which needy people are
  treated e.g. means-tested, and not indexed with
  inflation
• Myths welfare increases dependency? breeds
  poverty? Government policy aimed to get people
  out of poverty? Welfare continues from one
  generation to the next?