ICAO FSTD Qualification Requirements RAeS International Working Group By Stphane Clment CoChairman i

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ICAO FSTD Qualification RequirementsRAeS
International Working GroupBy Stéphane
ClémentCo-Chairman in the Airplane IWG
Helicopter IWGAnd Leader of Aviation Industry
Regulations, CAEEATS, 12 November 2008, Vienna,
Austria
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Content

• Why did we do the IWG?
• How did we do it?
• Results
• The Future

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RAeS Conference November 2005
A simple question Is it time for simulator
qualification standards to be upgraded?

• A simple answer YES!
• Need for international harmonization
• USA FAA Part 60.a Rule
• Europe from JAA to EASA (Rule)
• New simulation technologies
• FFS Levels A, B, C, Dand E?
• MPL
• Variety of lower level FSTDs
• Helicopter FSTDs emerging
• New, complex aircraft types

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Example Un-harmonized FSTDs

• Different names
• Difficult correlation
• Not good for mutual recognition
• Not good for a global world
• Causes inefficiencies
• ICAO covers only top-level FFS
• And no clear indication of FSTD capabilities with
  respect to pilot licenses, ratings, checks, etc.

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A Sample of the Regulatory Environment

• CAAC, JCAB
• DGCA BCAS (India)
• CAA (Singapore)

• JAA EASA
• National CAA UK, DGACs, LBA, FOCA, STK, ENAC,
  FOCA, DGL, etc

• FAA
• CMOT

• Russia Aviation Authorities, TsAGI

• Harmonization of FSTD Standards not achieved
  internationally
• Causes variability inefficiencies
• Note ICAO has 190 member States

• CTA (Brazil)
• RCAC (Colombia)
• INAC

• SA CAA others
• EGSA

• AU CASA
• NZ CAA

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Content

• Why did we do the IWG?
• How did we do it?
• Results
• The Future

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March 2006 RAeS established the IWG

• IWG Goal update expand the current ICAO 9625
  Document (Manual of Criteria for the
  Qualification of Flight Simulators) into a new
  ICAO document describing
• Technical Requirements for the entire suite of
  FSTDs
• What these FSTDs could support in terms of pilot
  training, testing and checking tasks

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IWG Structure Job Description
RAeS IWG Steering Committee Chairman Don Irving
Technical Sub Working Group
Training Sub Working Group

• Define Qualification Requirements for FSTDs
• Define Validation Tests (objective subjective)

• Identify Training, Testing Checking Tasks in
  FSTDs for all licenses, ratings checks
• Determine level of simulation fidelity required
  in FSTDs

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Who are the IWG Co-Chairmen?
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IWG Composition Communication

• Approx 80 delegates from 16 countries
• FSTD Aircraft Manufacturers Operators
• Pilot associations other Specialists
• Airlines training centres
• Regulatory community
• Meeting sponsors
• Boeing, Airbus, CAAC, IATA, ICAO, RAeS, FAA,
  Opinicus, Thales, CAE
• Industry Wide Briefings
• WATS, EATS, APATS, RAeS, ICAO, EASA, JAA, FAA,
  STIG, CAAC, CASA, Russia FSTD Conf., FSEMC

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Approx 30 IWG Meetings!

• Largest ever FSTD industry harmonization effort
• Estimated Industry effort 8 Million Euros

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www.raes-fsg.org.uk
All can observe and participate
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IWG Airplane Process
Training Types (15)
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15 Training Types

• PPL Private Pilot License
• CPL Commercial Pilot License
• IR Initial Instrument Rating
• ATPL Air Transport Pilot License
• CR Class Rating
• TR Type Rating
• Re Recency (Take-off Landing)
• RL Recurrent License
• RO Recurrent Operator
• CQ Continuing Qualification
• IO Initial Operator
• MPL1 Multi-crew Pilot License Phase 1 Core
• MPL2 Multi-crew Pilot License Phase 2 Basic
• MPL3 Multi-crew Pilot License Phase 3
  Intermediate
• MPL4 Multi-crew Pilot License Phase 4 Advanced

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IWG Airplane Process
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
Training Types (15)
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Example of a Training Task

• Perform Take-off
• 3.1 Perform pre-take-off preparation
• 3.2 Perform take-off roll
• 3.2.1 applies take-off thrust
• 3.2.2 checks engine parameters
• 3.2.3 checks airspeed indicators
• 3.2.4 stays on runway centerline
• 3.3 Perform transition to instrument flight rules
• 3.4 Perform initial climb to flap retraction
  altitude
• 3.5 Perform rejected take-off
• 3.6 Perform navigation
• 3.7 Manage abnormal and emergency situations

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IWG Airplane Process
FSTD Features (12)
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
Training Types (15)
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Simulation Features for Airplane FSTD

• Cockpit Layout Structure
• Flight model (Aero engine)
• Ground Handling
• Aircraft Systems
• Flight controls and forces
• Sound Cue
• Visual Cue
• Motion Cue
• Environment Air Traffic Control
• Environment - Navigation
• Environment - Weather
• Environment - Airports Terrain

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IWG Airplane Process
FSTD Features (12)
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
Training Types (15)
Existing JAA/FAA/ICAO FSTD Requirements
standards
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IWG Airplane Process
FSTD Features (12)
FSTD Fidelity Levels None Generic Representative
Specific
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
Training Types (15)
Existing JAA/FAA/ICAO FSTD Requirements
standards
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IWG Airplane Process
FSTD Features (12)
Supports the training objective.
Training (T)
FSTD Fidelity Levels None Generic Representative
Specific
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
Proficiency (TP)
Training Types (15)
Supports the training objective to proficiency
and allow testing and checking towards the issue
of a licence, rating, or qualification.
Existing JAA/FAA/ICAO FSTD Requirements
standards
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Content

• Why did we do the IWG?
• How did we do it?
• Results
• The Future

Results applauded by many stakeholders in the
Industry
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IWG Training Task Analysis Process
FSTD Features (12)
7 ICAO FSTD Types
Training Tasks (ICAOFAA) (150)
FSTD Fidelity Levels None Generic Representative
Specific
Training Types (15)
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Airplane FSTD Types
ICAO Harmonized
Current
IWG
From 22 to 7 FSTD Types ( includes MPL FSTDs)
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IWG Training Matrix - Summary
7 ICAO Standard FSTD Types
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IWG FSTD High Level Requirements
() ATC Simulation an Industry target rather
than a requirement
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ICAO 9625 Edition 3 - Document Structure
ICAO 9625 Edition 3Manual of Criteria for the
Qualification of FSTDs
Volume 1Aeroplanes
Volume 2Helicopters
Part 2 Defines FSTD Qualification Criteria for
the 7 ICAO Standard FSTD Types includes
Guidance Material
Part 1 Derives Simulation Fidelity Requirements
from Training Tasks, and proposes 7 ICAO Standard
FSTD Types
Part 3 Defines requirements objective tests for
various fidelity levels of simulation features.
Functions subjective tests being reviewed
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New ICAO 9625 Document Timeline

• Aeroplane IWG
• 29 Aug. 08 IWG submitted official first draft
  to the ICAO
• ICAO is reviewing this draft document
• IWG dealing with feedback and refining the draft
  document
• First Quarter 09, Draft ICAO draft document
  available on
• ICAO website for National Aviation Authorities
• RAeS ICAO 9625 Web forum for Industry
• Late 09 Formal publication of the new ICAO
  9625 document for Airplane FSTDs
• Helicopter IWG
• Intentionally approx 18 months behind Aeroplane
  IWG
• Currently no international basis, big safety
  FSTD usage motivation
• Next combined meeting (Training Technical) in
  Dec 2008

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Towards a new ICAO 9625 Doc.

• Phase 1 Airplanes

Phase 2 Helicopters

• 30 Completed

• 95 Completed

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Benefits of the New ICAO 9625 to our Industry

• International harmonization of minimum FSTD
  qualification requirements
• Expansion to all FSTD levels
• More uniform qualification process from Country
  to Country (consistency, less variability)
• Reduction from 22 FSTD types to 7 ICAO Standard
  FSTD types
• More standardized FSTDs should lead to more
  efficiency quality

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Benefits of the new ICAO 9625 (2 of 2)

• New ICAO FSTD types based on international needs
• Based on all Pilot Licenses and Ratings (Training
  Task Analysis)
• For Training, Testing and Checking
• Clarity of FSTD capabilities to support the pilot
  tasks
• Alternative FSTDs for a sub-set of the Training
  needs / tasks
• Easy assessment of capabilities of existing FSTDs
  to meet current and future training needs
• Future-proof
• Training matrix concept enables new technologies
  and training types to be incorporated

Consistency, Harmony, Quality, Clarity,
Flexibility, Efficiency hopefully Safety
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Content

• Why did we do the IWG?
• How did we it?
• Results
• The Future

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Important to form of a mini, permanent IWG

• To support ICAO during publication cycle of ICAO
  9625 Ed. 3
• To support National Aviation Authorites (or EASA)
  who will consider incorporation of ICAO 9625 Ed.3
  content in their regulations
• Likely subject to usual NPA/NPRM processes as
  applicable
• To deal with ICAO 9625 for
• In-service comments
• Gaps of unfinished tasks (eg. MPL3)
• The usual advancement of technology

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Solution International Committee on FSTD
Qualification

• ICFQ
• Under the umbrella of the Royal Aeronautical
  Society
• Membership approx 18-20 representatives from all
  sectors of Industry
• National international focus for technical
  standards related to aeroplane and helicopter
  FSTDs
• First meeting in Dec 2008 to determine priorities
  of the ICFQ

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Process for novelty in ICAO 9625 Appendix D
New technology or training methodology
Proposal for use to NAA
NAA Acceptance on trial basis
No
Yes
Trial result acceptable to NAA
No
Yes
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Overview of Airplane FSTD Documents
1990
2010
1995
2005
2000
2015
AC 120-45A, FTD, 1992
FAR Part60 Change 1 30 May 08
TBD - FAR Part 60 Change 2
FAR Part 60 Initial Proposals
AC 120-40C Draft 1995
AC 120-40B 1991
RULE
?
IWG
ICFQ
ICAO 9625 Issue 1, 1995
ICAO 9625Issue 3, 2009
TBD ICAO 9625Issue 4
ICAO 9625Issue 2, 2003
RAeS IQTG 1995
CASA FSD-1
190 NAAs
JAR STD-1A Initial, 1997
JAR STD-1A Am. 1, 1999
JAR STD-1A Am. 2, 2001
JAR STD-1A Am. 3, 2003
CAA UK CAP453
JAR STD-2A (FTD), 1999
RULE
Legend for arrows Solid point to published docs
Dashed point to predicted docs
JAR STD-3A (FNPT), 1999
CS-FSTD(A) NPA 2008-22d 31 Oct08 to 31 Jan09
JAR-FSTD A (Aug 2008)
Future publications
JAR STD-4A (BITD) 2002
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Summary (1 of 2)

• IWG
• Industry driven largest harmonization effort
  ever
• Done under RAeS umbrella rigorous methodology
• Logically based on Pilot Training Task Analysis
• Done in 2 phases airplanes helicopters
• General Benefits brought by New ICAO 9625 Ed. 3
• Global harmonization basis for mutual
  recognition
• Basis for many future NAA standards / regulations
• FSTDs clearly tied to pilot training needs, for
  all pilot licenses, ratings and checks (including
  MPL)
• Upgraded, expanded modernized
• Better Consistency, Clarity, Efficiency
  hopefully Safety

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Summary (2 of 2)

• Aeroplane Phase
• 7 standard ICAO FSTD types (versus 22 FAA/JAA
  FSTDs)
• Different FSTDs possible, based on different task
  selection
• Draft ICAO 9625 Ed. 3, Vol. 1 (Aeroplane)
  submitted to ICAO
• Early 2009 ICAO makes document available to
  NAAs
• Late 2009 ICAO publishes formal document for
  all Industry
• Helicopter Phase on-going, lags Aeroplane IWG by
  18 months
• The Future
• ICFQ a mini, permanent IWG under the umbrella of
  the RAeS
• To advice and support ICAO with ICAO 9625
• To maintain ICAO 9625
• To advice and support National Aviation
  Authorities

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Thank You!