Class 3: Sacraments of Initiation

1
Class 3 Sacraments of Initiation

• THE SACRAMENT OF THE HOLY EUCHARIST

2
From the Prayer Before Study

• by Thomas Aquinas
• Ineffable Creator...
• You are proclaimed
• the true font of light and wisdom,
• and the primal origin
• raised high beyond all things.
• Pour forth a ray of Your brightness
• into the darkened places of my mind
• disperse from my soul the twofold darkness
• into which I was born
• sin and ignorance.
• You make eloquent the tongues of infants.
• Refine my speech
• and pour forth upon my lips
• the goodness of Your blessing.

3

• Grant to me keenness of mind,
• capacity to remember,
• skill in learning,
• subtlety to interpret,
• and eloquence in speech.
• May You guide the beginning of my work,
• direct its progress,
• and bring it to completion.
• You Who are true God and true Man,
• Who live and reign,
• world without end.
• Amen

4
Introduction

• 1. Completion of Christian Initiation (CCC 1322)
• 2. Perpetuation of the Sacrifice of the Cross
  (CCC 1323)
• 3. Source and Summit of Christian life
• 4. Communion in the Divine Life Sign and Cause
  (CCC 1325 cf. 260)

5
The Holy Eucharist consider.

• Why did Jesus give us the Holy Eucharist?
• How is the Eucharist important for
  Evangelization?
• What is transubstantiation? Is it biblical?
• What does the Eucharist do to people?
• What is the relationship the Eucharist and joy?

6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
Introduction

• 5. Two-fold participation (CCC 1326)
• A. In the heavenly liturgy
• B. In Eternal Life/ Resurrection

10
Names of the Eucharist

• CCC 1328
• Eucharist -- to give thanks
• Creation
• Redemption
• Sanctification

11
Names of the Eucharist

• Memorial of the Lords Passion and Death

12
Names of the Eucharist

• Holy Sacrifice
• Holy and Divine Liturgy
• Most Blessed Sacrament
• Holy Communion
• The Holy Things
• Communion of Saints (1331)

13
Names of the Eucharist

• Holy Mass
• 1. Concludes with Ite Missa Est
• 2. The sending of the prayers to God with Christ
• 3. The sending of the Sacrifice itself to God

14
Names of the Eucharist

• Holy Mass
• And from this the mass derives its name missa
  because the priest sends mittit his prayers up
  to God through the angel, as the people do
  through the priest. or else because Christ is the
  victim sent missa to us accordingly the deacon
  on festival days "dismisses" the people at the
  end of the mass, by saying "Ite, missa est,"
  that is, the victim has been sent missa est to
  God through the angel, so that it may be accepted
  by God.
• (St Thomas Aquinas)

15
The Eucharist in the Old Testament

• The Fruit of the Tree of Life (Gen 2-3)
• The Bread and Wine of Melchizedek (Gen 1418)
• The Sacrifice of Isaac and the lamb of God (Gen
  221-8)
• The Passover Sacrifice (Ex 12)
• The Bread from Heaven (Ex 16)
• The Manna
• The Quail
• The Tabernacle of Moses (Ex 25)
• The Bread of the Presence

16
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• The context Passover (Jn 64) cf. Ex 12
• Feeding the five thousand
• Prefigures superabundance of the Eucharist (CCC
  1335)
• He blessed, he broke, he gave (Matt 1419 Luke
  2219)
• When he had given thanks (eucharistesas) Jn
  611
• Response of crowd the New Moses (cf. Deut
  1815-19)

17
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• The demand for a sign Moses and Manna (John
  630 Exodus 16)

18
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• The Bread of life discourse Two interpretations
• Metaphorical (eating believing)
• Sacramental (refers to the Eucharist)
• Caphernetic (cannibalism)

19
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• Part One The Necessity of Faith ( John 635-47)
• Importance of belief in the Son
• Faith as a gift from the Father

20
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• Part two The necessity of the Eucharist (John
  648-58)
• The New Manna comes down from heaven and gives
  eternal life
• is my flesh
• Jews understand him literally, and he does not
  correct them

21
The Bread of Life Sermon (Jn 6)

• The Necessity of eating his flesh and drinking
  his blood (John 655)
• The disciples response a hard saying and they
  depart
• Key resurrection and ascension Jesus risen
  flesh (CCC 1392)
• The flesh is useless

22
John 6

• Jesus use of the words phagein and trogein

23
The Last Supper The Institution of the Eucharist
(Lk 22)

• The context of the Last Supper The Jewish
  Passover (GK Pascha) (Ex 12)
• Kill the lamb (Ex 126, 46)
• Dip a hyssop branch in the blood of the lamb
• Sprinkle the blood on the doorposts and lintel
• Eat the flesh of the lamb
• Sign of the covenant is the blood of the lamb (Ex
  2113 cf. Ezek 9, Rev 7)
• Passover a day of remembering to be observed
  forever (Ex 1214, 24)
• A night of watching (Ex 1240-42)

24
The Last Supper The Institution of the Eucharist
(Lk 22)

• The New Passover transfiguration topic Behold
  I make all things new (Rev 215)
• The New Lamb Jesus himself
• The New Sacrifice Bread and wine
• The New temple Jesus body (cf. John 2)
• The New priesthood Jesus and the twelve
• The New Covenant the family of God restored (Jer
  3131-33)
• The New Israel the 12 tribes restored (Luke
  2228-30)
• The New Creation bread and wine transformed into
  Jesus Body and Blood

25
The Last Supper The Institution of the Eucharist
(Lk 22)

• What is the link between this new Passover and
  the crucifixion?
• One explanation the fourth cup in the Passover
  meal

26
The Last Supper The Institution of the Eucharist
(Lk 22)

• THE FOURTH CUP
• Jewish passover liturgy had multiple cups
• 3rd cup The cup of blessing (cf. 1 Cor
  1016-17)
• Singing of the final Hallel (Psalm 116)
• 4th cup The Cup of Consummation

27
The Last Supper The Institution of the Eucharist
(Lk 22)

• THE FOURTH CUP
• Jesus does not complete the Passover!
• He vows not to drink of the fruit of the vine
  again (Mt 2629)
• They sing the hymn then leave! (Mt 2630)
• Jesus in the garden Take this cup from me) Mt
  26
• Jesus does not drink on the way to the cross (Mt
  2734)
• The Crucifixion (John 1925-30)
• I thirst
• He drinks It is finished..

28
Three-fold dimension of the Eucharist

1. Thanksgiving and Praise to the Father
2. Sacrificial memorial
3. The Presence of Christ

29
Thanksgiving and Praise to the Father

• CCC 1359
• Most basic motif act of thanksgiving for ALL
  creation, redemption, sanctification
• Offered on behalf of all creation to the Father,
  through and with Christ.

30
Sacrificial Memorial

• CCC 1362
• Memorial of Christs passover
• Anamnesis recalling and making present (in
  memory of his death and resurrection, we offer
  you Father.
• This mighty deeds become present and real (CCC
  1363)

31
Sacrificial Memorial

• Sacrificial character in Christs own words
• This is my body which is given for you
• This cup which is poured out for you is the New
  Covenant in my blood

32
Sacrificial Memorial

• The Eucharist re-presents the Sacrifice of the
  cross (makes present) (CCC 1366)
• This is ONE SINGLE SACRIFICE (CCC 1367)

33
The Presence of Christ in the Eucharist

• CCC 1373
• by the power of his word and the Holy Spirit

34
The Presence of Christ in the Eucharist

• CCC 1373
• by the power of his word and the Holy Spirit
• Various modes of Christs presence at Mass
• Most especially in the Eucharistic Species
• Unique the end toward of all the other
  sacraments
• Ipse Christus

35
The Presence of Christ in the Eucharist

• CCC 1374
• The Eucharist is Jesus Christ
• Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity
• Humanity and Divinity
• The Whole Christ is truly, really, substantially
  contained.
• real in the fullest sense
• Substantial whole and entire

36
Transubstantiation

• CCC 1376
• Whole substance of bread and wine into whole
  substance of Christ
• CCC 1377
• Doctrine of Concomitance whole Christ present in
  the species and in each of their parts (He is not
  divided though the species are)

37
Substance an appropriate word?

• Used officially at Fourth Lateran Council in 1215
• Biblical usage Our Fatherepi-ousios
• St. Ambroses De Sacramentis (AD 380)
• We receive the figura of the body and blood of
  Our Lord Figura substantia

38
Council of Trent

• Formulated our doctrinal language for the
  Eucharist with precision
• CCC 1376
• cf. 13th session of Trent

39
Heretical theories of Eucharistic Presence

• Symbolic Presence
• Eucharist is purely symbolic
• Ulrich Zwingli (a father of the reformation)
• Baptists, many non-denominational protestants

40
Heretical theories of Eucharistic Presence

• Spiritual Presence
• Christs SPIRIT is present, not his body
• John Calvin
• Anglican Church
• Many non-denominational Protestants
• Modernist Catholics

41
Heretical theories of Eucharistic Presence

• Consubstantiation
• Christs body and blood exist alongside the bread
  and wine
• Incarnational analogy makes it believable
• Competitive nature of human nature is the problem
• Martin Luther (impanation)
• Some Anglicans

42
Worship of the Eucharist

• Paul VI The Church has always offered and
  continued to offer the cult of adoration not
  only during Mass but outside of it. (CCC 1378)
• Importance of Eucharistic adoration (CCC
  1380-1381)

43
Holy Communion

• Requirements for reception (CCC 1385)
• Preparation (CCC 1386-88)
• Minimal requirements (1389)

44
Fruits of Holy Communion

• CCC 1391
• Augments of Union with Christ
• Nourishes spiritual life
• Separates us from sin
• Wipes away venial sins
• Preserves from future mortal sins
• makes the Church (CCC 1396)
• Commits us to the poor (e.g., Mother Theresa)

45
For next time....

• Read introduction (p. 1-15), Ch 1 (p. 1-23) of
  the GIRM and familiarize yourself with the layout
• Read Catechism section on Sacraments of Healing
• Be ready for quiz on the Holy Eucharist

46
General Instruction of the Roman Missal

• Third edition of the Roman Missal promulgated in
  2001 (in Latin)
• November 12, 2002, Bishops in USCCB approved
  Institutio Generalis Missalis Romani, confirmed
  by Holy See in 2003
• It is the authoritative norm of interpreting and
  celebrating the 2002 Missal

46
47
Layout of GIRM

• Preamble
• Importance/Dignity of the Mass
• Structure of the Mass
• Duties and Ministries of the Mass
• Different forms of the Mass
• Arrangement, Furnishings
• Requisites of the Mass
• Also.

47
48
Layout of GIRM

• The choice of the Mass and parts
• Various circumstances, Masses for dead
• Adaptations for Bishops, conferences
• Index

48
49
Highlights of the GIRM

• Common issues....

49