Introduction to the Digestive System

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Introduction to the Digestive System
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Digestive System

• Large complex molecules broken down into simpler
  molecules
• Long ________ beginning with mouth and ending
  with the anus

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Digestive Systems

• Man and pig have a simple stomachs with an
  extensive intestinal system
• Ruminants have a complex stomach with a simpler
  intestinal system

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Digestive System

• Mouth _________ tool (grasps food)
• Salivary glands secrete juices containing enzymes
  (digest food)
• Chewing food breaks down
• Esophagus muscular tube that connects mouth to
  stomach
• _________ Movement sequential contraction of
  ringlike muscles
• Reverse Peristalsis vomiting

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Simple Stomach

• Muscular contractions break down food
• Enzymes break down food
• Gastric enzymes break down ______
• Liver and pancreatic enzymes break down
  ___________

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2 Major Digestive Systems

• Both systems will be addressed in detail in the
  lesson to follow
• Ruminantshave _____ stomach compartments
• Monogastricshave ______ stomach compartment

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Digestive System

• Small Intestine long coiled tube connecting
  stomach to large intestine
• rest of the _______ and _______ takes place here
• surface covered with villi (increase surface area
  and absorption)
• Large Intestine Cecum, colon, rectum
• absorbs _____ (makes feces more solid)
• some vitamins and minerals absorbed here

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Digestive System

• Accessory organs
• Pancreas secretes enzymes to break down _____
• Liver (largest internal organ) secretes bile,
  which ______ fats
• also stores iron

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Label the Digestive Tracts
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Digestion Lab
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Materials Needed

• Small pieces of apple
• Distilled white vinegar
• Water
• Diagram of the digestive system
• 1 plastic straw
• 1 sponge
• 1 eye dropper
• 1 funnel
• 1 utensil
• 2 plastic cups
• Paper towels
• Lab Procedures

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Lab Procedures

• After each procedure, record what you observed
  and how this step is directly related to the
  digestive process and which organs are
  represented.

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Lab Procedures

• Label one of your plastic cups 1 and the other
  2
• In cup 1, crush the pieces of apple with the
  utensil and add al little water to the mixture
  using the eye dropper.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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Lab Procedures

• Using the funnel, carefully pour the mixture into
  the plastic straw and using your hands, squeeze
  it into cup 2. Set aside cup 1.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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Lab Procedures

• Add a small amount of distilled white vinegar to
  the mixture in cup 2 using the eye dropper.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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Lab Procedures

• Carefully pour the mixture onto the sponge and
  allow the liquid portion to be absorbed. The
  nutrients are enclosed in the liquid, while the
  waste is the solid material.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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Lab Procedures

• Carefully scrape the solid pieces off of the
  sponge and palce them on the paper towel to
  absorb the remaining water.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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Lab Procedures

• Dispose of all the wastes in the trashcan.
• How is this directly related to the digestive
  process? Which organs are represented?

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