1.List: as many BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors as you can find...separate lists please ? 2. What is the difference between a population and a community? 3. How is a community different from an ecosystem? How are they similar?

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1.List as many BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors as
you can find...separate lists please ?2. What is
the difference between a population and a
community?3. How is a community different from
an ecosystem? How are they similar?
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Ecology isthe study of how living things
interact with their environment.

• An ECOSYSTEM isall of the living AND non-living
  things within an area.
• A HABITAT is the place where an organism gets
  FOOD, WATER, and SHELTER.
• An ecosystem can have many different types of
  habitats within it.

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Types of Factors in an Ecosystem

1. BIOTIC Factors- These are the living things in
   the ecosystemall of em! This includes the
   plants and animals as well as microorganisms
   (like bacteria).
2. ABIOTIC Factors- These are the non-living things.
   They include WATER, SUNLIGHT, OXYGEN,
   TEMPERATURE, and SOIL. Lets look at these a
   little closer.

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ABIOTIC FACTORS

• Water- Ok, thats a no-brainerever been
  thirsty? Well you aint alone. So has every
  other living thing on the planet. Youre not
  specialget over it.
• Most living things are mostly watermostly (70
  /-)!
• Water is a crucial reactant in photosynthesis and
  respiration. Ohnow you wanna know what crucial
  means.

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1. Sunlight- Yupyou need that for photosynthesis
   (wellnot you unless you happen to be a
   photosynthetic autotrophuhhhthats a plant or
   certain bacteria).
2. Oxygen- Most living things need this gas. Air
   breathing critters get it from the air (duh!).
   Others get it from the water (theres oxygen
   dissolved in the water).

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• Temperature- Every living thing has a range of
  temperatures within which it can survive. Ever
  go outside in the middle of winter without a
  coat? Welltheres yer limit right there. Come
  on in or DIE (oknot instantly or anything
  dramatic like thatbut eventuallynever mindjust
  come back inside). Theres actually a name for
  thisRange of Tolerance. Shhhh! Its high
  school stuffdont tell anyone you learned that
  ?

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What is a POPULATION?

• Well, I am glad you askeda population consists
  of ALL of the members of ONE SPECIES that live in
  a particular area.
• The area can be huge (the entire Earth) or really
  small (a drop of water).
• Some populations migrate (they dont stay in one
  place)

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COMMUNITIES

• A COMMUNITY consists of all of the populations
  that live in an areathats all of the bunches of
  different living organisms.

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Hierarchy(a bit more detail)
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Interactions Among Living Things

• An Organisms Adaptations Enable it to Survive.
• Populations of organisms can accumulate
  beneficial adaptations over time depending upon
  the nature of their environmentthats called
  NATURAL SELECTIONmore on that when we study
  evolution.
• Anyway, every organism has a unique role in its
  ecosystemthats called a NICHE.

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• The NICHE includes
• Type of food
• How food is obtained
• What organisms eat THIS one.
• When and how reproduction takes place
• Physical conditions required for survival
• How the organism interacts with other organisms.

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Interactions Among Organisms

• Lets look at THREE major types of interactions
• COMPETITION
• The struggle between organisms to survive in a
  habitat with limited resources.
• Resources include food, water, space, and mates.

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• PREDATION
• One organism hunts and kills another.
• The predator does the killin and eatin.
• The prey does the gettin killed and et.
• PREDATOR ADAPTATIONS speed, sharp teeth and/or
  claws, venom, night vision, radar, infrared
  spotting scopes and air to ground rocketsokI
  made that last one up.

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• PREY ADAPTATIONS Camouflage, protective
  coverings, warning coloration, mimicry, false
  coloring
• Predation can have a major affect upon prey
  populations.
• If the death rate exceeds the birth
  ratepopulation goes down.
• Predators and prey have an important
  relationship. When we interrupt this natural
  balancetrouble ?

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SYMBIOSISA close relationship between two
species in which at least one species benefits.

• MUTUALISM Both benefit (/). Such as the
  clownfish and sea anemone. Each one protects the
  other against predators.
• COMMENSALISM One benefits, the other gets squat
  (/0). Example remoras hitch rides on sharks
  and eat the scraps from the sharks meal. The
  shark dont get nuthin.

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• PARASITISM One organism benefits the other
  organism is harmed (/-). The organism that
  benefits is called the parasite, and the one that
  is harmed is called the host. Example Fleas and
  dogs.