FUNGI!

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FUNGI!
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FUNGI!!

• Mostly multi-cellular, but can be unicellular
• Can not move
• Heterotrophs
• Decomposers absorb nutrients

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Fungus Structure
Septa
Hyphae
Mycellium

• Hyphae thread-like filaments that develop spores
• Septa cross walls that divide hyphae into
  individual cells
• Mycellium the network of branched hyphae

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Fungus Structure

• Mycellium is made of different kinds of hyphae
• 3 main functions
• Anchor fungus
• Invade food source
• Form reproductive structures
• Cell walls made of Chitin
• Provides strength and flexibility to each fungal
  cell

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Obtaining Energy

• Heterotrophic Decomposers
• Process used to digest food Extracellular
  digestion
• Hyphae grow into cells of organic material and
  release digestive enzymes that break down
  material and sent it thorough hyphae into the
  fungus

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Types of Fungi Zygomycote

• Bread Molds
• Food Molds

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Types of Fungi Basidiomycotes

• More Familiar
• Mushrooms, puffballs, stink holes, and nest fungus

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Types of Fungi Ascomycote

• Largest division
• Sac Fungus-small sacs of fungus
• Used in genetic research, bread and alcohol
  production
• Examples yeast

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Types of Fungi Deuteromycotes

• Used in vaccines penicillin, antibiotics
• Examples Penicillium

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Types of Fungi Chytridiomycotes

• Aquatic fungi that provide clues about the
  evolution of fungi
• Once classified as protists because they have a
  flagella
• Mainly saprophytes, but some are parasites
• One of the reasons for the decline of amphibians

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Types of Fungi Glomeromycota

• Form symbiotic relationships with plants
• Forms a mycorrhiza, symbiotic relationship
  between the fungus and plant roots
• Reproduce asexually with spores

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Fungal Reproduction

• Sexual or asexual, depending on species and
  environmental conditions
• Three methods
• Fragmentation Asexual
• Budding Asexual
• Spore Formation Asexual OR Sexual

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Fungal Reproduction

• Fragmentation
• Multicellular. Pieces of hyphae are broken off
  and grow into new mycelia. Ex Deuteromycotes
• Budding
• Unicellular. After mitosis, new cell buds from
  the original. Ex Zygomycotes
• Spore Formation
• Multicellular. Spores produced in a sporangium.
  Once spore is in a favorable environment where
  new mycellium is formed. Ex Basidiomycotes,
  Ascomycotes, Zygomycotes

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Symbiosis In Fungus

• Mutualism Fungus and photosynthetic partner
• Lichens Fungus and Green Algae
• Parasitism Absorb nutrients from living things
  with special hyphae that help absorb the hosts
  nutrients
• Saprophytes Decomposers feed on dead waste