Day 52 Turmoil and Change in Mexico

1
Day 52 Turmoil and Change in Mexico

• Homework 388-393 (1-8)

2
Santa Ana and Mexican American War

• Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
• Leader of Revolt 1821 and 1829- 1833 President
• Leads army against Texas Revolt
• Anglo Population moved to Tejas but did not
  follow Mexican Culture or Law (religion and
  slavery)
• Alamo
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

3
La Reforma

• 1831 Benito Juarez a Zapotec from Oaxaca
  becomes President
• Rose in power even in a system that did not give
  many opportunities to Indigenous
• La Reforma- land redistribution, separation of
  church and state, and increased education
• Conservatives and liberal civil war- Juarez
  becomes President

4
French Invasion

• 1862 The Battle of the Pastries
• Cinco de Mayo
• Napoleon III names Archduke of Austria
  (Maximillian) as Emperor
• 1867 seen as to costly so French pull out-
  Maximilian is executed
• Juarez is replaced as president- dies of a heart
  attack in 1872

5
Porfirio Diaz

• 1876-1911 Diaz takes over militarily as caudillo
• Policy of Pan o Palo
• Eliminated Mexican Constitution
• Supported by foreigners
• Industrial Progress but severe gap between rich
  and poor. Wages decline.
• Hacienda- virtual slavery
• Average life expectancy 30

6
Revolution

• Francisco Madero called for democracy and was
  exiled
• Sectional Warfare breaks out against Diaz
• North (Sonora, Chihuahua) Francisco Pancho
  Villa
• South (Oaxaca, Chiapas) Emiliano Zapata- Demands
  Agrarian (farm land) reform

7
Emiliano Zapata

• It is better to die on your feet than to live
  on your knees.

8

• Francisco Madero caught between too radical and
  not revolutionary enough becomes president but
  resigns
• Victoriano Huerta has him assassinated
• Villa and Zapata support Venstiano Caranza
  defeat Huerta then Caranza turns army against
  Villa and Zapata
• US supports Caranza and invades Veracruz to stop
  weapons shipments
• Alvaro Obregon is assassinated
• PRI- becomes stable party from 1930-2000

9
The Zapatistas by Jose Clemente Orozco
10
The Execution of Emperor Maximilian by Edouard
Manet