Definitions and Modalities for including afforestation and reforestation project activities under Article 12 in the first CP

1
Definitions and Modalities for including
afforestation and reforestation project
activities under Article 12 in the first CP

• Modalities for addressing non-permanence
• Claudio Forner
• secretariat

2
Contents

• Introduction
• General requirements
• Proposals and options for modalities
• Tables for discussions

3
Introduction

• Non-permanence is related to the temporary nature
  and reversibility of sinks.
• Carbon contained in terrestrial ecosystems is
  vulnerable to anthropogenic and natural
  disturbances.
• These disturbances can cause either partial or
  total loss of the carbon stock, thus reversing
  any environmental benefit resulting from carbon
  sequestration.

4
General requirements

• Viability demonstration of technical, financial
  and legal liability
• Liability (Definition, entities, timeframe and
  nature)
• Risk assessment and management
• Lifetime of projects
• Accounting for changes in carbon stocks

5
Accounting for changes in carbon stocks
Total stock approach
Average stock approach approach
Delayed approach
Certification (and issuance)
Certification and issuance
Tons
Time
6
Proposals and options for modalities

• Insurance (notification, flagging of CERs and
  replacement)
• Credit reserves
• Buffers
• Temporary CERs
• Temporary net credits

7
Issues related to tCERs

• Nature of a TCER (establishment of the period of
  validity)
• Arbitrary (e.g. 5 years)
• Crediting period
• Period of sequestration
• The end of the first CP
• Expiry of a tCER (replacement)
• Re-issuance of a tCER

8
Tables for discussions

• The tables will summarise
• Feasibility and technical and legal issues that
  need to be considered
• Text to be drafted or amended
• Further work
• Draft tables have been prepared for each of the
  identified proposals including options where
  available.