krakatoa

1
krakatoa
the dark mountian
2
Where is krakatoa

• Unlike what the film says krakatoa is actually to
  the west of Java and southwest of Sumatra. It is
  part of Indonesia

This is modern day krakatoa
3
When did it erupt

• Krakatoa erupted in 1883 4 times in two days
  ,once on the 26th of October at 1707,and three
  times on the 27th at 0530, 0644 and 1002.

4
What damage did it do
Anak krakatoa was created by the explosions. It
is in the middle of the island which was partly
destroyed
The fourth explosion caused a giant tsunami
(bigger than those created by the other three)
which destroyed many coastal towns in the Saundra
strait . The Tsunami managed to cause small sea
level oscillations as far as the English channel
5

• 1. The explosions were heard on Rodriguez
  Island, 4653 km distant across the Indian Ocean,
  and over 1/13th of the earth's surface.
• 2. Ash fell on Singapore 840 km to the N, Cocos
  (Keeling) Island 1155 km to the SW, and ships as
  far as 6076 km WNW. Darkness covered the Sundra
  Straits from 11 a.m. on the 27th until dawn the
  next day.
• 3. Giant waves reached heights of 40 m above sea
  level, devastating everything in their path and
  hurling ashore coral blocks weighing as much as
  600 tons.
• 4. At least 36,417 people were killed, most by
  the giant sea waves, and 165 coastal villages
  were destroyed.
• 5. When the eruption ended only 1/3 of Krakatau,
  formerly 5x9 km, remained above sea level, and
  new islands of steaming pumice and ash lay to the
  north where the sea had been 36 m deep.

6

• 6. Every recording barograph in the world
  documented the passage of the airwave, some as
  many as 7 times as the wave bounced back and
  forth between the eruption site and its antipodes
  for 5 days after the explosion.
• 7. Tide gauges also recorded the sea wave's
  passage far from Krakatau. The wave "reached Aden
  in 12 hours, a distance of 3800 nautical miles,
  usually traversed by a good steamer in 12 days".
• 8. Blue and green suns were observed as fine ash
  and aerosol, erupted perhaps 50 km into the
  stratosphere, circled the equator in 13 days.

7

• 9. Three months after the eruption these products
  had spread to higher latitudes causing such vivid
  red sunset afterglows that fire engines were
  called out in New York, Poughkeepsie, and New
  Haven to quench the apparent conflagration.
  Unusual sunsets continued for 3 years.
• 10. Rafts of floating pumice-locally thick enough
  to support men, trees, and no doubt other
  biological passengers-crossed the Indian Ocean in
  10 months. Others reached Melanesia, and were
  still afloat two years after the eruption.
• 11. The volcanic dust veil that created such
  spectacular atmospheric effects also acted as a
  solar radiation filter, lowering global
  temperatures as much as 1.2 degree C in the year
  after the eruption. Temperatures did not return
  to normal until 1888.