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December 26, 2004

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December 26, 2004 – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: December 26, 2004


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December 26, 2004
  • Sumatra Earthquake
  • Indian Ocean Tsunami

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Tsunami 101
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How a Tsunami Works
  • A tsunami may be less than a foot in height on
    the surface of the open ocean, which is why they
    are not noticed by sailors.
  • But the powerful shock wave of energy travels
    rapidly through the ocean as fast as a commercial
    jet.
  • Once a tsunami reaches shallow water near the
    coast it is slowed down.
  • The top of the wave moves faster than the bottom,
    causing the sea to rise dramatically.

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Indian Ocean TsunamiWave Propagation in Hours
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Indian Ocean TsunamiDecember 26, 2004
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Tsunami Background
  • A tsunami is not a single wave but a series of
    waves, also known as a wave train. The first wave
    in a tsunami is not necessarily the most
    destructive.
  • Tsunami waves can be very long (as much as 60
    miles) and be as far as one hour apart. They are
    able to cross entire oceans without great loss of
    energy. The Indian Ocean tsunami traveled as much
    as 3,000 miles to Africa, arriving with
    sufficient force to kill people and destroy
    property.

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Tsunami Facts
  • The 2004 Sumatra tsunami killed over 123,000
    people.
  • The most damaging tsunami on record before 2004
    was the one that killed an estimated 40,000
    people in 1782 following an earthquake in the
    South China Sea.
  • In 1883 some 36,500 people were killed by
    tsunamis in the South Java Sea, following the
    eruption of Indonesia's Krakatoa volcano. In
    northern Chile more than 25,000 people were
    killed by a tsunami in 1868.

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Tsunami Dangers
  • Many people were killed by the Indian Ocean
    tsunami because they went down to the beach to
    view the retreating ocean exposing the seafloor.
  • Apparently they were unaware that this phenomenon
    precedes a killer wave. Experts believe that a
    receding ocean may give people as much as five
    minutes' warning to evacuate the area.
  • Because tsunamis can approach the shore as fast
    as 100 miles per hour it is often too late to get
    away if you see one. An approaching tsunami is
    not something to be admired unless you are safely
    on high ground.

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Tsunami Dangers
  • Remember that a tsunami is a series of waves and
    that the first wave may not be the most
    dangerous.
  • The danger from a tsunami can last for several
    hours after the arrival of the first wave.
  • A tsunami wave train may come as a series of
    surges that are five minutes to an hour apart.

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Banda Aceh, capital city of Sumatra
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Tsunami - 2004
A Close View of Trinkat Island
IRS-P6 AWiFS Image of 26-Dec-04
IRS-P6 AWiFS Image of 21-Dec-04
Pre-Event
Post-Event
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Works Cited
  • BBC
  • National Geographic
  • Oceansonline.com
  • Office of Naval Research
  • Reuters
  • USGS
  • Wikipedia
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