3.02 The Information Superhighway

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Unit 3 Internet Basics

• 3.02 The Information Superhighway

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Introduction

• In Lesson 3.01, you learned that computers are
  networked so that they can share data, programs,
  and devices.
• A computer network may be small or it may be
  large the largest network known to us, of
  course, is the Internet.
• The World Wide Web is the collection of
  information that is available through the use of
  the Internet.

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Introduction

• Computers are organized and located on a network
  through their IP addresses.
• Just like you have a home address where you can
  receive snail mail, your computers IP address
  allows email to find you.
• When a web page is uploaded through a file
  server, the server computers IP address becomes
  part of that websites URL address.
• Because numbers are difficult to remember, most
  host computers apply for a domain name for their
  IP address.

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Introduction

• At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
• Describe networked computer functions (ACOS
  1.B1)
• Identify the parts of a URL
• Apply Boolean logic to narrow Internet searches
• Distinguish between search box and address box

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Lesson Untangling the Web

• Computer Addresses
• Known as Uniform Resource Locators (URL)
• Organizes computers on the Internet
• No two computers have the same URL address
• Enables computers to be located

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Lesson Untangling the Web

• Parts of the URL
• Protocol
• Machine Address (a name for its IP number)
• Host computer, which is Web server
• They accept requests from Web browsers
• Folders
• That need to be opened
• To locate exact file being requested
• Slashes (/) represent folders
• Last part is the actual filename followed by file
  extension identifying the file as an HTML file
• The basic structure of a URL is
• protocol//server-name.domain-name/directory/file
  name

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Lesson Untangling the Web

• What is a Domain Name?
• Gives a name to the server computers IP number
• It identifies the computer that is a server
• Have to apply for a domain name
• With Internet provider
• So that no machines can have the same address
• A country code is sometimes, but not always,
  included
• Example .ac.ukindicates that its located on an
  academic server in the United Kingdom
• Many U.S. servers do not have the country code in
  their UR

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Lesson Untangling the Web

• Misc.
• In the URL, a tilde usually indicated a
  personal web directory rather than being part of
  the organization's official web site.
• Slashes (/) represent directories
• Generally speaking, the more directories, the
  more complex the site
• Domain and server names
• not always good clues about the source of
  information
• People can call their servers any name they wish

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Lesson Searching the World Wide Web

• The Difference Between Search Box and Address Box
  
• There are two text boxes at the top of Web
  browsers be sure to key into the correct box
• If you know an exact URL address, key it in the
  Address Box
• If you do not know an exact URL address and know
  only a topic that you want to search, key that
  search topic in the Search Box

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Lesson Searching the World Wide Web

• The Difference Between Directories and Search
  Engines
• Directories are human-compiled
• Example Yahoo
• Search Engines are machine-compiled and has more
  content than Directories
• Example Google

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Lesson Searching the World Wide Web

• Searching
• Be as specific as possible
• Because in broad searches, you will be
  overwhelmed with information
• To narrow down searches
• Use operators such as and -between your search
  words
• Use AND, OR, NOT between search words
• To look for exact words in order, enclose them in
  .

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Lesson Searching the World Wide Web

• Boolean Searching
• OR can be used to search for synonymous terms or
  concepts.
• AND will retrieve records in which BOTH of the
  search terms are present
• NOT excludes records from your search results

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Lesson Searching the World Wide Web

• Now lets see if you can identify the parts of a
• URL,
• a Web site,
• and an e-mail message.
• Go to Wisc-Online Internet Components.
• Enter your first and last name
• Complete Internet Components Skills Check 3
• Take a screenshot once you complete it
• Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
• 3.02 Skills Check 3

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Lesson Boolean Logic

• Much Internet database searching is based on the
  principles of Boolean logic.
• Boolean logic refers to the relationship among
  search words, and is named for the British-born
  Irish mathematician George Boole. It is a way of
  revising your searches so that you will not be
  overwhelmed with information.
• A Boolean search consists of three logical
  operators
• OR
• AND
• NOT

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Lesson Boolean Logic

• Learn more about narrowing your Internet
  searches,
• Go to
• Internet Tutorials Boolean Searching on the
  Internet.
• Scroll down to the bottom of the page
• Take a screenshot of
• Quick Comparison ChartFull Boolean vs. Implied
  Boolean vs. Search Form
• Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
• 3.02 Boolean QC Chart

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Lesson Side Trip

• You learned in Unit 1 that the Brain of your
  computer is the Central Processing Unit, and you
  have just completed the Computer Networking
  section.

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Lesson Side Trip

• Have you ever thought about how you think?

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Lesson Side Trip

• The Internet is a network of hyperlinked
  documents and your brain is a network of thoughts
  and ideas.

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Lesson Side Trip

• Have you ever thought about something and that
  led you to think about something else and that
  process continues until you end up thinking about
  something not at all related to your original
  thought?

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Lesson Side Trip

• Well, that is how our brain worksit is a network
  of 100 billion nerve cells called neurons that
  act much like the electrical signals in your
  computer. Thoughts are networked together.

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Lesson Side Trip

• That is why your teachers have you study concept
  maps.
• A concept map is a special form of a web diagram
  for exploring knowledge and gathering and sharing
  information.
• A concept map consists of nodes or cells that
  contain a concept, item or question and links
  (like hyperlinks).
• The links are often labeled and they explain the
  relationship between the nodes.
• How much do you know about your brain?
• Take the How Stuff Works Brain Quiz and find out.
  
• Take a screenshot at the end of the quiz after
  you click on See Results
• Save to your F Drive Unit 3 Folder as
• 3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz

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Summary

• If you know a particular websites URL, you can
  key that into the address box.
• If you do not know the URL address, then conduct
  an Internet search using the search box.
• When searching on the Internet, use techniques,
  such as the Boolean operators OR, AND, NOT, to
  narrow your searches so that you will not be
  overwhelmed with hits.

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Task

• Conduct an Internet search of Tim Berners Lee.
• How many results did you find?
• Now, revise your search and in the search box
  beside Tim Berners Lee, add the following NOT
  boolean operators
• NOT invented
• NOT Web
• NOT hyperlinks.
• Your search should read as follows
• Tim Berners Lee NOT invented NOT Web NOT
  hyperlinks
• How many search results are reported now?
• Explain in your own words how a computer network
  is like your brain
• (Hint Slide 18 20).

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Task 1 Continued

• Answer the 2 questions below as well.
• How are computers located on a network?
• You are interested in radiation but not nuclear
  radiation. Using Boolean Logic, how would you
  enter that into the search box?
• Type out the questions and your answers to all 5
  questions in complete sentences using proper
  English.
• Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as
• 3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.

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Are you finished?

• You should have 7 things saved on your F Drive in
  your Unit 3 Folder.
• 3.01 Network Tutorial
• 3.01 How Networks Work
• 3.01 History and Internet Dropbox
• 3.02 Skills Check 3
• 3.02 Boolean QC Chart
• 3.02 How Stuff Works Brain Quiz
• 3.02 Searching the Web Dropbox.
• So, are you finished?