Topography

1
Topography

• Understanding How to Use Topographic Maps to Map
  Watersheds.
• Can topography affect watershed contaminations?

2
Get the Gist

• Name the most important who or what
• Identify the most important information about the
  who or what
• Rephrase the main idea into own words
• Limit responses to 10 words or less

3
Get the Gist of Reading

• Reader pauses after every paragraph to shrink it
  into a main idea statement
• Each partner reads for 5 minutes
• Listening partner is the coach

4
Gist Coaching

• If readers statement does not tell most
  important who, what or thing Coach says Thats
  not quite right. Try again.
• If reader says too many whos or whats
• Coach says Choose the most important
• If readers main idea is more than 10 words .
• Coach says Shrink it.
• Remember you want your partner to figure out the
  answer for him or herself.

5
Cant Get the Gist?

• If neither reader or coach knows the answer, the
  Coach raises his or her hand and asks the teacher
  for help.

Sea Level O feet
6
YOUR MISSION!

• You and your gist partners need to get the gist
  of the following slides on journal page 13.
• Divide the page into 6 boxes.
• Record the gist of each slide in 10 words and
  answer any questions from the slides in your
  journal.
• Check your answers with a click

7
Get the Gist of Topography

• A contour line is defined as a line of equal
  elevation on the map. If you were to walk on a
  contour line painted on the ground around the
  side of a hill you would neither go up nor down,
  but remain level throughout. The difference
  between contours, known as the contour interval,
  is selected by the mapmaker. For any given
  topographic map, the contour interval remains the
  same. On topographic maps, every fifth contour
  line, or index contour, regardless of map scale,
  is shown in bold, and has an elevation value of
  even hundreds.

• One continuous contour line represents a specific
  elevation.
• A contour interval is the distance between two
  lines.
• Index contours are bold every fifth line valued
  in even hundreds.

Get the Gist And Record Answers in Your Journal
on Pg 13 in first of six boxes
(800 - 700) is 100 foot index contour intervals
100 feet divided by 5 intervals 20 feet per
intervals
8
Reading Elevations

• Using the map to estimate the elevation of the
  points marked with letters
• Point A An easy one.  Just follow along the
  index contour from point A until you find a
  marked elevation.  On real maps this may not be
  this easy.  you may have to follow the index
  contour a long distance to find a label.
• Point B This contour line is not labeled.  But
  we can see it is between the 700 and 800 contour
  line.  From above we know the contour interval is
  20 so if we count up two contour lines.
• Point C is not directly on a contour line.  But
  by counting up from 700 we can see it lies
  between the 760 and 780 contour lines.  Because
  it is in the middle of the two we can estimate
  its elevation as
• Point D is outside the interval between the two
  measured contours.  While it may seem obvious
  that it is 20 above the 800 contour, how do we
  know the slope hasn't changed and the elevation
  has started to back down?  We can tell because if
  the slope stated back down we would need to
  repeat the 800 contour.  Because the contour
  under point
•  

Point A 700
Point B 740
Get the Gist And Record Answers in Your on
Journal Pg 13
Point C 770
D is not an index contour it can not be the 800
contour, so must be 820.
9
Map Reading Activity Topography Test Your Skills
Get the Gist And Record Answers in Your on
Journal Pg 13 Click to Begin
1 2 3 4 5 2 3 45 65 4 3 2
1
Predict the color of the elevations on the topographic map as follows. Red 50m and higher, Orange 40-50m, Yellow 30-40m, Light green 20-30m, Dark green 10-20m, Purple 0-10m. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
red
orange
yellow
light green
dark green
purple
Get the Gist And Record Answers in Your on
Journal Pg 13
2. Approximately how tall is Able Hill? _____________________
About 42m
More questions. Keep recording answers
3. Approximately how tall is Baker Hill? ___________________________
About 51m
4. Which mountain is taller, and by about how much? ___________________________
Baker by about 9m
5. How many meters of elevation are there between contour lines on the topographic map? __________________
10m
6. Which mountain has steeper slopes? ___________________________
Baker
Baker
7. Are the contour lines closer together on Able Hill or Baker Hill? _____________________
10
Topography Water Movement

• Use Gist to summarize each of these 3 paragraphs
  in 3 separate sentences.
• Water flows
• Water merges into
• A watershed

• How do contours relate to water flow? A general
  rule
• of thumb is that water flow is perpendicular to
• contour lines. In the case of the isolated hill,
  water
• flows down on all sides of the hill. Water flows
  from
• the top of the saddle or ridge, down each side in
  the
• same way water flows down each side of a garden
• Wall.
• As the water continues downhill it flows into
• progressively larger watercourses and ultimately
  into
• the ocean. Any point on a watercourse can be used
• to define a watershed. That is, the entire
  drainage
• area of a major river like the Merrimack can be
• considered a watershed, but the drainage areas of
• each of its tributaries are also watersheds.
• Each tributary in turn has tributaries, and each
  one of
• these tributaries has a watershed. This process
  of
• subdivision can continue until very small, local

Get the Gist And Record Answers in Your Journal
on Pg 13
On this slide, it is up to you to decide if you
get the gist.
11
Topography in Landscapes

• Sometimes topography maps look like
  this
• But sometimes topography maps or diagrams look
  like this

Give me the Gist of the differences in these
maps. How do different map views change use?
12
The Gist of Topography Diagrams

• Photos and diagrams can also be described by
  using the Get the Gist method. Look at the
  diagram at the left and list ten words of your
  own to describe the features of this landscape
  which may affect water movement.
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.
• 9.
• 10.

slope stream development watershed wetland infiltr
ation wells lakes karst divide drainage tile
Record list on journal page 13
13
Your Mission is Complete!

• You just use the Gist to summarize learning.
• Now you
• can find contour elevations on topography maps
• calculate contour intervals
• locate and recognize index intervals
• describe water movement according to topographic
  landscape

Next Mission Can topography affect watershed
contaminations?
14
Bibliography Credits

• http//www.enchantedlearning.com/geography/mapread
  ing/
• http//edeninitiative.com/watersheds.htm
• http//raider.muc.edu/mcnaugma/Topographic20Maps
  /contour.htm
• http//raider.muc.edu/mcnaugma/Topographic20Maps
  /topomapindexpage.htmMenu
• http//www.epa.gov/owow/watershed/
• http//water.usgs.gov/wsc/