COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2

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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Information-processing theory of
cognition or cognitive development framework
for understanding cognition that is built on a
set of assumptions about how humans acquire and
use information.
Hardware Software
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Limited capacity assumption
that there are constraints on 1. How much
information we can think about at any one
time, 2. How long we can hold information in
mind before it is lost, and 3. How quickly
we can process information.
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Information Flow the Store
Model Sensory Register first information-process
ing store. Stimuli briefly noticed.
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Information Flow the Store
Model Working or Short-term Memory second
information-processing store. Stimuli are
retained for several seconds and operated upon.
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Information Flow the Store
Model Sensory Register first information-processi
ng store. Stimuli briefly noticed. Working or
Short-term Memory second information-processing
store. Stimuli are retained for several seconds
and operated upon. Long-term Memory third
information-processing store, goes to permanent
store for later use.
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives Central Executive Control
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Information-Processi
ng Perspectives
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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Development of Attention
• Changes
• Planful attentional strategies

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Development of Attention
• Changes
• Planful attentional strategies
• Selective attention
• Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Development of Attention
• Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
• Inattention
• Impulsivity/Behav. Disinhibition
• Hyperactivity
• Deficient Rule-Governed Behavior
• High Variability in Task Performance

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Development of Attention
• Helping ADHD kids thrive
• Rules and instructions need to be
• Presented prior to situation
• Clear
• Brief
• Visually backed up
• Presented one-on-one with eye contact

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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Brain scan images
produced by positron emision tomography (PET)
show differences between an adult with ADHD
(right) and an adult without the disease (left).
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Basic definitions
of Memory Event memory Autobiographical
memory Strategic memory Mnemonics
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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Memory in Infants
• Recognizing caregivers
• Reinforcement with a Mobile

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Memory in Children
• Working Memory

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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Memory in Children
• Working Memory
• Long Term Memory (General)
• Childrens Long Term Autobiographical Memory
• Toddlers memory skills
• Infantile amnesia
• Childrens Eyewitness Testimony

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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2 Children as
Eyewitnesses
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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Development of Memory Strategies
• Rehearsal
• Organization
• Elaboration
• Retrieval

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Processing Strategies
• Production Utilization Deficiencies
• Multiple Variable-Strategy Use

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• COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT, PART 2
• Why Does Memory Improve with Age?
• Working memory capacity
• Memory strategies
• Metamemory
• Knowledge base