Ancient%20Greece

1
Ancient Greece

• 2200 B.C.E. 323 B.C.E.

2
Geography

• Mountains
• Small, scattered coastal plains
• Sea
• Islands Geographic Isolation
• Hot arid climate suitable for growing grapes
  olive trees

3
Early Settlements

• 7000 B.C.E. Early Neolithic Settlements
• 3000 B.C.E. Bronze is introduced
• Minoans make the most rapid advancements

4
Minoans

• Crete (150 x 35 miles)
• 2000 B.C.E. height of civilization
• Capital - Knossos
• 1380 B.C.E. Conquered by the Mycenaeans

5
Minoan Society

• Not ethnically or racially Greek
• Early sea traders Crete was not suited for
  farming
• Social Classes
• King
• Middle Class
• Lower Class
• Status of Women
• Developed written language
• Linear A (Crete)
• Linear B (Greece)

6
Minoan Religion

• Mythical King Minos worshipped as a god
• Sacred Bull
• Revered for strength and power
• Minotaur
• Bull Leaping

7
Mycenaeans

• Thought to be the first true Greeks
• Powerful city-states
• Strong kings
• Heavily fortified cities
• Warlike
• Wealthy
• Metallurgy
• Trade

8
Mycenaeans go to War

• 1200 B.C.E.
• Attack and destroy the city of Troy
• Trojan War (Homers Iliad and Odyssey)
• Later devastated by the Peoples of the Sea (end
  of 1200s B.C.E.)

9
The Greeks Religion

• Anthropomorphism
• Creation Myth
• Gods
• Zeus
• Hera
• Poseidon
• Hades
• Athena
• Apollo
• Hermes

10
The Olympians
11
The GreeksGovernment

• City-States (polis)
• Athens, Sparta, Corinth
• Parthenon on the Acropolis
• Republic
• Rule by citizens
• Limited Citizenship

12
The Greeks Conflict

• Athens
• Originally a monarchy
• Society based on wealth (land ownership)
• Age of Tyrants
• Draco
• Solon, Solons Code

• Sparta
• Republic with strong leaders
• Distinct social classes
• Contributions
• Constitution
• Assembly
• Council of Elders
• Moral Code
• The Spartan Code

13
The Golden Age of Greece

• Quest for knowledge challenges religion and
  science
• Socrates
• Socratic method
• Question everything
• Plato
• The Republic
• The Allegory of the Cave
• Aristotle
• Lyceum

14
Political Themes

• the influence of Minoan and Mycenaean and even
  Persian societies on the later Greeks
• the diversity of ways in which the Greeks ruled
  themselves in their city-states (from kingdoms to
  limited democracies)
• the powerful regional influence the
  Greek/Hellenistic empire had on the Mediterranean
  basin

15
Regional influence the Greek/Hellenistic empire
had on the Mediterranean basin

• developed from its international maritime trading
  network
• the establishment of colonies for both trade and
  the reduction of population pressure on the
  Balkan Peninsula
• the conquests of Alexander the Great

16
Social Structures and long term influences

• the existence of slaves
• a patriarchal gender structure that pervaded all
  aspects of Greek society
• and discussions about the equality and rights of
  citizens in a society (even though those citizens
  were only male).

17
Cultural Themes

• Enduring legacies
• philosophical,
• Scientific,
• literary writings
• spread south and eastward with the subsequent
  Hellenistic empires and west and northward with
  the Roman empire.