Enabling Battle Command for Current and Future Forces

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Enabling Battle Command for Current and Future
Forces

• COL George F. Stone III
• Acting Director
• US Army Battle Command, Simulation and
  Experimentation Directorate
• Army G-37, Pentagon
• [phone]

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Agenda

• What is Battle Command?
• CSAs Regression Equation for Warfighting
  Effectiveness based on
• Training
• Education
• Experience
• The Future of Battle Command
• Future Combat Systems (FCS)
• Joint Command and Control
• Conclusion

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What is Battle Command?

• BC is the art and science of applying leadership
  and decision making to achieve mission success.
  BCBL Web Site
• Army Battle Command System (ABCS) employs a mix
  of fixed/semi-fixed installations and mobile
  networks and will be interoperable with theater,
  joint, and combined command and control systems.
• Future Combat Systems (FCS) will be a system of
  systems featuring advanced network-enabled air
  and ground maneuver, maneuver support, and
  sustainment systems with manned and unmanned
  platforms.

Battle Command entails the continual
collaboration between commanders, subordinates
and staff. --TRADOC Pamphlet 525-3-0.1, The
United States Army Objective Force Battle Command
(C4ISR) Concept, U.S. Army Training and Doctrine
Command, Fort Monroe, Virginia, 5 Mar 2003.
A web search for Battle Command resulted in
about 3,490,000 hits.
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The Process
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BATTLE COMMAND The Leaders Formula for Success
Battle Command provides agile dominant Teaching,
Learning and Leadership capabilities for
high-performing and adaptive warfighting teams.
Training (T), Education (E1) and Experience
(E2) factors highly affect the warfighters
effectiveness
TE1E2
Warfighting Effectiveness f(D O M) x (S x
L)
S Soldiers L Leaders T Training E1
Education E2 Experience
D Doctrine O Organization M Materiel
GEN Schoomaker
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Exponential Regression Equations for Warfighting
Effectiveness (WE) Training, Education and
Experience as variables
TE1E2
Warfighting Effectiveness f(D O M) x
(BC)

• The original regression equation is shown with
  Battle Command (BC) as the main variable of
  interest.
• S x L is combined and replaced by Battle
  Command since Battle Command entails the
  continual collaboration between commanders,
  subordinates and staff. 2
• Other variables are held constant to demonstrate
  power of TEE Variables on BC.

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Battle Command Tasks
Each of these tasks will be assessed based on the
factors of Training, Education and Experience
how well is the task enhanced by these factors?
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Example BC Situational Awareness Tasks

• Benefits
• Synchronized
• planning process
• Consistent operational
• architectures (nodes
• their activities)
• Good understanding of
• capabilities
• requirements
• Strong habitual
• relationships forged in
• training
• Procedures enable success
• Ability and Flexibility to coordinate changes

• Results if not executed correctly
• Unsynchronized plans
• Ripple effect on planning to include fires
• Increased potential for sub-optimal use of
  assets
• Delayed offensive actions
• Increased potential for fratricide
• Inability to effect link-up

• BC1 Acquire and Distribute Relevant Information
• BC2 Apply Judgment and Analysis to Understand
  the Situation

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Warfighting Effectiveness Prediction
Predicted (Exponential Regression) Values for the
Warfighting Effectiveness

• Warfighting Effectiveness is maximized through
  Training, Education and Experience for the BC
  tasks
• BC1 Acquire and Distribute Relevant Information
• BC2 Apply Judgment and Analysis to Understand
  the Situation

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Urgency of Need is based on the Future Growth of
BC Systems

• A Unit of Action (UoA) will have approximately
  690 FCS systems
• This involves an enormous amount of C2
• Battle command is for all entities on the network
• How much is automated vs. manual?
• Will commanders and leaders be able to control
  and command UoAs?
• Next level up is the Unit of Employment, likely
  to have about 3500-4000 systems on its network
• With about 150 different types of joint/DoD
  systems, the UoE and UoA systems will link to the
  Global Information Grid Enterprise System

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Battle Command vis-à-vis FCS

• The Army believes
• nontraditional fighting tactics coupled with
• an extensive information network
• will compensate for the loss of size and armor
  mass
• by utilizing information superiority and
  synchronized operations to
• see, engage, and destroy the enemy
• before the enemy detects the future forces.

GAO-03-1010R, FCS Program Issues, United States
General Accounting Office, Washington, DC, August
13, 2003.
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Future Battle Command Must Also be Networked in a
Joint context

• Network-enabled warfare will be used to
• Gain information superiority
• Locate and identify the enemy
• Kill from a standoff range before the enemy can
  engage us
• Joint interoperability will
• Network FCS to a joint C4ISR architecture
• Enable Synchronous operations
• Provide a complete and joint situational awareness

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Conclusion

• Battle Command is essential for effective
  execution in both joint and combined operations
• Experiences should also be garnered to share and
  build and develop these factors.
• The effects on training, education and experience
  may potentially (and exponentially) raise
  warfighting effectiveness to unprecedented
  levels.
• Recommend that the Army study and apply this
  approach in order to
• Enable the art of Battle Command for
  network-centric operations using the CSAs
  regression equation.
• Enhance the experience, education and training
  systems for soldiers and leaders for higher
  levels of Warfighting Effectiveness