Ergogenic aids

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Ergogenic aids

• An ergogenic aids is any substance that aids
  performance

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• Nutritional aids
• Carbohydrate loading
• Pre event meals
• Post event meals
• Food fluid intake during exercise

Hormones and anabolic steroids
ERGOGENIC AIDS
Nasal strips
Caffeine
Alcohol
Creatine
Blood doping and
erythropoietin (EPO)
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Carbohydrate loading
This process involves the muscles super
compensating and increasing glycogen stores. The
athlete consumes a diet high in fat and low in
carbohydrate. After 3 days, training is tampered
down and athlete consumes a high carbohydrate
diet which increases muscle glycogen levels
BENEFITS long duration aerobics e.g. marathon
runner
Increase in fat
Normal athlete
Running
After 20 minutes
Decrease in carbohydrate
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Carbohydrate loading
Increase in carbohydrate due to extra glycogen
stores
Increase in fat
Carbohydrate loading
Running
After 20 minutes
End of race
Decrease in carbohydrate

• RISKS
• Training without sufficient stores is very
  difficult and quality may be lost in the
  run up to competition
• - Danger of depleted stores if you dont follow
  the correct diet prior to competition
• - Athlete may be gain weight because of water
  retention

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DIETARY MANIPULATION

• PRE-EVENT MEALS
• Pre event meals are eaten two four hours
  because it ensures that liver glycogen stores are
  high.
• Who benefits - game players/aerobic athletes as
  they rely on the breakdown
  of glucose for energy
• Risks -Hypoglycaemia (large amount of blood
  glucose stimulates insulin to remove the
  glucose)

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DIETARY MANIPULATION

• POST-EVENT MEALS
• The best time to consume a post-event
• meal is as soon as is practical after the
  event.
• Who Benefits activities that utilised
  carbohydrate as an energy source.
• Risks none

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fluid intake during exercise
Dehydration fatigue The body sense of thirst
is a poor indicator as the body becomes thirsty
after dehydration therefore athlete should
replace fluid at every opportunity
3 types of sports drink Hypertonic
Contain large amounts of carbohydrates to
provide energy Isotonic Contains around
the same amount of carbohydrate as contained
in the blood Hypotonic Contains less
carbohydrate. Massages
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Other aids to performance

• CREATINE
• Increasing the amount of creatine in the diet,
  the performer can maximise the amount of
  phosphocreatine.
• Who benefits 100m sprinters, which stores
  allows athletes to perform longer greater amount
  of PC stores
• Risks Strain in organs and increase in
  dehydration

• CAFFEINE
• Can help improve mental alertness, concentration
  and reaction time
• Benefits endurance athletes due to potential
  increase in fat metabolism
• Risks increase nervousness, anxiety and
  increase in dehydration

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Other aids to performance

• ALCOHOL
• a relaxant in quite small quantities
• absorbed into the body as an alternative to water
  therefore causes dehydration
• quite small quantities of alcohol can cause a
  drastic loss of performance
• Darts player drink to control nerves and feel
  more relaxed

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Other aids to performance

• BLOOD DOPING
• Involves removing red blood cells from the
  body and storing them and allowing the body to
  replace them . The process takes about 5 weeks
  after which the original red blood are
  reintroduced to the body. Therefore more there
  will be an increase the amount of oxygen reaching
  the working muscles
• ERYTHROPOIETIN
• Is a hormone that stimulates the body to create
  more red blood cells
• Risks
• - Increase in blood viscosity can put a huge
  strain on the heart
• - Blood clots and heart failure have been
  reported

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Other aids to performance

• Hormones and anabolic steroids
• Anabolic steroids (nandralone) are thought
• to increase muscle mass and help recovery.
• Who benefits High intensity short duration
• benefit (weight lifters)
  
• Risks
• -effects the balance of sex hormones,
  testosterone oestrogen
• - Suffer from acne, weak joints aggressive
  tendencies

Dwain Chambers Banned for 2 Yrs.
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The end