Ergogenic Supplements

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Ergogenic Supplements
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DSHEA (1994)

• Allows individuals unrestricted access to food
  supplements
• Must fall into one of the following categories
• Vitamins Metabolites
• Minerals Constituents
• Herbs Extracts
• Botanicals Amino Acids
• No control from the FDA

3
Supplemental Market

• Billion dollar industry
• Market to all ages, including minors
• Often utilize false claims or use anecdotal
  evidence
• Little if any research done on the drug
• Often numerous risks associated with due to poor
  quality control

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What is a Natural Supplement?

• Nothing synthetic or artificial
• Often persuades the public that it is safe
• Often confused with organic
• Thought to be needed for human function
• Perceived that it CANNOT hurt the body

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Things to Consider

• Risk changes for differing age groups
• If a product is deemed unsafe, it is often still
  available on the market
• Natural supplements cant cause a drug test
  failure

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Risk Factors

• Accuracy to ingredients and the percentage of
  each
• Potency
• Inclusion of contaminants

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Risk Factors cont.

• Supplemental Purity
• Amount of active ingredients
• Proper labeling
• Strength of the ingredient
• May contain illegal drugs
• Toxicity
• Age related
• Interactions with other supplements
• Unwanted fillers
• Table 13-2

• Interactions
• Adverse reactions with other OTC/Rx drugs
• Identify examples identified on Table 13-1
• Contamination
• Supplements are not held to the high standards of
  the FDA
• Impacted by soil, growing environment, packaging

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Natural Ergogenic Aids

• Sport Drinks
• Energy Drinks
• Dietary Supplements
• Vitamins/Minerals
• Amino Acids
• Proteins
• EPO

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Sport Drinks

• Electrolytes
• Sodium/Potassium
• Glucose
• Carbohydrates
• Water
• Colors dyes

10
Energy Drinks

• Extreme amounts of caffeine
• Ginseng
• Carbohydrates
• What else? Table 13-3

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Dieting Techniques

• Carbohydrate loading does it work?
• No need for depletion phase
• No supportive evidence
• Adkins Diet
• High proteins, low fat/carbohydrates
• Zone Diet
• 40 carbs/30 proteins/30 fats

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Vitamins/Minerals

• Should be addressed through normal diet
• What about vitamin E and C?
• No supportive research
• Reduces cholesterol
• Improve immune system

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Amino Acids/Protein

• Amino Acids
• Tissue rebuilding
• Heavy training
• Provide supplemental energy source
• All claims have not been proven in clinical
  studies
• Amino acids are water soluble therefore what
  the body cant use is excreted

• Protein
• Whey protein (amino acid)
• Increase protein synthesis
• Accelerate protein replacement
• No supportive reseach

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EPO

• Rx
• Enhance RBC production
• Improve O2 carrying capacity
• Synthetic drug
• Difficult to test for
• Little research on the effects
• Unknown on amount to use
• Danger of blood becoming too thick
• Excessive strain on the heart
• EPO has replaced blood doping