Optical Multistage Interconnection Networks: New Challenges and Approaches

1
Optical Multistage Interconnection Networks
New Challenges and Approaches

• Yi Pan, Chunming Qiao,
• Yuayuan Yang.

Interconnection Networks ???e??d?? Te?d?s??? ?.?.
- 99
2
??sa????

• ?as??? s?stat??? t?? ?pt???? d??t??? ? 2x2
  e?t??p?a? p?? ?e?t????e? a?????a µe t?? t?s?.
• Optic Mins
• Free space optics.
• Guided wave technology.
• Hybrid electronic routing and switching.
• All optical switching.
• Sta ?ß??d??? eµfa?????ta? ?a??ste??se?? ???? t??
  µetat??p?? t?? s?µ?t??.
• ?ts? ????µe switching ?????µat?? network
  controller.
• Sta ded?µ??a packet switching ?a??te?? ???s?
  e????? ?a?a????.

3
?pt??? MINs

• Path-dependent loss, e????? a?????? µe t?? a???µ?
  t?? d?a??pt?? st? µ???p?t?.
• Crosstalk.
• ?at? t? d?asta???s? t?? s?µ?t??.
• ??sa st? d?a??pt?.

4
?p?f??? t?? Crosstalk

• Space dilation.
• ?e??ss?te??? d?a??pte? e?asfa?????? ?t? t? p??? 1
  e?s?d?? ?a? µ?a ???d?? ???e d?a??pt? ?a
  ???s?µ?p??e?ta? ???e st??µ?.
• Time dilation.
• S??d?se?? p?? ???s?µ?p????? ????? d?a??pt?
  e??a??d????ta? se d?af??et??? ?????.

5
Space dilation

• Duplicate hardware.
• ?? 2 x 2 ??e? 4 e?s?d??? e??d??? a???
  ???s?µ?p?????ta? ?? µ?s??.
• ?? ? x N ?a ??e? 2? e?s?d??? ?a? e??d??? a???
  µ??? ? µp????? ?a ???s?µ?p???????.
• ??a ta d??t?a µp????? ?a d?????????.
• ?.?. Banyan.
• ??st?? t? pe??ss?? hardware.

2 x 2 DBN d??t??
6
Time dilation

• ????sµ?? t?? µet??es?? se crosstalk and
  conflict free (CF) ?p?µet??es?.
• ?? ??st?? ? a???µ?? t?? ?????? ??a t?? ???p???s?
  ???? t?? CF ??a µ?a µet??es?.
• ? time dilation fa??eta? ?a e??a? p??
  ap?te?esµat??? se s??s? µe t? ??st?? p?? e?s??e?
  af?? ep???e? crosstalk ?a? conflicts ta?t?????a.
• ?p????µe ?a a?ta??????µe bandwidth ??a ????
  a???µ???? s??desµ???t?ta?.

7
???s?µ???s? ???t???

• ??? t??p?? e?????? e??? ???.
• Stage control.
• Switch control.
• ???s?µ???s? e??? p?????? ? x N d??t??? µe ? CF
  mappings µe ???s? XOR ?a? ????? e??????.
• Emulations
• Full network 2N CF.
• Ring 2 CF.
• Mesh 4 CF.
• CCC 3 CF.
• Hypercube logN CF.

8
???at?t?ta ?eta??se??

• Semi permutation.
• ?e???? µet??es? p?? e?asfa???e? ?t? ?p???e? µ???
  ??a? e?e???? s??desµ?? p?? pe??? µ?sa ap? ???e
  e?s?d? ?a? ???d? ???e d?a??pt?.
• ?p??e? ?a ???p????e? crosstalk free.
• ???e µet??es? µp??e? ?a ????ste? se semi
  permutations.
• ?p??? a??????µ?? ap? ?e???a ???f?? se ?(?) ??a ?
  e?s?d??? e??d???.
• ??µ??????a d?µe???? ??af?µat?? µe s??e?e??
  d?as??se?? eµp??? ?a? p?s? ??a ta s??dedeµ??a
  µ???.
• ?????pt??? ?? semi permutations.
• ?? p??ß??µa t??a µp??e? ?a te?e? ?? ? ???p???s?
  a?t?? se crosstalk free d??t?a.
• ???e µet??es? t??????st?? 2 passes se
  ?p???d?p?te ?xN ??? ???? t?? pe?????sµ?? CF st??
  e?s?d?.

9
???a?e? S??d?se?? 1

• ???ta e??a? ep???µ?t? ?a µp????? ?a e??p??et?????
  a??a??ete? s??d?se?? se ?s? ????te???? ???????
  ???eta?.
• ????st???? a??????µ?? ??a t?? e??p???t?s? t?t????
  s??d?se?? se Banyan staged controlled Odd
  Even.
• Control word input XOR output.
• ??? s??d?se?? µe ?d?? control word pe????e ap?
  ?d?? d?a??pt? ?ta? Hamming Distance 1.

10
???a?e? S??d?se?? 2

• ???????µ??
• ?at??????p???s? t?? s??d?se?? a?????a µe ????
  e?s?d?? ?a? ?s?t?µ?a.
• Oi (control word i, odd parity).
• Ei (control word i, even parity).
• Same parity Hamming Distance gt 2.
• If Oigt0 ? e??p???t?s? t?? s??d?se?? t?? Oi
  se ??a ????? ????? crosstalk. ??t?st???a ?i.
• ?? ß??t?st?? t? p??? ?/2 s??d?se??.
• ???t?st?? s?????s? Oi ?a? ?i se ??a ?????
  ?ta? ???eta? ?ste ?a µe?????? s??????? ?? ??????.

11
?a?at???se??
12
???t?se??\?p???e?

• ?