Module Nine EATING DISORDERS

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Module NineEATING DISORDERS

• Lesson 1 Anorexia Nervosa
• Lesson 2 Bulimia Nervosa

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Lesson 1

• ANOREXIA NERVOSA

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Step 1 Theory presentation

• In reality Anorexia Nervosa is not an eating
  disorder.
• It is a chronic disorder mainly manifested to
  young women (10 women to 1 man).
• It is manifested in 15 women over 100.000
  people..
• It is usually manifested in wealthy people.
• In some groups, like fitness instructors, dancers
  etc. is manifested more often.
• Many people with this disorder, manifest during
  their life other mental disorders as well, mainly
  Depression.
• It is estimated that 15 of these cases end up
  to death.

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Step 2 Slide projection

• Slide 9.1.1 Causal factors of Anorexia Nervosa
• Psychological
• Avoidant personality characteristics.
• Perfectionist personality characteristics
  (childs image)
• Disorder in figures perception
• Equalize the slim figure with emotion of value or
  possibility to control oneself.
• Retrogression for fear of adult sexuality.

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Step 2 (continued)

• Family
• High percentages of mental disorders in the
  family.
• Dominating mother, passive and ineffective
  father, inflexible family with over involved
  members and avoidance of conflicts.

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Step 2 (continued)

• Cultural
• Society which considers important being fit
• Conflict and fluid expectations regarding womans
  role
• Use of food as communication mean

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Step 2 (continued)

• Biological
• Connection with Depression, as it appears from
  the manifestation in the same families.
• Neurochemical disorders (serotonin decrease,
  hypothalamus abnormalities etc.) which might also
  be a result of starvation

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Step 3 Slide projection

• Slide 9.1.2 Clinical manifestation of Anorexia
  Nervosa  
• The person denies to maintain the appropriate
  weight regarding its age and height.
• Is afraid of putting on weight.
• Cause vomiting after eating.
• Takes too much exercise.
• Uses diuretics.
• Has distorted body image.
• Absence of menstruation.
• Might manifest depressive symptoms.
• In advanced progress states manifest hypothermia,
  ankle oedema, low heart rate, hypotension, thin
  and soft hair as a newborns, coma, death.

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Step 4 Slide projection

• Slide 9.1.3 Therapeutical interventions for
  Anorexia Nervosa
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• Diagnosis and treatment of physical disturbances
• Gain of normal weight
• Eating training
• Psychotherapy
• Pharmacotherapy
•  
•  

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Step 5 Questions and comments (5?)

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Lesson 2

• BULIMIA NERVOSA

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Step 1 Introduction

• Bulimia Nervosa, characterized also as dietetic
  chaos syndrome, is a disorder manifested in
  young girls during adolescence or early
  adulthood.
• About 4 of girls in this age are attacked.
• These girls usually have long history of eating
  difficulties and about one third of these has
  manifested Anorexia Nervosa in the past.

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Step 2 Slide projection

• Slide 9.2.1 Clinical manifestations of Bulimia
  Nervosa  
• Continuous occupation with food
• Normal weight
• Recurrent episodes of overeating
• Causing vomiting after eating
• Alternative periods of starvation
• Use of diuretics
• Intense fear of weight gain

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Step 3 Slide projection

• Slide 9.2.2 Similarities and differences between
  Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa
• Similarities
• Gender mainly women
• Age adolescence or early adulthood
• History long lasting eating problems
• Clinical image fear of weight gain, causing
  vomiting, use of diuretics
• Etiology multifactor (psychological, family,
  cultural, biological factors)
• Therapeutical treatment versatile (Cognitive,
  Behavioral, Family therapy, Eating training,
  Antidepressants)

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Step 3 (continued)

• Differences
• Age BN later than AN
• Rate of incidence BN more frequent than AN
• Clinical image AN distorted image of oneself,
  AN many physical distortions, BN normal
  weight, BN overeating episodes
• Therapeutical treatment AN hospitalization
  often required, AN Chlorpromazine
• Expectations (prognosis) AN 15 death from
  complications BN much better, but often subsides
  

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Step 4 Questions and comments (5?)