Folie 1

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Scotland a brief outline

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Geography

• c. 5 million people
• Central Belt
• Glasgow, Edinburgh
• Highlands and Islands Hebrides (Western Isles),
  Orkneys, Shetland Islands - Inverness
• Ben Nevis 1343m
• Aviemore, Cairngorms
• Loch Lomond and the Trossachs
• Loch Ness
• Southern Uplands

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Ben Nevis
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Names for Scotland

• Scotland
• Alba
• Caledonia
• Dalriada

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History

• Up to 800 AD - Picts and Gaels
• 563 St. Columba comes to Iona from Ireland

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History

• 843 Kenneth I, King of Picts and King of Scots
• From 1066, gradual increase in Norman influence,
  particularly through David I
• 13th century first meetings of the Scottish
  parliament
• 1294 onwards Edward I (Hammer of the Scots)
  tries to impose rule on Scotland
• 1297 Battle of Stirling Bridge. William Wallace

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• 1306 Robert Bruce crowned King of Scotland

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• 1314 Battle of Bannockburn
• Edward sent homeward tae think again

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Flower of Scotland
The hills are bare nowAnd autumn leaves lie
thick and stillO'er land that is lost nowWhich
those so dearly heldAnd stood against himProud
Edward's armyAnd sent him homewardTae think
again

• O flower of Scotland When will we seeYour like
  againThat fought and died forYour wee bit hill
  and glenAnd stood against himProud Edward's
  armyAnd sent him homewardTae think
  againThose days are passed nowAnd in the past
  they must remainBut we can still rise nowAnd be
  the nation againThat stood against himProud
  Edward's armyAnd sent him homewardTae think
  again

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Bruce - Stewart

• Marjorie, daughter of Robert Bruce married Walter
  Stewart (6th High Steward of Scotland)
• David II (son of Robert Bruce) died without heir
  in 1371
• New heir is Robert II, son of Marjorie and Walter
  and 1st Stewart king

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The Crown of Scotland
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Stewart links to England

• 1503 James IV of Scotland marries Margaret Tudor,
  daughter of Henry VII
• James Vs daughter Mary, Queen of Scots, is in
  line to the throne after Elizabeth I
• Those who regarded Henry VIIIs marriage to Anne
  Boleyn, Elizabeths mother as illegal, look to
  Mary as the rightful heir

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Mary, Queen of Scots
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• Mary Queen of Scots (1542 1587)

• Smuggled to France in 1548
• Married the French Dauphin
• Reformation of the Church in 1560 - John Knox
• Married Henry Lord Darnley
• Affair with the Earl of Bothwell
• Held prisoner by Elizabeth I
• Executed 20 years later in 1587

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• 1603 Union of the Crowns. James VI of Scotland,
  son of Mary, Queen of Scots, becomes James I of
  England
• 1707 Act of Union (Union of the Parliaments). The
  Scottish Parliament becomes the first parliament
  in history to vote itself out of existence

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Jacobite Rebellions

• 1688 Glorious Revolution Catholic James II (and
  VII) deposed and William and Mary become King and
  Queen
• 1715 First Jacobite Rebellion Battle of
  Sherrifmuir Old Pretender, James Stuart (James
  III)
• 174546 The Young Pretender, Bonnie Prince
  Charlie (Charles Edward Stuart) leads an army as
  far south as Derby. Eventual defeat at Culloden
  in April 1746, the last battle fought on British
  soil.

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The Battle of Culloden, April 1746
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Divisions within Scotland

• traditionally Catholic, Gaelic speaking, rural
  culture of the Highlands
• Calvinist, English and Scots speaking, more urban
  culture of the Lowlands
• After 1746 - Highland Clearances - destruction
  of Gaelic culture - emigration

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Scottish Gaelic

• Today fewer than 60,000 speakers of Scottish
  Gaelic
• Below 50,000 language considered officially dead

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Fear a Bhàta

• Chorus Boatman na ho ro eile (x3) My
  blessings on you wherever you go. 1. Often I
  look from the highest hill Hoping to see the
  boatman Will you come today, or will you come
  tomorrow? And if you come not at all, desolate I
  will be. 2. My heart is broken and crushed
  And often the tears are streaming from my eyes
  Will you come tonight, will I expect you, Or
  will I close the door with a sorrowful sigh.

Siest Fhir a' bhàta na hò ro èile (x3) Mo
shoraidh slàn leat's gach àit' an tèid thu. 1.
'S tric mi sealltainn on chnoc as àirde,
Dh'fheuch am faic mi fear a' bhàta An tig thu
'n diugh, no'n tig thu màireach? 'S mur tig thu
idir, gur truagh a tà mi. 2. Tha mo chridh'-sa
briste brùite, 'S tric na deòir a' ruith om
shùilean An tig thu nochd no 'm bit mo dhùil
riuth, No 'n dùin mi 'n doras le osna thùrsiach?
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Economy

• Market economy
• Post-industrial revolution heavy industry coal
  mining, steel, shipbuilding
• Today North sea oil, technology (Silicon
  Glen), finance, tourism, whisky

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Bank of Scotland HQ, Edinburgh
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Devolution

• Rise of the SNP from 1950 onwards
• 1970s Its Scotlands Oil!
• 1979 First referendum
• 1997 Second referendum
• 1999 Scottish Parliament
• 2004 Holyrood opens

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Scottish Parliament, Holyrood, designed by Enric
Miralles
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Scottish Parliament
First Minister Jack McConnell (Donald Dewar,
Jim Wallace, Henry McLeish) Presiding Officer
George Reid 129 MSPs (73 constituencies 8
regions with 7 MSPs each by party list)
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Scottish Culture

• Flag St. Andrews Cross the Saltire
• The Lion Rampant the Royal Arms of Scotland
• National flower the thistle

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Scottish Culture

• Clans
• Tartan
• Haggis
• Bagpipes
• Kilts
• Whisky
• Hogmanay

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Scottish Culture

• Writers Robert Burns
• Sir Walter Scott
• Lewis Grassic Gibbon
• James Barrie
• Irvine Welsh
• Alasdair Gray
• 8 Scottish Prime Ministers of the UK (including
  Tony Blair)
• Inventors/discoverers James Watt
• Alexander Graham Bell
• John Logie Baird
• James Dewar
• Alexander Fleming

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How much do you know about Scotland?

• 1. Where is the capital of Scotland?
• 2. What is the Saltire?
• 3. True or false The Loch Ness Monster was seen
  by St. Columba in 563 AD
• 4. Who was St. Columba?
• 5. In which town was the cult book and film
  Trainspotting set?
• 6. What does Ceud Mille Failté mean?
• 7. What is the population of Scotland?
• 8. How many Gaelic speakers are there in
  Scotland?
• 9. What is shinty?
• 10. What are the following?
• Ben Lomond, Ben Wyvis, Ben Nevis, Schihallion
• 11. Which of the following is not a poem by
  Robert Burns
• (a) To a haggis (b) To a cat (c) To a louse
  (d) To a mouse
• 12. What is the name of the Scottish national
  anthem?

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• Where is the capital of Scotland
• What is the Saltire?
• 3. True or false The Loch Ness Monster was seen
  by St. Columba in 565 AD
• 4. Who was St. Columba?
• 5. In which town was the cult book and film
  Trainspotting set?
• 6. What does Ceud Mile Failté mean?
• 7. What is the population of Scotland?

• Edinburgh
• The Scottish flag
• According to the Life of Columba, it is true
• A Celtic monk who brought Christianity to
  Scotland
• Edinburgh
• A hundred thousand welcomes
• About 5 million

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• How many Gaelic speakers are there in Scotland?
• What is shinty?
• 10. What are the following? Ben Lomond, Ben
  Wyvis, Ben Nevis, Schihallion
• 11. Which of the following is not a poem by
  Robert Burns (a) To a haggis (b) To a cat
  (c) To a louse (d) To a mouse
• 12. What is the name of the Scottish national
  anthem?

• About 60 000
• A game, not unlike hockey
• Mountains
• To a cat
• God Save the Queen(Flower of Scotland is an
  unofficial national anthem often sung at rugby
  and football internationals)