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UML Diagrams

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Title: UML Diagrams


1
UML Diagrams
  • A tool for presentation of Architecture

2
UML origins
  • 80s and early 90s explosion of modeling
    methods and notations
  • Not to mention competition among methods people
  • The three amigos (Booch, Jacobson, Rumbaugh)
    were working on the UML by 1996
  • OMG issued UML 1.3 in March, 2000

3
UML is
  • Language
  • Good for communication
  • Standardization is essential
  • Mostly graphical
  • Example used everywhere in Fowler
  • NOT method
  • You can use any design method you like to create
    UML diagrams
  • Standardization can be helpful, but is not so
    important

4
More precise, less precise
UML
Natural language
Usefulness in design
Code
Precision
5
UML diagram types
  • Static diagrams
  • Use case
  • Class
  • Dynamic diagrams
  • Object
  • State
  • Activity
  • Collaboration
  • Sequence
  • Implementation diagrams
  • Component
  • Deployment

6
Use Case Diagram Elements
Order Book
Order Merchandise
ltltincludegtgt
Enter Credit Card
consumer
Check Order Status
Remember the ovals are use cases, NOT use case
steps
Use case names should be Action-verb
object-phrase
7
Use Case Diagram
8
O-O Diagrams
  • Class static relationships
  • Inheritance, composition, association,dependency
  • Object dynamic snapshot
  • Object relationships at runtime,
    processes,threads

9
Classes
Class name
Attributes
Operations
10
Relationships
dependency
association
generalization
realization
11
Class Diagram
12
Stereotypes
  • Text in ltlt gtgt are stereotypes
  • Stereotypes should be defined in the projects
    glossary.
  • Examples

13
Behavioral Diagrams
  • Sequence
  • Interaction (for one use case) viewed by time
  • Collaboration
  • Interaction (for one use case) viewed by
    structure
  • State Chart
  • Internal state of an object (or class) across
    multiple use cases
  • Activity
  • Interaction of multiple objects across multiple
    use cases (includes concurrent activity)

14
Sequence diagram
15
System Sequence diagram(a way to draw use case
steps)
Customer
Amazon.com
creditCardSvc
Add book to cart
Confirm cart contents
Request checkout
Request authentication
Provide credentials
Present options
Provide credit card info, shipping options
Validate card
Confirm order
See Larman, Chpt 9 (2nd edition)
16
Summing up
  • UML is responsibility-oriented
  • UML diagrams are a means to an end
  • OOAD allows many benefits, but does not guarantee
    them

17
UML Usage Guide
  • Use the diagrams to communicate
  • Dont become a slave to the diagrams
  • What you leave out is as important as what you
    put into the diagram!
  • Highlight important details leave the rest out
  • Rule of thumb when in doubt, leave it out.

18
Review question
  • Why are there so many types of diagrams?

19
Bonus material
20
Three levels of class diagrams
  • Conceptual view
  • Boxes are concepts, associations are associations
    -)
  • Concepts may or may not correspond to classes
  • Specification view
  • Boxes are interfaces
  • Associations imply responsibilities
  • Implementation view
  • Boxes are classes
  • Associations imply navigability

Following Fowler, UML Distilled
21
Behavioral Things
state
message
object
AliceEmployee
asynch message
22
Components and Nodes
component
node
23
System Packaging
  • Component Diagrams
  • Modules and Packaging of software
  • Deployment
  • Physical Layout
  • Hardware
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