Evolution

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Evolution
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• Evolution- is the process by which

populations accumulate inherited changes over time
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• Adaptation- a characteristic that helps and
  organism and in its
• Examples

survive
reproduce
environment
Finding food
For protection
For moving from place to place
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• Endangered when a species ___________ dies out
  completely
• Extinction of a species occurs when the
  ____________ changes and the adaptive
  characteristics of a species are ____________ to
  permit its ________.
• Extinction of a species is common.

almost
environment
insufficient
survival
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• Evidence of Evolution
• Fossils- the solidified remains or
• Fossil record- historical sequence of life
• Vestigial structures-
• Comparing organism

imprints of
once living organisms
remnants of once useful
structures
Skeletal structures
DNA
Embryonic Structures
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Charles Darwin

• Made observations that later became the
  foundations for his theory of
• Observed Finchs and plants on Galapagos Islands

Evolution by natural selection
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• Selective Breeding is when not nature,
  will be passed along to the next generation
• Natural selection- the process by which organism
  with at higher rates than organism without
  the favorable traits.
• Peppered Moth example

humans
Select which traits
Favorable traits survive and
reproduce
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• Steps
• 1.
• 2.
• Mutation- anything that can or cause
  in
• 3.
• 4.

Overproduction
Genetic variation
damage
DNA
changes
Struggle to survive
Successful reproduction
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• Generation Time -the period between the birth of
  one generation and the birth of the next
  generation
• SPECIATION--Formation of a new _______
• Mountain range
• Lake
• Canyon

species
Separation
Adaptation
Division
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• FOSSILS are that a great variety of existed
  in the past
• Many thousands of layers of provide evidence
  for the long history of Earth and for the long
  history of changing life forms who remains are
  found in the rocks.
• rock layers are more likely to

evidence
species
Sedimentary rock
Recently deposited
contain fossil resembling existing species
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• Age of Fossils
• Relative dating ordering fossils to
• Absolute dating the method use to measure the
  ratio of unstable atoms to stable atoms, which
  helps scientist determine the
  of a fossil.

estimate their age
approximate age
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Types of Rocks

Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary- where fossils are found
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• Pangaea- a single landmass of the earth

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• Plate Tectonics- forces that drive the movement
  of _________ of Earth's crust around the surface
  of the planet

pieces
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• Some possible forces that cause the Earths
  crust to move
• There are currently ___ large rigid plates

Form due to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes
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• Geological Time Scale Eras

Precambrian Time
Paleozoic Era
Mesozoic Era
Cenozoic Era
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Shared characteristic of Primates
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• Define Hominid
• Describe what is know about the difference
  between humans and their human like ancestors.
• Similarities

Humans and their human like ancestor
-long arms -pelvis tilt
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