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History of Jazz

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Title: History of Jazz


1
History of Jazz
  • Miss Paschall
  • 8th Grade General Music

2
Blues
  • Developed in the 1800s
  • Continues today
  • Exists in every time period and style
  • Name a modern blues musician

3
Ragtime (1890-1917)
  • Composed piano music written by African Americans
  • Influenced jazz
  • Most famous Ragtime composer is Scott Joplin
  • Maple Leaf Rag

4
New Orleans
5
Beginnings of Jazz
6
Dixieland (1900-1920s)
  • Originated in New Orleans
  • Combination of African and European styles
  • Large bands with cornet, clarinet, trombone,
    banjo, tuba, and drums
  • Tuba used instead of string bass sometimes these
    bands marched

7
Louis Armstrong (1901-1971)
  • Nickname was Satchmo
  • Played trumpet
  • Improvised vocally by scat singing
  • Scat-singing is improvised singing with nonsense
    words

8
Louis Armstrong
9
Louis Armstrong and Joe Oliver
10
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • Jeepers Creepers

11
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • St. Louis Blues

12
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • Lets Call the Whole Thing Off (with Ella
    Fitzgerald)

13
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • They Cant Take That Away From Me
  • (scat singing with Ella Fitzgerald)

14
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • Hello Dolly

15
Louis Armstrong Listening Examples
  • What a Wonderful World

16
Boogie-Woogie (1920s-1930s)
  • Occurred during the Great Depression
  • Bands were smaller due to the Great Depression
    and the need to save money
  • Piano was added because it could play more parts
    than any other instrument
  • Count Basie Topsy

17
Swing (1932-1942)
  • Large dance bands because the Great Depression
    was over
  • This happy era ended when the U.S. entered World
    War II
  • Important Swing Band Leaders Duke Ellington,
    Benny Goodman, Count Basie, Glenn Miller

18
Duke Ellington (1899-1974)
  • Played piano and composed many pieces
  • Cottontail

19
Duke Ellington
  • Take the A Train

20
Benny Goodman (1909-1986)
  • Played clarinet
  • First popular jazz band to include both white and
    black musicians

Dont Be That Way
21
Benny Goodman
  • First jazz group to play swing music at Carnegie
    Hall
  • This gave jazz musicians greater respect
  • Sing Sing Sing

22
Count Basie (1904-1984)
  • Talented piano player
  • Led band while playing piano
  • Swingin the Blues

23
Glenn Miller (1904-1944)
  • Played trombone
  • Most popular swing band at the time
  • Entertained troops overseas during World War II
  • In the Mood

24
Bebop (1940-1950)
  • Groups were smaller because of World War II
  • Music was often fast and complex

25
Dizzy Gillespie (1917-1993)
  • Mixed jazz with African and Cuban rhythms
  • Was a prankster and once kicked out of a band
  • Trademark--trumpet with a bent bell

26
Charlie Parker (1920-1955)
  • Extremely talented saxophone player
  • Performed complex solos
  • Died at 34 because of drug and alcohol problems
  • Groovin High, Parker (sax), Gillespie(tpt)

27
Cool Jazz (1949-1955)
  • Reaction to the Bebop style
  • Much more relaxed and less complex than Bebop
    music
  • Songs are slower and longer during this era of
    jazz

28
Miles Davis (1926-1991)
  • Trumpet player
  • His influence helped the evolution of jazz
  • Was also a boxer and a painter
  • So What

29
Decline of Jazz
  • Jazz was taken out of Harlem and put in Carnegie
    Hall and downtown in those joints where youve
    got to be quiet. The black people split and went
    back to Harlem, back to the rhythm and blues, so
    they could have a good time.
  • -tenor sax player Johnny Griffin

30
Decline of Jazz
  • White kids were jamming the rock halls and the
    older people were staying home and watching TV.
    Maybe they found they couldnt pat their feet to
    our music anymore.
  • -pianist Hampton Hawes

31
Modern Jazz (1960-present)
  • Funk/Soul
  • Avante-Garde (free jazz)
  • Straight-ahead (traditional)
  • Latin
  • Jazz Fusion

32
Funk/Soul
  • Reverted to basic harmonies
  • Used funky rhythms
  • James Brown, Jimi Hendrix, Sly Stone, Buddy Rich
  • Buddy Rich, Slow Funk

33
Avante-Garde (free jazz)
  • Less structure
  • John Coltrane
  • Short life, but great jazz influence
  • Played saxophone solos an hour in length
  • Died from liver cancer at age 40
  • John Coltrane, Giant Steps

34
Straight-Ahead (traditional)
  • Uses improvisation
  • Emotional
  • Wynton Marsalis, Sarah Vaughn, Lincoln Center
    Jazz Orchestra
  • Sarah Vaughn
  • They Cant Take That Away From Me

35
Straight-Ahead (traditional)
  • Lincoln Center Jazz Orchestra
  • Take the A Train

36
Straight-Ahead (traditional)
  • Wynton Marsalis
  • Goodbye

37
Latin
  • African and Latin American rhythms combined with
    jazz
  • Carlos Santana, Tito Puente, Chick Corea
  • Chick Corea, Armandos Tango Wigwam

38
Jazz Fusion
  • Mixed jazz with rock
  • Chick Corea
  • Bobby McFerrin
  • Weather Report
  • Blood, Sweat, and Tears
  • Spinning Wheel

39
Bibliography
  • Jazz Gumbo Beginnings 1917. PBS (2000).
    Retrieved January 9, 2007, from
    PowerMediaPlus.com. http//www.powermediaplus.com
  • Jazz The Gift 1917-1924 Part One. PBS (2000).
    Retrieved January 11, 2007 from
    PowerMediaPlus.com. http//www.powermediaplus.com
  • Jazz The Gift 1917-1924 Part Two. PBS (2000).
    Retrieved January 11, 2007 from
    PowerMediaPlus.com. http//www.powermediaplus.com
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