Classification of removable partial denture

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Classification of removable partial denture
Dr Balendra Pratap singh BDS, MDS, MAMS, FISDR,
FPFA, FAAMP, ICMR-IF Assistant professor Departmen
t of Prosthodontics
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CONTENTS

• Need for Classification
• Requirements of an acceptable method of
  classification.
• Various types of Classification.
• Critical evaluation
• Summary
• Conclusion
• References

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NEED FOR CLASSIFICATION

• Ease of communication between dentist and
  laboratory personal.
• Facilitates case history recording and immediate
  visualization of the edentulous arches
• Formulate a good treatment plan
• Formulate basic design principles which might be
  applied to similar situations.
• Anticipate the difficulties commonly to occur for
  that particular design.

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REQUIREMENTS OF AN ACCEPTABLE METHOD OF
CLASSIFICATION

• Allow visualization of the type of partially
  edentulous arch
• Permit immediate differentiation between the
  tooth-supported and the tooth and tissue
  supported removable partial denture
• Universally accepted
• A guide to the type of design to be used

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Various Types of Classification

• Cummers Classification. 1920
• Kennedys Classification. 1925
• Bailyns Classification. 1928
• Neurohrs Classification. 1939
• Mauks Classification. 1941
• Wilds Classification. 1949
• Godfreys Classification. 1951
• Friedmans Classification. 1953
• Becketts Classification. 1953
• Craddocks Classification. 1954

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• Austin-Lidge Classification. 1957
• Skinners Classification. 1957
• Wilsons Classification.1960
• Watts Classification. 1958
• Applegate Classification. 1960
• Avants Classification. 1960
• Swensons Classification. 1963
• Fiset,s Classification. 1973
• Costas Classification. 1974
• Osborne Classification. 1979
• ACP Classification. 2002

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Kennedys classification

• In 1925 Dr. Edward Kennedy of New York.. This
  system is based on the relationship of the
  edentulous spaces to the abutment teeth. It is a
  positional or anatomical classification.

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• Class I Bilateral edentulous areas located
  posterior to the remaining natural teeth. Highest
  incidence in mandible
• Class II A unilateral edentulous area located
  posterior to the remaining natural teeth

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Recognize the Classification?
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• Class III A unilateral edentulous area bounded
  anteriorly and posteriorly by remaining teeth
• Class IV An edentulous area located anterior to
  the remaining natural teeth. A single but
  bilateral (crossing the midline) edentulous area

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Recognize the classification?
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Modifications

• They were indicated according to the number of
  such areas not by their extent, like Class III
  mod 2

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• Advantages
• It permits immediate visualization of the
  partially edentulous arches.
• It permits a logical approach to the problems of
  design.
• It gives a definite treatment plan.
• Differentiates between bounded saddle and free
  end saddle.
• Simplicity.

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• Disadvantages
• Did not explain the length of the edentulous span
  or number of missing teeth- only provide number
  of modification spaces.
• Not enough consideration about the condition of
  teeth and the remaining supporting structures.
• No distinction between modification spaces which
  occur in the anterior segment to those of
  posterior segment.

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Applegates classification

• Oliver C. Applegate 1960, provide a modification
  of Kennedys system.
• This system is based on the number, location and
  condition of abutment teeth or manner of
  achieving support.

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• Class V Teeth bound the edentulous area
  anteriorly and posteriorly but anterior bounding
  tooth is not suitable as abutment. (not strong
  enough for rest, direct retainer) (as the lateral
  incisor). It is basically a class III situation
  where anterior abutment cannot be used for any
  support.

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• Class VI An edentulous situation in which the
  boundary teeth are capable of total support of
  the required prosthesis. This situation hardly
  requires any tissue support. The abutments are
  capable of providing total support.
• Additional edentulous areas are designated by
  letter A and P.
• A Anterior segment of the arch.
• P Posterior segment of the arch is bounded by
  remaining teeth.

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• Applegates rules
• Rule One Classification should follow rather
  than precede extractions that might alter the
  original classification.
• Rule Two If the third molar is missing and not
  to be replaced, it is not considered in the
  classification.
• Rule Three If the third molar is present and is
  to be used as an abutment, it is considered in
  the classification.
• Rule Four If the second molar is missing and is
  not be replaced, it is not considered in the
  classification.

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• Rule Five The most posterior edentulous area or
  areas always determine the classification.
• Rule Six Edentulous areas other than those,
  which determine the classification, are referred
  to as modification spaces and are designated by
  their number.

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• Rule Seven The extent of the modification is not
  considered, only the number of additional
  edentulous areas are considered.
• Rule Eight There can be no modification areas in
  class IV. Because any additional edentulous space
  will definitely be posterior to it and will
  determine the classification.

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References

• Applegate O.C. Essentials of Removable partial
  denture prosthesis. 1st edition, 1965.
• Avant W.E. The universal classification for
  removable partial denture situations. J.
  Prosthet. Dent. 1966 16 533-540.
• Davenport J.C., Basker R.M., Heath J.R. and Ralph
  J.P. A color atlas of removable partial
  dentures. 1st edition, 1988.
• David M. Watt and A. Roy MacGregor Designing
  partial dentures.
• Eugene Costa A simplified system for identifying
  partially edentulous dental arches. JPD, 1974,
  639-645.
• Friedman J. The ABC classification of partial
  denture segments. JPD, 1953, 517-524.

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• Kratochvil F.J. Partial removable
  prosthodontics. 1st edition, 1988.
• McGivney G.P., Carr A.B. McCrackens Removable
  partial prosthodontics. 10th edition, 2001.
• Miller E.L. System for classifying the
  partially edentulous arch. J. Prosthet. Dent.
  1970 24 25-40.
• Skinner C.N. A classification of removable
  partial denture based upon the principles of
  anatomy and physiology. J. Prosthet. Dent. 1959
  9 240-45.
• Stewart K.L., Rudd K.D. and Kuebker W.A.
  Clinical Removable partial prosthodontics. 2nd
  edition, 2001.
• Thomas J. McGarry Classification system for
  partial edentulism, Journal of Prosthodontics,
  2002 Sep11(3)181-93.

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Q1. If tooth number 47 in below mentioned cast is
part of Removable partial denture then this
condition of partial edentulous state is
classified as?

• Class 1 2.
  class 2
• 3. Class 1 mod. 1 4
  class 2 mod 2

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Q2. If tooth number 48 in below mentioned cast is
NOT part of Removable partial denture then this
condition of partial edentulous state is
classified as?

• Class 1 2.
  class 2
• 3. Class 1 mod. 1 4.
  class 2 mod 2

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Q3. If tooth number 18 in below mentioned cast is
part of Removable partial denture then this
condition of partial edentulous state is
classified as?

• Class 1 2.
  class 2
• 3. Class 1 mod. 1 4.
  class 2 mod 2

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Q4. If tooth number 28 in below mentioned cast is
part of Removable partial denture then this
condition of partial edentulous state is
classified as?

• Class 2 mod. 2 2. class
  2 mod. 1
• 3. Class 3 mod. 1 4.
  class 3 mod. 2

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Q5. According to Kennedy, all partially
edentulous arches are classified into

• 1. 6 types
• 2. 4 types
• 3. 2 types
• 4. 3 types

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Q6. Keeping in mind that all teeth are healthy,
how do classify this?

• Class 4 2.
  class 3 mod. 1
• 3. Class 4 mod. 1 4.
  class 3 mod. 2

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Q7. This RPD is classified as

• Class 1 mod 1 2.
  class 2 mod. 2
• 3. Class 1 mod. 2 4.
  class 2 mod. 1

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Q8. If you need some adjustment in this RPD,
which type of RPD you tell to Lab?

• Class 1 2. class
  3
• 3. Class 2 4.
  class 1 mod. 1

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Q9. You have found this RPD in clinic, how do you
describe it?

• Class 2 mod 2 2. class 3 mod
  2
• 3. Class 4 mod 3 4. class 1
  mod. 2

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Q10. This RPD is classified as

• Class 4 mod 2 2. class 3 mod
  2
• 3. Class 4 mod 1 4. class 2
  mod. 2

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THANK YOU