(Sterilization and Disinfection)

1

• ??? ???? ?????? ??????
• ??????? ????????
• (Sterilization and Disinfection)
• ????? ?.?. ????? ????? ?????
• ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? - ???? ???? ??????
• ????? ?????? - ?????? - ?????

2

• ??????? (Sterilization)
• ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???????
  ????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? (Spores).

3

• ??????? (Disinfection)
• ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????
  ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ???
  ???? ??????.
• ---------
• ????? ??????? (Antisepsis)
• ????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????
• ---------
• ?????? ??????? (Antiseptics)???? ??? ????????
  ???? ?????? ??? ?????.

4

• ??????? (Cleaning)
• ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????
  ?? ???????? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????????
  ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????
• ????? ?????? (Decontamination)
• ???? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????
  ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????????
  ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????.

5

• ??? ???????
• 1. ??????? (Heat) ? ??????? ??????? (Wet heat)
  
• ???????? ???? ????????? (Autoclave) ??? ????
  ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? 121?125 ?????
  (???? ?????? ????? ?????) ????? 15?20 ?????.
  ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????.?
  ??????? ?????? (Dry heat)
• ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? (Hot air oven) ???
  ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? 160 ?????
  ???? 1?2 ???? ?? ??? ???? 180 ????? ???? 20 ?????.

6

• 2. ??????? (Radiation) ??????? ???? ???? ?????
  ?? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????
  ??? ?????? ????????? ????????.
• 3. ??????? (Gases)? ??? ?????? ????????
  (Ethylene oxide) ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????
  ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????.
• ? ??? ?????????????? (Formaldehyde) ?????? ??
  ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??
  ????? ??????? ???????????.
• ? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????????
  ???????.

7

• 4. ????? ??????? (Sterilant liquids)
• ? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????????
  (Glutaraldehyde) ?????? ?? ????? ????????.
• ? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????.
• 5. ??????? (Filtration)? ?????? ????????
  (Filters) ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????
  ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????????
  ??? ??? ???? (Blood serum) ??????? ????????
  ???????.

8

• ??? ???????
• 1. ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????.2.
  ?????? ?? ??? ????????? (Ultraviolet
  radiation) ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????.
  ????????? ?????.3. ??????? ????? ?????? ??????
  ??? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???
  ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???
  ??????.

9

• 4. ???????? (Chemical)
• ? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????
  ???????? ?????? ???????.
• ? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????
  ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????.
• ? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??
  ?????????.

10

• ??? ?????? ??????????. ??????????? (Halogens)
  ???? ??????? ?????? (Chlorine)
• ??????? ???????????.
• ?????? ??????????? (???? ??????? ??????).
• ???????? ?? ??????? (????? ??? ???? ??????).
  ????????? ?????????.
• ??????? ????
• ?? ?????? ??? ???????.
• ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ???.
• ??? ??? ??????? ?????.
• ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???
  ?????????.
• ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ???????.
• ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????.

11

• ? ????? (Iodine)
• ?????? ??? ????? (Antiseptic).
• ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????.
• ???? ????????
• ?????? ????? (Iodine tincture).
• ??????? ?????? (Iodophores).
• ????????
• ?? ???? ????????? ???????.
• ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ????.
• ??????? ????? ???? ?????.
• ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???
  ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? (Surgical hand
  scrub).

12

• ?. ????????? (Alcohols)
• ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????????.
• ????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????.
• ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? (Non-enveloped
  viruses).
• ?????? ??? ??????? 70 ? 90.
• ?????? ??? ?????.
• ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????
  ??????.

13

• ??. ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? (Detergents and
  Surfactants)? ???????? (Soaps) ?????? ???
  ????.???? ????? ??? ????? ?????????.??? ?????
  ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??
  ????????????.? ?????? ?????????? ????????
  (QACs)?????? ??? ?????? ??????.?????? ???
  ?????? ???????.??? ????? ????????? ???? ????.

14

• ?. ????????? (Phenols)????????? ????? ? ????
  ???? ????? ?????.????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????
  ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????.????? ?? ???? ?????????
  ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?.?????? ???
  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????????
  ??????? ???.