CHILDREN IN NEED OF SPECIAL PROTECTION:

1
Who is a child?
A child is every human being below the age of 18
years unless, national laws recognize the age of
majority earlier (CRC, Article 1)
2
What are the Rights of the Child?

• To be born. To have a name and nationality.
• To be free. To have a family who will take care
  of me.
• To have a good education.
• To develop my potentials.
• To have enough food, shelter, a healthy and
  active body.
• To be given the opportunity for play and leisure.

3
What are the Rights of the Child?

• To be given protection against abuse, danger
• and violence brought by war and conflict.
• To be given the opportunity for play and leisure.
  
• To be given protection against abuse, danger and
• violence brought by war and conflict.
• To live in a peaceful community.
• To be defended and assisted by the government.
• To be able to express own views.

4
What is the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
5
. is an international instrument of law that
defines the comprehensive sets of rights that ALL
children must enjoy. State parties should ensure
that all appropriate measures are undertaken to
ensure enjoyment of child rights
1990 The Convention on the Rights of the Child
6
FOUR BASIC PRINCIPLES

• Basic Principles
• Best Interest of the Child
• Right to life, survival and development
• Non-discrimination
• Right to participation

7
FOUR 4
Categories

• Survival,
• Development,
• Protection,
• and Participation.

8
Survival Rights

• Every child has the inherent right to life, and
  the State has an obligation to ensure the childs
  survival and development. They include rights to
  adequate food, shelter, clean water, and primary
  health care.

9
Development Rights

• These are rights to the resources, skills and
  contributions necessary for the full development
  of the child. They include rights to formal
  education, leisure and recreation, cultural
  activities and information.

10
Protection Rights

• These rights include protection from all forms of
  child abuse, neglect, exploitation and cruelty,
  including the right to special protection in
  times of war and protection from abuse in the
  criminal justice system.

11
Participation Rights

• Children are entitled to the freedom to express
  opinions and to have a say in matters affecting
  their social, economic, religious, cultural and
  political life. Participation rights include the
  right to express opinions and be heard, the right
  to information and freedom of association.

12
SITUATIONER ON FILIPINO CHILDREN
Council for the Welfare of Children
Photo by Tina Marie de Leon
13
Population

• 88.57 M Filipinos (Census 2007)
• - 44,608,300 or 48.0 male
• - 44,098,000 or 52.0 female
• 39.22 M or 43.4 are 0-17 years old
• using NSOs medium assumption
• for annual growth rate
• 2.04 (1995-2007) Population Growth Rate (PGR)
• (Source NSO)

Photo by Salvador Maya, Jr.
14
Population

• One in three births (36) in the Philippines is
  unplanned
• - 16 unwanted or 20
• mistimed
• - more likely to occur among
  
• older
• - women than younger women
• Source 2008 National Demographic and Health
  Survey
• 27.62 million of population are poor
• 4.68 million poor families
• (Source NSCB, 2006 data on poverty incidence)

Photo by Salvador Maya, Jr.
15
Health

• Maternal mortality rate

162 per 100,000 live births (Source NSO-2006
Family Planning Survey)

• Neonatal mortality rate

16 per 1,000 live births

• Postneonatal mortality rate

9 per 1,000 live births
Photo by CWC Secretariat
Source NSO-2008 National Demographic and Health
Survey
16
Health

• Infant mortality rate

25 per 1,000 live births

• Under five mortality
• 34 per 1,000 live births

• Child mortality rate
• 9 per 1,000 children
• surviving to 12 months of age

Source NSO-2008 National Demographic and Health
Survey
17
Clean Water and Sanitation

• 86 of households have access to drinking
• water

Source 2007 Field Health Information Services
18
Clean Water and Sanitation

• 78 of households have access to sanitary
• toilet

Source 2007 Field Health Information Services
19
Immunized Children

• 7 in ten or 70 Filipino children age 12-23
  months received all the basic vaccinations
• - 82 coverage in urban areas
• - 77 coverage in rural areas
• - vaccination coverage increases w/
• mothers education
• - highest for first births (85)
• lowest for sixth and higher births
• (64)

Source NSO- 2008 National Demographic and Health
Survey
20
Health

• Delivery Care
• - 44 of births in the Philippines
  occurs in
• health facilities
• 27 in a public facility
• 18 in a private facility
• - 56 of births are still delivered at
  home
• - 62 of births are assisted by a
  health
• professional
• Source NSO-2008 National Demographic and
  Health Survey

21
Health

• Prenatal and Postnatal Care
• - 1.01 M or 64.8 pregnant women w/ 3
• or more pre-natal visits
• - 951,837 or 61.4 pregnant women with
  
• 4 or more prenatal visits
• - 1.90 M or 60.1 pregnant women given
  
• TT2 plus
• - 1.88 M or 69.4 post-partum women
• with at least 1 postpartum visit
• Source 2008 Field Health Information
  Services

22
Health

• Prenatal and Postnatal Care
• - 1.01 M or 64.8 pregnant women w/ 3
• or more pre-natal visits
• - 951,837 or 61.4 pregnant women with
  
• 4 or more prenatal visits
• - 1.90 M or 60.1 pregnant women given
  
• TT2 plus
• - 1.88 M or 69.4 post-partum women
• with at least 1 postpartum visit
• Source 2008 Field Health Information
  Services

23
Nutrition

• 88 children born in the Philippines are
  breastfed
• - one-third under six months are
• exclusively breastfed (NSO- 2008
  NDHS)
• - prevalence of exclusive
  breastfeeding
• infants under 6 months has remained
  at
• 34 (NSO and ORC Macro, 2004)

24
Nutrition

• Vitamin A and Iodized Oil Capsule
• - 1.93 M or 74.1 children (9-11
  months)
• given vitamin A
• - 7.45 M or 73.8 children (12-59
  months)
• given vitamin A
• - 1.61 M or 59.2 lactating mother
  given
• vitamin A
• - 76,526 or 0.4 women (15-49) given
• Iodized Oil Capsule
• Source 2008 Field Health Information
  Services

25
Education
Early Childhood Education

• 50 of the total DCCs
• (46,752) and DCWs (46,666)
• were accredited
• - No. of DCWs is less than
• the number of total DCCs
• 1,537,485 or 23.16 children
• aged 3-5 years old served in
• DCCs
• Source DSWD (CY 2008)

Photo by CWC Secretariat
26
Early Childhood Education
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
27
Education
Early Childhood Education

• Pre-school Enrolment aged 4-5 years
• old
• Public - 746,448
• Private - 428,653
• Total - 1,175,101
• (596,014 male
• 579,087 female)
• 24.69 Gross Enrolment ratio (GER)
• - 24.42 Male
• - 24.97 female
• Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009

Photo by CWC Secretariat
28
Early Childhood Education

• Grade 1 Enrolment
• Public - 2,775,411
• Private - 202,166
• Total - 2,977,577
• (1,600,308 male
• 1,377,269 female)

• Percentage of Grade 1 Pupils with Early
• Childhood Development Programs
• - 64.62 (Male is 63.83 and Female
• is 65.54)

Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
29
Early Childhood Education
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
30
Elementary Education

• Primary Education Enrolment (all ages)
• Public - 12.57 million
• Private - 1.11 million
• Total - 13.69 million
• (7.08 million male
• 6.61 million female)
  

Torres High School Dale Erispe, Darwin Erispe,
Raymond Manuel

• Primary Education Enrolment (6-11 years old)
• is 11.42 million

Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
31
Elementary Education

• Performance Indicators

Participation Rate Total 85.12 Male 84.56 Female 85.71
Cohort survival Rate Total 75.39 Male 71.54 Female 79.68
Completion Rate Total 73.28 Male 69.13 Female77.89
Dropout Rate Total 6.02 Male 7.07 Female 4.87
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
32
Among the top performing regions are IV-A, ARMM
AND NCR.
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
33
The graph shows that out of a group of 100 pupils
that enrolled in first grade, 75 reach the sixth
grade in SY 2008-2009.
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
34
Secondary Education

• Secondary Education Enrolment (all ages)
• Public - 5.17 million
• Private - 1.33 million
• Total - 6.51 million
• ( 3.18 million male
  
• 3.33 million female)
  

• Secondary Education Enrolment (12-15 years old)
• is 4.95 million

Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
35
Secondary Education

• Performance Indicators

Participation Rate Total 61.91 Male 57.35 Female 66.57
Cohort survival Rate Total 79.91 Male 75.21 Female 84.50
Completion Rate Total 75.37 Male 70.15 Female 80.47
Dropout Rate Total 7.45 Male 9.33 Female 5.59
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
36
The top performing regions in terms of NER for
the secondary level are NCR, IV-A, and II while
ARMM showed the lowest.
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
37
Cohort survival rate in secondary level
registered at 79.7 in SY 2008-2009, an increase
of 2.7 points from SY 2002-2003.
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
38
In 2006, the primary education system posted the
biggest reduction in dropout rate and tapering to
5 level until 2008.
Secondary dropout rate is historically higher
than that of primary education. In 2005, the
incidence of dropout suddenly rose to an alarming
double digit figure of 12.51. The following
year, the system posted a sudden improvement to
8 level, which continued to the following year
and settled to 7 level in 2008.
Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
39
Education

• Literacy Rate 62 million Filipinos 10 years
  old
• or over
• - 93.40 basically literate or 9 out of
  10 Filipinos
• - 84.10 functionally literate
• - basic and functional literacy rates are
  higher
• among females than among males
• Source NSO- 2003 FLEMMS

40
Education

• Pupil/Student-Teacher Ratios
• - 35.56 for elementary
• - 38.96 for secondary
• Classroom-Pupil/Student Ratios
• - 38.82 for elementary
• - 55.88 for secondary

Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
41
Education

• Non-instructional rooms
• - 9,280 elementary school libraries
• - 3,981 secondary school libraries
• - 4,766 elementary school clinics
• - 1,332 secondary school clinics
• Pupil/Student-Toilet Bowl Ratios in Government
• - 50.37 for elementary
• - 98.89 for secondary

Source DepEd, SY 2008-2009
42
Children in Need of Special Protection
Children in need of special protection are
children who are

• in conflict with the law
• in situation of armed conflict
• with various forms of disability
• girl children
• in cultural communities
• HIV/AIDS

• in hazardous exploitative labor
• on the streets
• victims of sexual abuse commercial exploitation
• victims of family violence neglect
• separated from or have lost their parents

43
Child Labour

• 25.308 M children aged 5-17 years old
• 2.1 M or 8.4 working children
• - 1.376 M or 10.7 (boys)
• - 752,00 or 6.0 (girls)
• - 39.7 of the total population of
• working children are elementary
• undergraduates.
• - 4 out of every 10 working
• children did not finish elementary
• Source Labor Force Survey (LFS), January 2005.
• National Statistics Office (NSO)

44
Northern Mindanao highest in working children
(324,000 or 25.5) Easterm Visayas second
highest in working children (221,000 or 15.6)
Source NSO- Labor Force Survey (LFS), January
2005
45
Street Children

• National estimate 44,435

- 22 major cities - 22,556 - Metro
Manila - 11,346
Source Ours to Protect and Nurture (edited by
Dr. Exaltacion Lamberte)
46
Child Abuse
6,425 total cases served by the DSWD in 2008
(from 7,044 in 2007)
Types of Abuse Total no. of cases served
1. Abandoned 986
2. Neglected 1970
3. Sexually Abused 3.1 Rape 3.2 Incest 3.3 Acts of Lasciviousness 2,300 1,364 769 167
4. Sexually Exploited 4.1 Victims of Prostitution 4.2 Victims of Pedophilia 4.3 Victims of Pornography 4.4 Victims of Cyber Pornography 179 112 52 4 11
Source PDPB-DSWD
47
Child Abuse
Types of Abuse Total no. of cases served
5. Physically Abused/Maltreated 647
6. Victims of Child Labor 136
7. Victims of Illegal Recruitment 16
8. Victims of Child Trafficking 168
9. Emotionally Abused 23
Source PDPB-DSWD
48
Children in Conflict with the Law Statistics (As
of 2nd Quareter 2009)
Source Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council
REGION BJMP Provincial Jail PNP DSWD (NRCY) LGU Youth Centers NGOs TOTAL
I 10 23 62 95
II 1 15 26 42
III 1 58 23 141 81 304
IV-A 26 11 13 140 190
IV-B 3 14 6 23 46
V 8 10 21 222 14 259
VII 64 7 175 336 362 944
VIII 12 8 61 81
IX 25 107 96 228
X 48 1 117 151 317
XI 1 277 109 387
XII 12 8 65 135 55 275
CARAGA 18 33 38 89
CAR 6 5 65 11 87
NCR 43 122 12 690 50 917
Bucor 347
TOTAL 290 132 1,031 1,663 690 573 4,706
49
Profile of children inconflict with the law

• usually male between the ages of 14-17
• has low educational attainment
• belongs to large, low-earning family of six
• members
• charged with property-related crimes
• use drugs and alcohol
• has stopped schooling

50
Children in Situations of Armed Conflict

• an estimate of 30,000-50,000
• children displaced by
• armed conflict every year
• for during the last past 4
• years
• Note Based on reports from combined sources--
  DSWD, DND, AFP
• and NGOs

Vanessa Gregorio Caloocan City Science High School
51
Children in Various Circumstances of Disability
942,098 Persons with disability (70 were found
in rural and remote areas)

• 191,680 children with disabilities
• more boys than girls with disabilities (103,435
  males and 88,245 females)
• 1014 age group has the highest disability
  prevalence rate per 100,000 population
• most common forms of impairment are hearing
  visual impairment

Data source 2000 Census
Photo by CWC Secretariat
52
Child Trafficking

• Estimated 20,000-50,000 Philippine
• and foreign child victims in the
• Philippines
• trafficked for labor and sexual
• exploitation
• Philippine is a transit country for victim
• trafficked from China

Source 2001-2006 Academy for Educational
Development (www.humantrafficking.org)
53
Child Trafficking

• Philippines has internal trafficking of children

• from rural areas (particularly Visayas and
  Mindanao)

• to urban areas (e.g. Metro Manila, Cebu for
  sexual exploitation or forced labor or domestic
  workers, factory workers, or in the drug trade)

Source 2001-2006 Academy for Educational
Development (www.humantrafficking.org)
54
Children in Cultural Communities
Of the total 12 million population of IPs,
approximately 5.1 million are 18 years old and
below

• Profile
• live in remote areas usually
• accessible only by foot
• have limited access to basic
• social services
• often suffer from
• discrimination and neglect

Photo by CWC Secretariat
Data source National Commission on Indigenous
Peoples (NCIP) 3rd and 4th CRC Country Periodic
Report
55
HIV/AIDS
Demographic Data Oct. 2009 Jan.-Oct. 2009 Cumulative Data 1984-2009
Total Reported Cases Asymptomatic Cases AIDS Cases Males Females Youth 15-24yo Children lt15yo Reported Deaths due to AIDS 80 76 4 67 13 16 0 0 629 604 25 546 83 161 2 1 4,218 3,390 828 3,046 1,161 667 52 318
Note No data available on sex for eleven (11)
cases.
Source National Epidemiology Center, DOH
56
Child Participation
Both government and civil society are more aware
of need to involve children on matters affecting
their Lives..

• At national Level
• - CWC Child Representatives
• - Child Commissioners from
• CBS-NAPC
• - NaCCAP Officers and Members
• At Local Level
• - Sangguniang Kabataan
• - Child Representatives
• - LCPC

Photo by CWC Secretariat
57
Local Council for the Protection of Children

• 80.71 organized LCPC and 11.93
  functional BCPCs nationwide (DILG report, as of
  Sept. 2009)
• - 40.54 or 30 ideal (functional) PCPCs
  out
• of 74 Provinces
• - 33.33 or 40 Ideal cities out of 120
  cities
• - 18.61 or 260 out of 1,397
  municipalities
• - 11.93 or4,718 Ideal BCPCs out of the
• 39,535 barangays
• Note Data given does not include the LGUs in
  ARMM

58
Government Response
Policy Legislative Initiatives

• 1987 Constitution
• Family Code of the Philippines
• Presidential Decree 603 (1974)
• R.A. 7610 of 1993 or Special
• Protection of Children Against Child Abuse
• R.A. 8172 of 1995 or ASIN Law
• R.A. 8370 of 1997 or Childrens
• Television Act
• R.A. 8296 - 06 June 1997 (An Act every
• Sunday of December as the National
• Childrens Broadcasting Day)

59
Government Response
Policy Legislative Initiatives

• R.A. 8369 28 October 1997 (An Act
• Establishing Family Courts , granting the
• Exclusive Original Jurisdiction over Child
• and Family cases.
• R.A. 8980 of 2000 or ECCD Act
• R.A. 8972 of 2000 or the Solo Parents Act
• R.A. 9208 or Anti-Trafficking in Persons
• Act of 2003

60
Government Response
Policy Legislative Initiatives

• R.A. 9231 19 December 2003 (An Act
• Providing for the Elimination of the
• Worst Forms of Child Labor and
• Affording Stronger Protection for the
• working child 1987 Constitution
• R.A. 9255 of 2003 or An Act allowing
• illegitimate children to use the surname
  
• of their father, amending for the
• purpose Article 176 of E.O No. 209
• R.A. 9262 or Anti-Violence Against
• Women and their children Act of 2004

61
Government Response
Policy Legislative Initiatives

• R.A. 9288 of 2004 or An Act promulgating a
• Comprehensive Policy and a National
• System for Ensuring Newborn Screening
• R.A. 9344 or Juvenile Justice and
• Welfare Act of 2006
• R.A. 9523 of 2009 or An Act Requiring the
• Certification of the DSWD to declare a
• Child legally available for Adoption
• R.A. 9775, also known as the
• Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009
• R.A. 9858 of 2009 (Legitimization of Children
• Born to Underage Parents

62
Health and Nutrition

• Pre- and Post-Natal Program
• Child-Friendly Hospitals
• Newborn screening (NBS)
• Integrated Management of Childhood Diseases
• Immunization Program
• Early Identification of childrens illness
• Mother Baby Friendly Initiatives
• Vitamin A, Iron, Zinc Supplementation
• Food Fortification Program
• Supplementary Feeding Program
• Formula 1 and MNCHN

63
Education

• Project REACH (Reaching All Children)
• DepEd Pre-school Program
• Feeding Program
• Drop-out Reduction Program (DORP)
• Expansion of GASTPE coverage
• Computerization Program
• Basic Madrasah Education Program
• Every Child A Reader Program (ECARP)
• Child Friendly School System (CFSS)

64
Education

• Early Childhood Care Development Services
• Education for All
• Basic Literacy Program
• Adopt-a-School Program
• Multi-Grade System
• Alternative Learning System
• Informal Education for OSY
• DepEds SPED (special education) reaching
• more children with special needs in
  elementary
• high school

65
Protection

• Sagip Bata Manggagawa
• National Project on Street Children
• Night Care for Young Children
• Day Care Centers
• Pag-aaral ng bata para sa Kinabukasan
• Comprehensive Peace Process
• Reintegration and rehabilitation programmes
• Emergency Operation Philippines-Assistance to
  Conflict-Affected Mindanao
• Food for Education

66
Protection

• Child Care and Placement for Abandoned and
  Orphaned Children
• Inter-country Adoption Placement Services
• After Care Services
• Direct Social Services
• Rehabilitation Program for Street Children
  Recovering from Substance Abuse using the
  modified Social Stress Model (MSSM)
• Case Management Tool for Children Recovering from
  Substance Abuse

67
Protection

• Children and Womens Desks in Police Stations
• Support for Victims/Witnesses of Trafficking in
  Human Beings
• Half-Way Home
• Focus on IP and Muslim children
• Parent Effectiveness Service/ERPAT
• Pantawid sa Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)
• Comprehensive Program for Child Protection

68
Other responses

• DSWD Self-Employment Assistance-Kaunlaran
  provided capital seed to 42,577 families (with
  Php 112,897,000.00 released)
• 591 Tindahan Natin Outlets established benefiting
  147,750 families (costing Php 7,989,668.00, 1st
  Sem. 2009)
• 692,798 households benefited from Cash assistance
  through the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program
  (4Ps), (costing Php 7,271,691,000.00, June
  2009)

69
Other responses

• 496,709 children benefited in 13,764 day care
  centers in 495 LGUs
• DSWD center-based services served a total of
  5,184 clients (abandoned neglected children,
  street children, CICL, PWDs, elder persons, girl
  and women in especially difficult circumstances
  and persons with special needs (March 2009)
• DSWD Community-based services to 51,252
  individuals, including 29,324 Children in Need of
  Special Protection

70

• A Child cannot wait
• Thank you!