NFPA 70E Arc Flash Class - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 57
About This Presentation
Title:

NFPA 70E Arc Flash Class

Description:

2005 National Electrical Code Book States: WARNING. Arc Flash and Shock Hazard ... Cotton Underwear, FR Shirt / Pants plus FR coverall. 3. 8. 9 12 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:2809
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 58
Provided by: briand3
Category:
Tags: 70e | nfpa | arc | class | day | flash | national | underwear

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: NFPA 70E Arc Flash Class


1

NFPA 70E Arc Flash Class
Presented by Brian Downie Project Manager
Town Country Electric PO Box 627 Appleton,
WI 54944 800-274-2345 ext. 6513 brian.downie_at_fai
th-technologies.com
2
  • This Course is Meant to
  • Help Address the Following Areas
  • Of Interest
  • What is NFPA 70E
  • Who is Affected
  • How to Use Labels
  • How to Use the Code Book (NFPA 70E)
  • How to Interpret the Code
  • How to Conduct Formal Assessments
  • Scope Clarifications
  • Proper Electrical Print Development
  • Company Policy Ideas and Examples

3

Our Role in Helping Customers with NFPA 70E
  • Raise the level of understanding with the topic
    including
  • PPE needs associated with live electrical work
    practices.
  • Work with the EHS Departments in developing a
    plan
  • that focus on real electrical assessments and
    good
  • electrical principals required to manage the
    topic.
  • Each employer must look beyond the initial topic
    of
  • Arc Flash and realize that this topic involves
    all aspects
  • of working towards a solid ESWP program.

4
NFPA 70E Essentials
  • (NFPA 70E) Challenges
  • A written safety program with defined
    responsibilities for employees both (qualified
    and unqualified).
  • Analysis of arc flash hazards and associated
  • electrical work practice.
  • Personal protective equipment (Clothing and
    tools, etc.) for all workers involved.
  • Continued training efforts for your work force.
  • Correct warning labels on all electrical
    equipment and what to look for to be complete on
    all aspects of ESWP.

5
2005 National Electrical Code Book States
110.16 Flash Protection. Switchboards,
panelboards, industrial control panels, meter
socket enclosures, and motor control centers in
other than dwelling occupancies, that are likely
to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or
maintenance while energized, shall be field
marked to warn qualified persons of potential
electric arc flash hazards. The marking shall be
located so as to be clearly visible to qualified
persons before examination, adjustment,
servicing, or maintenance of the equipment.
FPN No. 1 NFPA 70E-2004, Electrical Safety
Requirements for Employee Workplaces, provides
assistance in determining severity of potential
exposure, planning safe work practices, and
selecting personal protective equipment. FPN No.
2 ANSI Z535.4-1998, Product Safety Signs and
Labels, provides guidelines for the design of
safety signs and labels for application to
products. Reprinted from NEC 2005
6
Basic Arc Flash Label To Warn Personnel
!
WARNING
Arc Flash and Shock Hazard Appropriate PPE
Required per NFPA 70E
Safety relies on employees to fully understand
the hazards associated with each piece of
equipment
7
Labeling Goals for 70E
  • Clear and easy to follow approach to labeling
    plant systems must be considered. Keep in mind
    that plant floor labeling needs to be understood
    by your staff.
  • Equipment identification should be specific
    enough to create individual identities for use
    with LOTO goals
  • Labeling includes three key components which are
    flash hazards, shock hazards and a means for
    identifying what the item is and where it is
    being fed from

8
110.16 Flash Protection. Switchboards,
panelboards, industrial control panels, and motor
control centers in other than dwelling
occupancies, that are likely to require
examination, adjustment, servicing, or
maintenance while energized, shall be field
marked to warn qualified persons of potential
electric arc flash hazards. The marking shall be
located so as to be clearly visible to qualified
persons before examination, adjustment,
servicing, or maintenance of the equipment.
FPN No. 1 NFPA 70E-2004, Electrical Safety
Requirements for Employee Workplaces, provides
assistance in determining severity of potential
exposure, planning safe work practices, and
selecting personal protective equipment. FPN No.
2 ANSI Z535.4-1998, Product Safety Signs and
Labels, provides guidelines for the design of
safety signs and labels for application to
products. Reprinted from NEC 2002
9
WARNING
!
Arc Flash and Shock Hazard Appropriate PPE
Required
Shelving Cutter 12-4 Fed From DSC 124
Equipment Name
Courtesy E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co.
10
WARNING
!
Arc Flash and Shock Hazard Appropriate PPE
Required
Shelving Cutter 12-4 Fed From DSC 124
Item Name
11
It may be required in the next revision of NFPA
70E that labeling be required to have dates.
This tells us that outdated labeling has to be
eliminated and your programs need to be current.
12
Shock Hazard Approach Boundaries (from NFPA
70E-2004)
13
Multi-Employer Language
  • 110.4 Multi-Employer Relationship. (Page 16) On
    multi-employer worksites (in all industry
    sectors), more than one employer may be
    responsible for hazardous conditions that violate
    safe work practices.
  • Companies who do not qualify outside contractors
    leave themselves open for liability and make it
    harder on your in house staff when they are
    asked to wear PPE and yet contractors may not be
    up to speed.

14
Article 130 Goals
  • Article 130 is the main article within NFPA 70E
    that helps to identify the topic of Working on
    or Near Live Parts. The following articles are
    key components of this section.
  • Justification for Work (Article 130.1) Live
    parts to which an employee might be exposed shall
    be put in an electrically safe work condition
    before an employee works on or near them, unless
    the employer can demonstrate that de-energizing
    introduces additional or increased hazards or is
    infeasible due to equipment design or operational
    limitations.
  • FPN No 1. Examples of increased or additional
    hazards include but are not limited to
    interruption of life support equipment,
    deactivation of emergency alarm systems and
    shutdown of hazardous location ventilation
    equipment.

15
130.7 Personal and Other Protective Equipment
  • 130.7 (A) Employees working in areas where
    electrical hazards are present shall be provided
    with, and shall use, protective equipment that is
    designed and constructed for the specific part of
    the body to be protected and for the work to be
    performed. (Page 28)
  • Article 130 kicks off the PPE needs behind NFPA
    70E including tables etc.

16
(130.7C9) PPE Task Based Table
Note 1 - gt25kAIC and a no more than .03 sec fault
clearing time Note 3 - lt10kAIC then you can
reduce the category by one
17
Task Based PPE Programs implemented through NFPA
70E tables
Task Based PPE requirements poster located in
MCC. Approx. 4 feet from starter
Task Based PPE Programs are better than not
having a program but can still fall short when it
comes to implementation of your programs.
Employees often do not take the appropriate
amount of time to evaluate what is needed and
how to use the PPE.
18
(130.7C10) Protective Equipment Table
19
130.7C11 Hazard Selection Table
20

130.1(A)2 Energized Electrical Work
Permit (Elements of Work Permit)
  • A description of the circuit and equipment to be
    worked on and their location.
  • Justification for why the work must be performed
    in an energized condition
  • A description of the safe work practices to be
    employed
  • Results of the shock hazard analysis
  • Determination of shock protection boundaries
  • Results of the flash hazard analysis
  • The flash protection boundary
  • Necessary PPE to safely perform the assigned task
  • Means employed to restrict access of unqualified
    persons
  • Evidence of completion of job briefing, including
    a discussion of any job-specific hazards
  • Energized work approval (Authorizing or
    responsible management, safety officer or owner,
    etc.) signature's).


21

130.1(A)(3) Energized Electrical Work
Permit (Exemptions to Work Permit)
  • Work performed on or near live parts by qualified
    persons related to tasks such as testing,
    troubleshooting, voltage measuring, etc. shall be
    permitted to be performed without an energized
    electrical work permit, provided appropriate safe
    work practices and personal protective equipment
    in accordance with Chapter 1 are provided and
    used.


22
Live Work Permit Contents
  • ENERGIZED WORK SPECIFICATIONS FORM
  • Requesting Person________________________ Division
    _________________
  • Job Number_____________________________ Job
    Name________________
  • Equipment/Machine to be Locked Out and Tagged
    Out________________________
  • Equipment and/or Circuits to be worked on
    energized_________________________
  • Date(s) of work to be performed
    ___________________________________________
  • Work to be performed _____________________________
    ______________________
  • Energy Source and Location _______________________
    _______________________
  • Statement of why equipment cannot be
    de-energized____________________
  • __________________________________________________
    ____________________
  • Is it possible to reschedule work at a later date
    when equipment may be de-energized? YES
    NO
  • Hazards (risk to personnel, property, production)
    ___________________________

23
Live Work Permit Contents Cont
  • Results of Shock/Flash Hazard Analysis
  • Hazard Risk Category __________________
  • Flash Protection Boundary ______________ Limited
    Approach Boundary _______
  • Restricted Approach Boundary ___________ Prohibite
    d Approach Boundary _____
  • Employees who will be performing the energized
    work ___________________________
  • Have employees been properly trained? Yes
    No
  • Have affected employees been notified of
    procedures and hazards? Yes No
  • Date of Notification _________________________
    Competent person assigned ________
  • Energized Work Category 50v
    50-250v 250-600v 600v
  • List personal protective equipment
    needed_______________________________________
  • Date equipment last tested _______________________
    __ Tested by _________________
  • Has written plan/Task Safety Analysis (TSA) been
    completed for energized work?
  • Authorized customer representative
    approval_________________ Date ____________
  • Customer representative understands all risks
    injury, damage and loss of production

24
How to Proceed With a Program to Address NFPA 70E?
  • Two methods are recognized by the industry. It
    is worth noting the table approach is limited in
    design and should not be used for long term
    safety program goals.
  • Method 1 Arc Flash Calculation
  • Method 2 Use NFPA 70E Tables (Notes 1-6 Must Be
    Verified in 130.7C9)

25
Incident Comparison
Case 1 Town Country
  • Injuries sustained
  • 2nd 3rd degree burns to head, arm, hand
  • Nearly lost ear
  • Med-evac from site to University Hosp
  • Off work for a month
  • Several surgeries
  • March 2001
  • 400A 480V Service Entrance
  • Small-Medium sized industrial facility (wood
    processing)
  • Employee knew it was hot
  • No PPE Worn

26
Case 1
27
Case 1
28
Incident Comparison
Case 2 Town Country
  • Injuries Sustained
  • NONE
  • July 2001
  • 480V 800A slide in tub gear
  • Late night Preventive Maintenance
  • Telecommunications Provider

29
Case 2
30
Case 2
31
Case 2
32
Case 2
33
Training Implementation Success
  • Your employees can retain 90 percent of what
    theyve learned after an hour, 50 percent after a
    day, 25 percent after 2 days and 10 percent after
    30 days if there isnt additional reinforcement.
  • In fact, the content needs to be revisited six
    times for retention that gets results!
  • NFPA 70E is a topic that has challenged even the
    most experience Safety Directors

34
Clothing Material Characteristics
  • 130.7(C)(14)(b) (Page 34)
  • Flammability. Clothing made from nonmelting
    flammable natural materials, such as cotton,
    wool, rayon, or silk shall be permitted for
    Hazard/Risk Categories 0 and -1 considered
    acceptable if it is determined by flash hazard
    analysis that the exposure level is 8.36J/cm2
    (2.0 cal/cm2) or less, and that the fabric will
    not ignite and continue to burn under the arc
    exposure hazard conditions to which it will be
    exposed (using data from tests done in accordance
    with ASTM F 1958.) See also 130.7(C)(12)(a) for
    layering requirements.

35
Print Development Scope Evaluations
36
Value of Good Prints
  • A good electrical print should show all
    connecting devices including engineering
    information, OEM information along with short
    circuit findings in order to consolidate all
    aspects of maintenance and safety LOTO needs.
  • Engineering software program one-lines are not
    recommended for LOTO use and not recognized by
    OSHA.

37
What is Required in Print Format?
  • 8.4.3An up-to-date short-circuit and coordination
    study is essential for the safety of personnel
    and equipment.
  • The momentary and interrupting rating
    requirements of the protective devices should be
    analyzed, that is, will the circuit breaker or
    fuse safely interrupt the fault or explode in
    attempting to perform this function?

38
What is Required in Print Format?
  • 26.1.1 Copies of single-line diagrams and system
    study data should be given to the facility
    maintenance department. It is critical to
    efficient, safe system operation that the
    maintenance department keep the single-line
    diagrams current and discuss significant changes
    with the facility engineering department or
    consulting electrical engineer.
  • It should be noted, however, that the information
    required for system studies is highly
    specialized, and outside help might be necessary.

39
Comments
  • When evaluating arc flash assessments, the most
    valuable portion of the project entails spending
    the appropriate amount of time in the plant to
    truly verify the electrical systems. Dont
    assume any existing labeling is accurate, and put
    some thought into how your prints will be
    created. We have found that real electrical
    prints will help not only support safety
    implementation needs, but engineering and
    maintenance functions as well. Software driven
    diagrams are not sufficient enough to support
    those needs.- Dominic Garcia Horizon Milling

40

How to Evaluate Your Program and Subsequent
Findings
Be sure to spend time evaluating your end
results. Item or Bus Names and Protective Device
references are usually driven by engineering and
not always focused on LOTO needs.
41
(No Transcript)
42
Arc Flash Hazard Analysis
Newly created AutoCAD prints are a must for LOTO
support. Software driven impedance diagrams do
not work for ESWP needs
43
Arc Flash Hazard Analysis 1-Line
44
Up-to-Date Drawings
  • OSHA standards define a requirement for labels
    to
  • identify the location of disconnecting means for
    lockout purposes.
  • Electrical drawing maintenance is not required
    by OSHA however, NFPA 70E standards and NFPA 70B
    do call for up to date AutoCAD drawings to be
    followed for LOTO use.
  • Most Managers and/or Production Supervisors
    strategy is to keep the plant running and keep
    product moving out the door. EHS Managers are
    responsible for the safety of the staff. This
    difference in strategy means both parties must
    work together on NFPA 70E plans.

45

Successful NFPA Projects and Scope Recognitions
Step 1
  • First, make sure you invest the appropriate
    time in verifying the true electrical sources for
    your labeling of equipment.
  • In any scope you evaluate please question and ask
    for detailed explanation of the term Data
    Collection. When you see these two words you
    should immediately ask your vendor to qualify
    this process. From an engineering point of view
    what is required for data entry in a software
    program is the equipment type, setting
    information, wire size and an approximate length
    of wire run.
  • Few vendors will assume any accountability for
    the accuracy of your labeling or they will ask
    you to confirm this vital aspect to a quality end
    product.

46

Successful NFPA Projects and Scope Recognitions
Step 1
  • Actual Scope Example (Is this how you want to
    proceed with a Safety Audit for NFPA 70E?)
  • The data collection process will include
    recording nameplate and setting information from
    circuit breakers, fuses, relays (over-current and
    ground-fault), switchboards, and transformers as
    well as feeder conductor sizes and lengths. To
    accomplish this, our Representative(s) and/or
    your Facility Representative(s) may be required
    to remove panel covers and open disconnects
    enclosures exposing energized components and
    conductors.
  • XXXX is not responsible for the labeling of
    panels or the accuracy of those labels. If there
    are mislabeled or unlabeled over-current
    protection devices it is the responsibility of
    the facility to rectify these if they are to be
    included in the analysis. This may include
    collecting circuit data and providing it to XXXX
    after our site visit.

47

Successful NFPA Projects and Scope Recognitions
Step 2
  • After you have qualified the plant investigation
    phase of the safety audit you must then qualify
    the electrical print development stage of your
    process and the end deliverables of those prints.
  • Most vendors are using software programs to enter
    key electrical information needed to indicate PPE
    choices and risks. These software programs like
    SKM Power Tools Tutorial and Easy Power for
    example are good programs but simply engineering
    tools.
  • The prints or electrical one-lines created via
    software programs are simply reflective of what
    was needed for the engineering aspects of NFPA
    70E compliance.

48
Successful NFPA Projects and ScopeRecognitions
Step 2
  • Your goal should be to ask for a newly created
    set of AutoCAD drawings PRIOR to any engineering
    work done during your NFPA Safety Audit. This is
    your chance to ensure an accurate drawing is
    created by a real AutoCAD program and reviewed by
    your team for accuracy before engineering work
    done.

49
Why Perform Maintenance?
50
Flash Hazard Analysis Do Not Account for
Maintenance Issues
  • Maintenance is a very critical part of the flash
    hazard issue.
  • A preventive maintenance program on these circuit
    protective devices is needed.
  • Inadequate maintenance can cause unintentional
    time delays.

51
Flash Hazard Analysis
  • Example
  • A low-voltage power circuit breaker had not been
    operated or maintained for several years
  • The lubrication had become sticky or hardened
  • Circuit breaker could take several additional
    cycles, seconds, minutes, or longer to clear a
    fault condition.

52
Flash Hazard Analysis
  • Flash Hazard Analysis is performed
  • Based on what the system is suppose to do - 5
    cycles
  • Unintentional time delay, due to a sticky
    mechanism
  • Breaker clears in 30 cycles
  • The worker could be seriously injured or killed
    because he/she was under protected.
  • Arc/Flash situation 20,000-amp short-circuit,
    480 volts, 3-inch arc gap, the worker is 18
    inches from the arc, with a 5 cycle clearing time
    for a 3-phase arc in a box (enclosure).
  • Next slide illustrates this

53
Calculation for 5 cycles
54
Calculation with a 5 Cycle Clearing Time This
value of 1.89431 cal/cm2 is based on a
single-phase arc in open-air. As a general rule
of thumb, the value of 1.89431 would be
multiplied by a factor of 2 for a single-phase
arc in a box (2 x 1.89431 3.78862 cal/cm2
Category 1) and by a factor of 3.4 for a
multi-phase arc in a box (3.4 x 1.89431
6.440654 cal/cm2 Category 2). (The protection
category is based on NFPA 70E-2000, Part II,
Table 3-3.9.3.)
Due to a sticky mechanism the clearing time
increases to 30 cycles. Next slide illustrates
this
55
Calculation for 30 cycles
56
Calculation with a 30 Cycle Clearing Time The
value of 11.36586 cal/cm2 is based on a
single-phase arc in open-air. Again, as a
general rule of thumb, the value of 11.36586
would be multiplied by a factor of 2 for a
single-phase arc in a box (2 x 11.36586
22.73172 cal/cm2 Category 3) and by a factor of
3.4 for a multi-phase arc in a box (3.4 x
11.36586 38.643924 cal/cm2 Category 4). (The
protection category is based on NFPA 70E-2000,
Part II, Table 3-3.9.3.)
As can be seen, maintenance is extremely
important to an electrical safety program.
Maintenance must be performed according to the
manufacturers instructions in order to minimize
the risk of having an unintentional time delay in
the operation of the circuit protective devices.
57
Summary
  • Proper maintenance can be performed and power
    systems kept in a safe, reliable condition with
    the proper mixture of
  • Common sense (Be concerned on who is providing
    common sense when discussing plans for
    reliability of your systems.)
  • Training There can never be enough education to
    support ESWP
  • Manufacturers literature and spare parts OEM
    specs are vital to consider

58
  • A Special Thanks to
  • Quad Graphics (Linda Ernsberger)
  • Rockwell Automation (Cally Edgren)
  • Phillips Plastics (Dan Andersen)
  • Square D Services
  • Pat Ostrenga (OSHA)
  • Rockwell Automation (Cally Edgren)
  • Ted Sommer (Town Country)
  • Cementex Tools
  • Westex PPE Samples

All of these parties have played a large role in
helping to promote safety in the workplace.
59
Thank You for Coming!!!!
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com